EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA NOS CURSOS DE GRADUAÇÃO E PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM SANTA CATARINA-BRASIL

Ao longo de sua história a Educação a Distância, no Brasil e no mundo, transformou-se e desenvolveu-se evidenciando que o modelo tradicional de ensino vem cedendo espaço a educação à distância. A educação à distância veio atender a uma necessidade cada vez maior de conhecimento sem restrições de espaço e tempo. Muitos dos problemas que assolam a maioria das empresas começam também a perturbar as instituições educacionais. Uma intensa e dinâmica mudança nas necessidades dos alunos; o crescente aumento da concorrência; são alguns aspectos que espelham, em si, um fato concreto palpitante e indiscutivelmente instalado, de maneira ampla e geral, em praticamente todas as instituições de ensino do terceiro grau. A despeito desta visão, já ultrapassada em nações desenvolvidas, há uma estreita relação entre ensino superior e os negócios das instituições educacionais deste nível de ensino, a começar pelo fato de que uma entidade educacional não sobrevive sem recursos, nem tampouco progride sem a renovação e expansão do seu corpo docente e discente. As tendências apontam que as mudanças seguem em direção a uma adequação dos processos educacionais considerando as inteligências múltiplas humanas e em função dos recursos tecnológicos que viabilizam esta mudança nos processos educacionais clássicos. Por conta do rápido desenvolvimento tecnológico e as decorrentes demandas do mercado de trabalho, tem se observado uma oferta cada vez maior de cursos a distância, utilizando a Internet como a principal mídia de interação. A transmissão de informações – seja ela através de meios impressos, eletrônicos e/ou digitais e principalmente o meio em que essa informação é transmitida (no caso a Internet) –, faz com que surjam novos papéis e novas atitudes tanto para alunos quanto para professores. Desta forma, tem-se como objetivo neste artigo mostrar a expansão do ensino a distância no Brasil, analisando a oferta de cursos de graduação e pós-graduação a distância em Santa Catarina

Essential role of GEXP15, a specific Protein Phosphatase type 1 partner, in Plasmodium berghei in asexual erythrocytic proliferation and transmission.

The essential and distinct functions of Protein Phosphatase type 1 (PP1) catalytic subunit in eukaryotes are exclusively achieved through its interaction with a myriad of regulatory partners. In this work, we report the molecular and functional characterization of Gametocyte EXported Protein 15 (GEXP15), a Plasmodium specific protein, as a regulator of PP1. In vitro interaction studies demonstrated that GEXP15 physically interacts with PP1 through the RVxF binding motif in P. berghei. Functional assays showed that GEXP15 was able to increase PP1 activity and the mutation of the RVxF motif completely abolished this regulation. Immunoprecipitation assays of tagged GEXP15 or PP1 in P. berghei followed by immunoblot or mass spectrometry analyses confirmed their interaction and showed that they are present both in schizont and gametocyte stages in shared protein complexes involved in the spliceosome and proteasome pathways and known to play essential role in parasite development. Phenotypic analysis of viable GEXP15 deficient P. berghei blood parasites showed that they were unable to develop lethal infection in BALB/c mice or to establish experimental cerebral malaria in C57BL/6 mice. Further, although deficient parasites produced gametocytes they did not produce any oocysts/sporozoites indicating a high fitness cost in the mosquito. Global proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of GEXP15 deficient schizonts revealed a profound defect with a significant decrease in the abundance and an impact on phosphorylation status of proteins involved in regulation of gene expression or invasion. Moreover, depletion of GEXP15 seemed to impact mainly the abundance of some specific proteins of female gametocytes. Our study provides the first insight into the contribution of a PP1 regulator to Plasmodium virulence and suggests that GEXP15 affects both the asexual and sexual life cycle

Plasmodium pseudo-Tyrosine Kinase-like binds PP1 and SERA5 and is exported to host erythrocytes.

