155 research outputs found
Reading the Ruins: âComing Home,â Whartonâs Atrocity Story of the First World War
« Coming Home » est une des rares nouvelles Ă©crites par Edith Wharton sur la PremiĂšre Guerre mondiale. Cette nouvelle explore les moyens mis en Ćuvre pour reprĂ©senter la guerre et construire un rĂ©cit de guerre en sâappuyant sur un type de texte bien connu, le rĂ©cit dâatrocitĂ©s. Dans une Ćuvre Ă©crite plus tard, « Writing a War Story », Wharton fait la satire des publications populaires en temps de guerre Ă travers le portrait dâune femme de lettres sans envergure Ă qui le responsable dâune revue demande « une bonne histoire de tranchĂ©e bien Ă©mouvante, se terminant par un retour Ă la maison⊠et une scĂšne de NoĂ«l, si vous y arrivez ». La nouvelle « Coming Home » est bien Ă©loignĂ©e de cette caricature. Wharton y recourt Ă lâellipse et au non-dit pour faire sentir les ambiguĂŻtĂ©s de la violence et les horreurs de la guerre. En empruntant des Ă©lĂ©ments au rĂ©cit dâatrocitĂ©s et en introduisant dans son texte une multiplicitĂ© de perspectives et de voix, Wharton crĂ©e un texte lisible Ă plusieurs niveaux qui exige une interprĂ©tation active du lecteur. Cet article revient dâabord sur le rĂ©cit dâatrocitĂ©s comme genre et sur lâintĂ©rĂȘt que lui accorda Wharton, puis il propose une analyse dĂ©taillĂ©e du texte. Une des conclusions majeures est la suivante : en insĂ©rant entre les lignes du rĂ©cit dâatrocitĂ©s des questionnements sur les femmes, la dĂ©cadence, le patriarcat et la nature de la vĂ©ritĂ©, Wharton rĂ©ussit Ă utiliser et Ă remettre en question le genre de la nouvelle dâatrocitĂ©s
A mathematical framework for inverse wave problems in heterogeneous media
This paper provides a theoretical foundation for some common formulations of
inverse problems in wave propagation, based on hyperbolic systems of linear
integro-differential equations with bounded and measurable coefficients. The
coefficients of these time-dependent partial differential equations respresent
parametrically the spatially varying mechanical properties of materials. Rocks,
manufactured materials, and other wave propagation environments often exhibit
spatial heterogeneity in mechanical properties at a wide variety of scales, and
coefficient functions representing these properties must mimic this
heterogeneity. We show how to choose domains (classes of nonsmooth coefficient
functions) and data definitions (traces of weak solutions) so that optimization
formulations of inverse wave problems satisfy some of the prerequisites for
application of Newton's method and its relatives. These results follow from the
properties of a class of abstract first-order evolution systems, of which
various physical wave systems appear as concrete instances. Finite speed of
propagation for linear waves with bounded, measurable mechanical parameter
fields is one of the by-products of this theory
Reading the Ruins: âComing Home,â Whartonâs Atrocity Story of the First World War
« Coming Home » est une des rares nouvelles Ă©crites par Edith Wharton sur la PremiĂšre Guerre mondiale. Cette nouvelle explore les moyens mis en Ćuvre pour reprĂ©senter la guerre et construire un rĂ©cit de guerre en sâappuyant sur un type de texte bien connu, le rĂ©cit dâatrocitĂ©s. Dans une Ćuvre Ă©crite plus tard, « Writing a War Story », Wharton fait la satire des publications populaires en temps de guerre Ă travers le portrait dâune femme de lettres sans envergure Ă qui le responsable dâune revue demande « une bonne histoire de tranchĂ©e bien Ă©mouvante, se terminant par un retour Ă la maison⊠et une scĂšne de NoĂ«l, si vous y arrivez ». La nouvelle « Coming Home » est bien Ă©loignĂ©e de cette caricature. Wharton y recourt Ă lâellipse et au non-dit pour faire sentir les ambiguĂŻtĂ©s de la violence et les horreurs de la guerre. En empruntant des Ă©lĂ©ments au rĂ©cit dâatrocitĂ©s et en introduisant dans son texte une multiplicitĂ© de perspectives et de voix, Wharton crĂ©e un texte lisible Ă plusieurs niveaux qui exige une interprĂ©tation active du lecteur. Cet article revient dâabord sur le rĂ©cit dâatrocitĂ©s comme genre et sur lâintĂ©rĂȘt que lui accorda Wharton, puis il propose une analyse dĂ©taillĂ©e du texte. Une des conclusions majeures est la suivante : en insĂ©rant entre les lignes du rĂ©cit dâatrocitĂ©s des questionnements sur les femmes, la dĂ©cadence, le patriarcat et la nature de la vĂ©ritĂ©, Wharton rĂ©ussit Ă utiliser et Ă remettre en question le genre de la nouvelle dâatrocitĂ©s
Mouse Mammary Tumor-Like Virus Is Associated with p53 Nuclear Accumulation and Progesterone Receptor Positivity but not Estrogen Positivity in Human Female Breast Cancer
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Inflation and Dark Energy from spectroscopy at z > 2
The expansion of the Universe is understood to have accelerated during two
epochs: in its very first moments during a period of Inflation and much more
recently, at z < 1, when Dark Energy is hypothesized to drive cosmic
acceleration. The undiscovered mechanisms behind these two epochs represent
some of the most important open problems in fundamental physics. The large
cosmological volume at 2 < z < 5, together with the ability to efficiently
target high- galaxies with known techniques, enables large gains in the
study of Inflation and Dark Energy. A future spectroscopic survey can test the
