Connecting physical resonant amplitudes and lattice QCD

We present a determination of the isovector, $P$-wave $\pi\pi$ scattering phase shift obtained by extrapolating recent lattice QCD results from the Hadron Spectrum Collaboration using $m_\pi =236$ MeV. The finite volume spectra are described using extensions of L\"uscher's method to determine the infinite volume Unitarized Chiral Perturbation Theory scattering amplitude. We exploit the pion mass dependence of this effective theory to obtain the scattering amplitude at $m_\pi= 140$ MeV. The scattering phase shift is found to be in good agreement with experiment up to center of mass energies of 1.2 GeV. The analytic continuation of the scattering amplitude to the complex plane yields a $\rho$-resonance pole at $E_\rho= \left[755(2)(1)(^{20}_{02})-\frac{i}{2}\,129(3)(1)(^{7}_{1})\right]~{\rm MeV}$. The techniques presented illustrate a possible pathway towards connecting lattice QCD observables of few-body, strongly interacting systems to experimentally accessible quantities.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, equivalent to published version, added two appendices and a figur

Administrative Procedure and Foreign Antibribery Enforcement: Restoring Balance through Procedural Transparency

The Department of Justice and the Securities and Exchange Commission aggressively pursue and punish individuals and companies who bribe or attempt to bribe foreign officials in other countries pursuant to the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 (FCPA). However, the FCPA as it is currently interpreted by the Department of Justice has been the object of growing criticism. The United States Chamber of Commerce has argued that good faith efforts to comply with the law are often unsuccessful and that statutory amendments are necessary to secure clarity with respect to enforcement policy. A year ago, the Department of Justice responded to this criticism by publicly commiting to release guidance on the FCPA\u27s criminal and civil enforcement provisions. Commentators argue that this guidance, if the Department ever issues it, is not likely to respond to the criticims of scholars and practitioners who oppose the current enforcement policy altogether. This Note finds that statutory amendments are necessary to require the DOJ to take notice of, and respond in a meaningful way to, the legitimate criticism of its current enforcement policy. This Note begins with an introduction to the text of the antibribery provisions, followed by a summary of two of the COC\u27s key criticisms of the FCPA as currently interpreted by the DOJ. It then examines the procedural law governing the DOJ\u27s enforcement policy formulation to demonstrate that the Department has consistently chosen the least transparent means to formulate its enforcement policy. Finally, the Note concludes by briefly comparing legislative and administrative developments in the United Kingdom surrounding that country\u27s UK Bribery Act 2010 as a potential procedural benchmark for Congress to better guide the DOJ procedurally in formulating its enforcement policy

Generation of graph-state streams

We propose a protocol to generate a stream of mobile qubits in a graph state through a single stationary parent qubit and discuss two types of its physical implementation, namely, the generation of photonic graph states through an atom-like qubit and those of flying atoms through a cavity-mode photonic qubit. The generated graph states fall into an important class that can hugely reduce the resource requirement of fault-tolerant linear optics quantum computation, which was previously known to be far from realistic. In regard to the flying atoms, we also propose a heralded generation scheme, which allows for high-fidelity graph states even under the photon loss.Comment: Accepted for publication at PRA Rapid Communication

A Review of Ethnopsychiatric Studies of Depression

One of the common goals in medical anthropology is to elucidate the significance of culture in determining health and thus clarify the complex biopsychosocial model to provide better, more appropriate care (I). Prominent among environmental influences is the society in which a person develops: and it is his position in this constellation of people, with their shared ethos and world view, which molds experience, cognition, and affect (2). Cultural meanings, norms, and power arrangements shape illness to a great degree by defining the sick role and consequent illness behaviors. Medical anthropology, as a discipline, has among its concerns the cultural content of health and illness behaviors: it includes studies of how social experiences define sickness and shape ideas of disease recognition and therapy (3) . Both physician and patient offer, either unconsciously or consciously, explanatory models of disease and expectations of the health care system which form a continuum ranging from full agreement to mutual disregard (4). These observations spring from a cursory glance at even a single society and accumulate greater power when comparative cultural studies are involved, as is the case in cross-cultural psychiatry

Schizophrenia, Cancer and Obstetric Complications in an Evolutionary Perspective-An Empirically Based Hypothesis