Pseudokinases play key roles in many biological processes but they are poorly understood compared to active kinases. Eight putative pseudokinases have been predicted in Plasmodium species. We selected the unique pseudokinase belonging to tyrosine kinase like (TKL) family for detailed structural and functional analysis in P. falciparum and P. berghei. The primary structure of PfpTKL lacks residues critical for kinase activity, supporting its annotation as a pseudokinase. The recombinant pTKL pseudokinase domain was able to bind ATP, but lacked catalytic activity as predicted. The sterile alpha motif (SAM) and RVxF motifs of PfpTKL were found to interact with the P. falciparum proteins serine repeat antigen 5 (SERA5) and protein phosphatase type 1 (PP1) respectively, suggesting that pTKL has a scaffolding role. Furthermore, we found that PP1c activity in a heterologous model was modulated in an RVxF-dependent manner. During the trophozoite stages, PbpTKL was exported to infected erythrocytes where it formed complexes with proteins involved in cytoskeletal organization or host cell maturation and homeostasis. Finally, genetic analysis demonstrated that viable strains obtained by genomic deletion or knocking down PbpTKL did not affect the course of parasite intra-erythrocytic development or gametocyte emergence, indicating functional redundancy during these parasite stages

New loci associated with birth weight identify genetic links between intrauterine growth and adult height and metabolism.

Birth weight within the normal range is associated with a variety of adult-onset diseases, but the mechanisms behind these associations are poorly understood. Previous genome-wide association studies of birth weight identified a variant in the ADCY5 gene associated both with birth weight and type 2 diabetes and a second variant, near CCNL1, with no obvious link to adult traits. In an expanded genome-wide association meta-analysis and follow-up study of birth weight (of up to 69,308 individuals of European descent from 43 studies), we have now extended the number of loci associated at genome-wide significance to 7, accounting for a similar proportion of variance as maternal smoking. Five of the loci are known to be associated with other phenotypes: ADCY5 and CDKAL1 with type 2 diabetes, ADRB1 with adult blood pressure and HMGA2 and LCORL with adult height. Our findings highlight genetic links between fetal growth and postnatal growth and metabolism

L’attachement durant l’enfance est-il déterministe ou plutôt un guide pour les relations d’attachement dans la vie (plus particulièrement dans le couple) ? Continuité de l’attachement, différences au sein du couple & prise de perspective

Le présent mémoire a été structuré suivant les trois questions de recherche présentées : - « Existe-t-il un lien entre l’attachement à la mère durant l’enfance et l’attachement au conjoint à l’âge adulte. » - « Y a-t-il des différences au sein du couple selon le style d’attachement des partenaires ? » - « Y a-t-il un lien entre la qualité de la prise de perspective (perspective-taking) et le style d’attachement de la personne au sein du couple ? ». Après un avoir introduit le sujet de l’attachement et avoir tenté de répondre aux deux premières questions de recherche au moyen de la littérature, une recherche exploratoire a été menée afin de répondre à la troisième question de recherche et plus particulièrement à l’hypothèse suivante : « Les personnes « secure » étant plus sociables et moins centrées sur elles-mêmes auraient une meilleure prise de perspective que les personnes ayant un autre style d’attachement ». Suite à cette recherche exploratoire aucune conclusion n’a pu être tirée au sujet des liens entre attachement et prise de perspective. Il se pourrait que certaines limites influencent ces résultats. De manière générale, des liens de continuité et de parallèle ont été trouvés entre l’attachement mère-enfant et l’attachement de la même personne à son conjoint à l’âge adulte. Des différences apparaissent également dans la manière de se comporter dans le couple selon le style d’attachement développé par la personne. La question du déterminisme de l’attachement (fil rouge indirect du présent mémoire) reste cependant ouverte. Il existe des liens entre l’attachement à plusieurs âges de la vie mais de nombreux événements de vie peuvent entrer en compte et influencer l’attachement. Le mot « déterminisme » serait donc peut-être un qualificatif un peu trop fort pour l’attachement.Mémoire de master [120] en sciences psychologiques, Université catholique de Louvain, 201

Steckbriefe zu humuserhaltenden und -mehrenden Maßnahmen auf Ackerflächen : Projektbericht des Thünen-Instituts im HumusKlimaNetz

In recent years, soil organic carbon sequestration and conservation has become increasingly important in German and European climate politics. In this context, measures to build up humus are to be tested in practice in the HumusKlimaNetz. In order to be able to offer the participating farms possible measures for implementation, it is crucial to evaluate which measures can contribute to humus sequestration and conservation, and which other agronomic and environmental impacts might occur. Moreover, it is necessary to know the costs incurred in implementing the measures in order to determine any compensation requirements. In this report, the scientific findings on the above-mentioned questions are compiled and regional specific flat rates for compensation of measures are developed on the basis of yield statistics. Thus, the project report is a scientific working basis for the promotion of humus measures within the framework of the model and demonstration project "HumusKlimaNetz"

