Treatment of urinary incontinence after stroke in adults

Background: Urinary incontinence can affect 40-60% of people admitted to hospital after a stroke, with 25% still having problems on hospital discharge and 15% remaining incontinent at one year. Objectives: To determine the optimal methods for treatment of urinary incontinence after stroke in adults. Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Incontinence and Stroke Groups specialised registers (searched 15 March 2007 and 5 March 2007 respectively), CINAHL (January 1982 to January 2007), national and international trial databases for unpublished data, and the reference lists of relevant articles. Selection criteria: Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials evaluating the effects of interventions designed to promote continence in people after stroke. Data collection and analysis: Data extraction and quality assessment were undertaken by two reviewers working independently. Disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer. Main results: Twelve trials with a total of 724 participants were included in the review. Participants were from a mixture of settings, age groups and phases of stroke recovery. Behavioural interventions Three trials assessed behavioural interventions, such as timed voiding and pelvic floor muscle training. All had small sample sizes and confidence intervals were wide

Module-based quality system functionality evaluation in production logistics

Purpose: This paper addresses a comprehensive modeling and functionality evaluation of a module-based quality system in production logistics at the highest domain abstract level of business processes. Design/methodology/approach: All domain quality business processes and quality data transactions are modeled using BPMN and UML tools and standards at the business process and data modeling. A modular web-based prototype is developed to evaluate the models addressing the quality information system functionality requirements and modularity in production logistics through data scenarios and data queries. Findings: Using the object-oriented technique in design at the highest domain level, the proposed models are subject further development in the lower levels for the implementing case. The models are specifically able to manipulate all quality operations including remedy and control in a lot-based make-to-order production logistics system as an individual module. Practical implications: Due to the specification of system as domain design structure, all proposed BPMs, data models, and the actual database prototype are seen referential if not a solution as a practical “to-be” quality business process re-engineering template. Originality/value: this paper sets out to provide an explanatory approach using different practical technique at modeling steps as well as the prototype implementation.Peer Reviewe

The Swedish EITC and its effect on the employment rate

The thesis evaluates the Swedish EITC and its effect on the employment rate. The Swedish EITC was introduced in 2007 to encourage more people to enter the labor market. This will be evaluated with a difference-in-difference method. The fact that the tax rate in the municipality is an important part of the formula for the EITC will be used to form groups depending of the size of the tax rate. A municipality with a higher tax rate would experience a higher increase in the employment rate than those with a lower tax rate. It will be shown that there is a difference between groups with different tax rates. However, when controlling for long-term time trend, this effect is eliminated. This shows the difficulties of examining the Swedish EITC

The Swedish VAT reduction on restaurant services and its effect on the employment rate

Abstract The thesis is examines whether the VAT reduction for restaurant services imposed in Sweden on the first of January in 2012 affects the employment rate. A fixed effect panel data analysis was performed with total employment as dependent variable and correlated against groups of Swedish regions. The groups are classified depending on how large share of total employees that are working in the restaurant sector. It can be shown that those regions with a higher employment rate in the restaurant sector have experienced a lower decrease in employment than other regions

Designing in-vehicle gestural interfaces - Minimising visual distraction

The vehicle industry of today is always striving to introduce new innovations and new concepts are being presented by the week. The eager to always be the leading manufacturer within technology and infotainment may sometimes affect safety. This master thesis aimed to utilise gestural interfaces in order to minimise visual distraction when using in-vehicle infotainment systems. This is especially important due to touchscreens’ lack of tactility. The design process of the thesis has had a human-centered approach and involved potential users in each iteration, assu ha h us s’ c nc p i n and m n al m d l was ak n in consideration when design concepts were developed. During the project, a questionnaire regarding fast access to controls in a vehicle was used as a foundation. The process included a number of iterations to find an intuitive mapping between gestures and features in a vehicle and resulted in two concepts, which both were evaluated further. One of the two concepts was later considered the more promising one to continue development and testing with and was named GABI (Gesture Action Based Infotainment). The concept incorporated an underlying pattern to achieve inner logic and coherency, and thus simplify for users to learn and remember. The GABI prototype was lastly evaluated in a driving context, measuring learnability and experienced workload. Findings from the driving test indicated that the participants were able to learn the system with reasonably few iterations and were generally positive towards using the system. Conclusions from this thesis were that designs using gestures should conform to conventions whenever it is possible to do so. By providing an inner logic, users will learn the system faster and facilitate to make sense of the complex. Having done initial acceptance tests for GABI, more tests are necessary, to measure and compare the distraction and ensure safe interaction for the driver

Richard Pleijel, Om Bibel 2000 och dess tillkomst: Konsensus och konflikt i översättningsprocessen inom Bibelkommissionens GT-enhet

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Clinimetrics in rehabilitation medicine: current issues in developing and applying measurement instruments 1

Clinimetrics in rehabilitation medicine, i.e. the field of developing, evaluating and applying measurement instruments, has undergone considerable progress. Despite this progress, however, several issues remain. These include: (i) selection of an instrument out of the wide range available; (ii) using an instrument in a variety of diagnostic groups; (iii) using an instrument in individual patients, as opposed to a group of patients; and (iv) the use of instruments in clinical practice. This paper reviews these issues, as well as current attempts at resolving them. Illustrative examples are given. It is concluded that solutions seem to be available, but considerable research effort is required to make these a reality. Clinimetrics in rehabilitation medicine remains a field with challenging opportunities for researc

“Go Out from Your Sign”: Rashi to Genesis 15:5 as a Reference to Astrological Primary Direction – Its Background in Rabbinic Literature and Parallels in Abraham bar Ḥiyya

This article suggests that Rashi’s exegetical commentary to Gen 15:5, in which Abram counts the stars, is meant to invoke an association with the astrological technique known as Primary Directions (based on equating one degree of Right Ascension in the rotation of the earth around its axis with one year of life), which was one of the main methods of prognostication in pre-modern astrology – beginning already in Hellenistic times and quite central in Mediaeval astrological thinking. Rabbinic sources discussing the relevant biblical passage and the idea of Abraham as a supreme astrologer are analysed, along with parallel material from Abraham bar Ḥiyya and Ibn ʿEzrā. The article examines both what Rashi kept and what he removed from his Rabbinic sources, and elaborates on the role of astrological thinking in his milieu.   https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2020/v33n3a1