OBJECTIVE: Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia have reduced fecundity and premature mortality (both accidental and violent) with no obvious compensatory advantages among kin. The prevalence of the disorder is around 0.7/1%, higher than the expected prevalence of spontaneous mutations. Genes favoring schizophrenia may have been positively selected in the environment of evolutionary adaptation. Literature on potential adaptive genes is reviewed within an evolutionary framework. METHODS: Literature search on major scientific search engine (PubMed/Medline, Ovid/PsychInfo) on papers aimed at investigating potential pathways justifying a mutation-selection balanced model. Findings are presented with a narrative touch to favor readability and understanding. RESULTS: Reduced incidence of cancer in both patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and their siblings was reported worldwide. Such findings are notable given higher cancer risk factors in schizophrenia, i.e., smoking, alcohol abuse, obesity, poor diet, and poor adherence to therapy. Some genes involved in cancer proliferation might as well confer protective advantage in immune-surveillance, inflammation, vascular proliferation or apoptosis that otherwise will adversely affect early neurodevelopment. CONCLUSION: Evidence that reduced risk of certain somatic diseases is associated with schizophrenia is quite significant to progress in the evolutionary epidemiological analysis of psychopathology

NASA Proof-of-Concept 1-W(sub e) Stirling Convertor Development for Small Radioisotope Power Systems

Low power Stirling convertors are being developed at NASA Glenn Research Center to provide future small spacecraft with electrical power by converting heat from one or more Light Weight Radioisotope Heater Units (LWRHU). An initial design converts multiple watts of heat to one watt of electrical power output using a Stirling convertor. A variety of mission concepts have been studied by NASA and the U. S. Department of Energy that would utilize low power Radioisotope Power Systems (RPS) for probes, landers, rovers, and repeaters. These missions would contain science instruments distributed across planetary surfaces or near objects of interest where solar flux is insufficient for using solar cells. Landers could be used to provide data such as, radiation, temperature, pressure, seismic activity, and other surface measurements for planetary science and to inform future mission planners. The studies propose using fractional versions of the General Purpose Heat Source or multiple LWRHUs to heat power conversion technologies for science instruments and communication. Dynamic power systems are capable of higher conversion efficiencies, which could enable equal power using less fuel or more power using equal fuel, when compared to less efficient static power conversion technologies. Providing spacecraft with more power would decrease duty cycling of basic functions and, therefore, increase the quality and abundance of science data. Efforts to develop the concept have focused on maturation of a 1-We convertor and controller design and performance evaluation of an evacuated metal foil insulation. A proof-of-concept 1-We convertor, controller, and evacuated metal foil insulation package have been fabricated and are undergoing characterization testing. The current status, findings, and path forward for the effort are explained in this paper

Paper Session I-B - Space Shuttle Payload Accommodations and Trends in Customer Demands

Current space policy limits the assignment of primary payloads on the Shuttle to those requiring manned presence or the unique capabilities of the Shuttle. While exceptions to these criteria have been allowed due to other compelling circumstances, it has essentially resulted in the removal of deployable satellites from the Shuttle manifest. In the pre-Challenger environment the Shuttle\u27s performance capabilities were efficiently utilized by co-manifesting NASA science experiments with commercial deployable satellites. The absence of these commercial payloads has resulted in a Shuttle manifest primarily oriented to science and technology payloads. The diverse on-orbit operational requirements of these payloads results in future shared cargo missions which are considerably lighter and more complex. This paper will review payload demands for Shuttle resources and services in the pre-Space Station Freedom (SSF) time frame. Requests for flight in both the Orbiter cargo bay and middeck will be considered. Factors limiting more efficient use of the Shuttle will also be discussed

Color camera computed tomography imaging spectrometer for improved spatial-spectral image accuracy

Computed tomography imaging spectrometers ("CTIS"s) having color focal plane array detectors are provided. The color FPA detector may comprise a digital color camera including a digital image sensor, such as a Foveon X3.RTM. digital image sensor or a Bayer color filter mosaic. In another embodiment, the CTIS includes a pattern imposed either directly on the object scene being imaged or at the field stop aperture. The use of a color FPA detector and the pattern improves the accuracy of the captured spatial and spectral information