Gaussianity of the initial conditions up to a factor of ~50 better than our
current bounds, crossing the crucial theoretical threshold of
of order unity that separates single field and
multi-field models. Simultaneously, it can measure the fraction of Dark Energy
at the percent level up to , thus serving as an unprecedented test of
the standard model and opening up a tremendous discovery space
LSST: from Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
(Abridged) We describe here the most ambitious survey currently planned in
the optical, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). A vast array of
science will be enabled by a single wide-deep-fast sky survey, and LSST will
have unique survey capability in the faint time domain. The LSST design is
driven by four main science themes: probing dark energy and dark matter, taking
an inventory of the Solar System, exploring the transient optical sky, and
mapping the Milky Way. LSST will be a wide-field ground-based system sited at
Cerro Pach\'{o}n in northern Chile. The telescope will have an 8.4 m (6.5 m
effective) primary mirror, a 9.6 deg field of view, and a 3.2 Gigapixel
camera. The standard observing sequence will consist of pairs of 15-second
exposures in a given field, with two such visits in each pointing in a given
night. With these repeats, the LSST system is capable of imaging about 10,000
square degrees of sky in a single filter in three nights. The typical 5
point-source depth in a single visit in will be (AB). The
project is in the construction phase and will begin regular survey operations
by 2022. The survey area will be contained within 30,000 deg with
, and will be imaged multiple times in six bands, ,
covering the wavelength range 320--1050 nm. About 90\% of the observing time
will be devoted to a deep-wide-fast survey mode which will uniformly observe a
18,000 deg region about 800 times (summed over all six bands) during the
anticipated 10 years of operations, and yield a coadded map to . The
remaining 10\% of the observing time will be allocated to projects such as a
Very Deep and Fast time domain survey. The goal is to make LSST data products,
including a relational database of about 32 trillion observations of 40 billion
objects, available to the public and scientists around the world.Comment: 57 pages, 32 color figures, version with high-resolution figures
available from https://www.lsst.org/overvie
The Dark Energy Survey : more than dark energy â an overview
This overview paper describes the legacy prospect and discovery potential of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) beyond cosmological studies, illustrating it with examples from the DES early data. DES is using a wide-field camera (DECam) on the 4 m Blanco Telescope in Chile to image 5000 sq deg of the sky in five filters (grizY). By its completion, the survey is expected to have generated a catalogue of 300 million galaxies with photometric redshifts and 100 million stars. In addition, a time-domain survey search over 27 sq deg is expected to yield a sample of thousands of Type Ia supernovae and other transients. The main goals of DES are to characterize dark energy and dark matter, and to test alternative models of gravity; these goals will be pursued by studying large-scale structure, cluster counts, weak gravitational lensing and Type Ia supernovae. However, DES also provides a rich data set which allows us to study many other aspects of astrophysics. In this paper, we focus on additional science with DES, emphasizing areas where the survey makes a difference with respect to other current surveys. The paper illustrates, using early data (from âScience Verificationâ, and from the first, second and third seasons of observations), what DES can tell us about the Solar system, the Milky Way, galaxy evolution, quasars and other topics. In addition, we show that if the cosmological model is assumed to be +cold dark matter, then important astrophysics can be deduced from the primary DES probes. Highlights from DES early data include the discovery of 34 trans-Neptunian objects, 17 dwarf satellites of the Milky Way, one published z > 6 quasar (and more confirmed) and two published superluminous supernovae (and more confirmed)
The Science Performance of JWST as Characterized in Commissioning
This paper characterizes the actual science performance of the James Webb
Space Telescope (JWST), as determined from the six month commissioning period.
We summarize the performance of the spacecraft, telescope, science instruments,
and ground system, with an emphasis on differences from pre-launch
expectations. Commissioning has made clear that JWST is fully capable of
achieving the discoveries for which it was built. Moreover, almost across the
board, the science performance of JWST is better than expected; in most cases,
JWST will go deeper faster than expected. The telescope and instrument suite
have demonstrated the sensitivity, stability, image quality, and spectral range
that are necessary to transform our understanding of the cosmos through
observations spanning from near-earth asteroids to the most distant galaxies.Comment: 5th version as accepted to PASP; 31 pages, 18 figures;
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1538-3873/acb29
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