Steckbriefe zu humuserhaltenden und -mehrenden Maßnahmen auf Ackerflächen : Projektbericht des Thünen-Instituts im HumusKlimaNetz

In recent years, soil organic carbon sequestration and conservation has become increasingly important in German and European climate politics. In this context, measures to build up humus are to be tested in practice in the HumusKlimaNetz. In order to be able to offer the participating farms possible measures for implementation, it is crucial to evaluate which measures can contribute to humus sequestration and conservation, and which other agronomic and environmental impacts might occur. Moreover, it is necessary to know the costs incurred in implementing the measures in order to determine any compensation requirements. In this report, the scientific findings on the above-mentioned questions are compiled and regional specific flat rates for compensation of measures are developed on the basis of yield statistics. Thus, the project report is a scientific working basis for the promotion of humus measures within the framework of the model and demonstration project "HumusKlimaNetz"

Impact of subthreshold depression on health-related quality of life in patients with Parkinson’s disease based on cognitive status

Background!#!In patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), depression has a strong impact on quality of life (QoL). However, little is known about the influence of subthreshold depression (STD) on QoL in PD patients.!##!Methods!#!A total of 230 hospitalized PD patients with normal and impaired cognitive status were included in this observational study. We collected the following data for analysis: Beck Depression Inventory level, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) score, non-motor symptoms questionnaire score, PD questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39) score, Hoehn-Yahr stage, and Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the unified PD rating scale III (MDS-UPDRS III) score. To study the impact of STD on the PDQ-39 summary index (SI) and its domains, we used multivariate analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of covariance.!##!Results!#!In this cohort, 80 (34.8%) patients had STD [44 (32.3%) with high MOCA score (> 21) and 36 (38.3%) with low MOCA score (< 21)]. In PDQ-39 SI, there was a significant effect on depression level. In patients with higher MOCA score, STD was associated with worse PDQ-39 domains emotional well-being and cognition, whereas in patients with lower MOCA score, STD had no significant effect on PDQ-39 SI or its subdomains.!##!Conclusion!#!In PD patients, QoL is significantly affected by STD, and thus, more attention in medical care should be focused on treating STD. However, the impact is only observable in PD patients with normal cognitive function. STD patients show more reduced QoL than non-depressed patients, indicating that STD should be treated as a transition zone between normal mood and depression

Essential role of GEXP15, a specific Protein Phosphatase type 1 partner, in Plasmodium berghei in asexual erythrocytic proliferation and transmission.

The essential and distinct functions of Protein Phosphatase type 1 (PP1) catalytic subunit in eukaryotes are exclusively achieved through its interaction with a myriad of regulatory partners. In this work, we report the molecular and functional characterization of Gametocyte EXported Protein 15 (GEXP15), a Plasmodium specific protein, as a regulator of PP1. In vitro interaction studies demonstrated that GEXP15 physically interacts with PP1 through the RVxF binding motif in P. berghei. Functional assays showed that GEXP15 was able to increase PP1 activity and the mutation of the RVxF motif completely abolished this regulation. Immunoprecipitation assays of tagged GEXP15 or PP1 in P. berghei followed by immunoblot or mass spectrometry analyses confirmed their interaction and showed that they are present both in schizont and gametocyte stages in shared protein complexes involved in the spliceosome and proteasome pathways and known to play essential role in parasite development. Phenotypic analysis of viable GEXP15 deficient P. berghei blood parasites showed that they were unable to develop lethal infection in BALB/c mice or to establish experimental cerebral malaria in C57BL/6 mice. Further, although deficient parasites produced gametocytes they did not produce any oocysts/sporozoites indicating a high fitness cost in the mosquito. Global proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of GEXP15 deficient schizonts revealed a profound defect with a significant decrease in the abundance and an impact on phosphorylation status of proteins involved in regulation of gene expression or invasion. Moreover, depletion of GEXP15 seemed to impact mainly the abundance of some specific proteins of female gametocytes. Our study provides the first insight into the contribution of a PP1 regulator to Plasmodium virulence and suggests that GEXP15 affects both the asexual and sexual life cycle