903 research outputs found
Altercentric bias in preverbal infants memory
Human infants would seem to face a daunting challenge in selecting what they should attend, encode and remember. We investigated whether early in life, infants might use others’ attention as an exploitable source of information filtering, by prioritizing the encoding of events that are co-witnessed with someone else over events witnessed alone. In a series of studies (n=255), we show that infants who can otherwise remember an object’s location, misremembered the object where another agent had seen it, even if infants themselves had subsequently seen the object move somewhere else. With further exploratory analyses, we also found that infants’ attention to the agent rather than the object seems to drive their memory for the object’s location. This series points to an initial encoding bias that likely facilitates information selection but which can, under some circumstances, lead to predictable memory errors
Understanding the self in relation to others: Infants spontaneously map another's face to their own at 16–26 months
The current study probed whether infants understand themselves in relation to others. Infants aged 16-26 months (n = 102) saw their parent wearing a sticker on their forehead or cheek, depending on experimental condition, placed unwitnessed by the child. Infants then received a sticker themselves, and their spontaneous behavior was coded. Regardless of age, from 16 months, all infants who placed the sticker on their cheek or forehead, placed it on the location on their own face matching their parent's placement. This shows that infants as young as 16 months of age have an internal map of their face in relation to others that they can use to guide their behavior. Whether infants placed the sticker on the matching location was related to other measures associated with self-concept development (the use of their own name and mirror self-recognition), indicating that it may reflect a social aspect of children's developing self-concept, namely their understanding of themselves in relation and comparison to others. About half of the infants placed the sticker on themselves, while others put it elsewhere in the surrounding, indicating an additional motivational component to bring about on themselves the state, which they observed on their parent. Together, infants' placement of the sticker in our task suggests an ability to compare, and motivation to align, self and others
Mutation of ornithine transcarbamylase (H136R) in a girl with severe intermittent orotic aciduria but normal enzyme activity
Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency shows X-linked inheritance with partial dominant expression in carrier females. We studied a girl with intermittent severe orotic aciduria and mild hyperammonaemia despite apparently normal enzyme activity in the liver. Sequence analysis of all 10 exons of the ornithine transcarbamylase gene revealed a novel a → G exchange (A502G) in exon 5 which changes His-136 to arginine in the ornithine transcarbamylase protein. Km values for carbamyl phosphate and ornithine determined in the patient's liver were comparable to those of wild-type enzyme but, unlike the wild-type enzyme, the mutant enzyme was unstable upon freezing and thawing. Electron microscopy revealed several giant mitochondria with paracrystalline inclusions. The results are compatible with the assumption that the mutant enzyme cannot form a functional complex with carbamyl phosphate synthetase and the ornithine carrier, resulting in decreased availability of substrates and diminished enzyme activity in viv
Weak Localization Effect in Superconductors by Radiation Damage
Large reductions of the superconducting transition temperature and
the accompanying loss of the thermal electrical resistivity (electron-phonon
interaction) due to radiation damage have been observed for several A15
compounds, Chevrel phase and Ternary superconductors, and in
the high fluence regime. We examine these behaviors based on the recent theory
of weak localization effect in superconductors. We find a good fitting to the
experimental data. In particular, weak localization correction to the
phonon-mediated interaction is derived from the density correlation function.
It is shown that weak localization has a strong influence on both the
phonon-mediated interaction and the electron-phonon interaction, which leads to
the universal correlation of and resistance ratio.Comment: 16 pages plus 3 figures, revtex, 76 references, For more information,
Plesse see http://www.fen.bilkent.edu.tr/~yjki
Consistency in scalable systems
[EN] While eventual consistency is the general consistency guarantee ensured in cloud environments, stronger guarantees are in fact achievable. We show how scalable and highly available systems can provide processor, causal, sequential and session consistency during normal functioning. Failures and network partitions negatively affect consistency and generate divergence. After the failure or the partition, reconciliation techniques allow the system to restore consistency.This work has been supported by EU FEDER and Spanish MICINN under research grants TIN2009-14460-C03-01 and TIN2010-17193.Ruiz Fuertes, MI.; Pallardó Lozoya, MR.; Muñoz-Escoí, FD. (2012). Consistency in scalable systems. En On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: OTM 2012. Springer Verlag (Germany). 7566:549-565. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33615-7_7S5495657566Ahamad, M., Bazzi, R.A., John, R., Kohli, P., Neiger, G.: The power of processor consistency. 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ACM, New York (2010), http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1807167.1807280Cholvi, V., Jiménez, E., Anta, A.F.: Interconnection of distributed memory models. J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. 69(3), 295–306 (2009)Cooper, B.F., Ramakrishnan, R., Srivastava, U., Silberstein, A., Bohannon, P., Jacobsen, H., Puz, N., Weaver, D., Yerneni, R.: PNUTS: Yahoo!’s hosted data serving platform. PVLDB 1(2), 1277–1288 (2008)Daudjee, K., Salem, K.: Lazy Database Replication with Ordering Guarantees. In: Proc. Int. Conf. Data Eng., pp. 424–435. IEEE-CS (2004)Daudjee, K., Salem, K.: Lazy Database Replication with Snapshot Isolation. In: Proc. Int. Conf. Very Large Data Bases, pp. 715–726. ACM (2006)DeCandia, G., Hastorun, D., Jampani, M., Kakulapati, G., Lakshman, A., Pilchin, A., Sivasubramanian, S., Vosshall, P., Vogels, W.: Dynamo: Amazon’s Highly Available Key-value Store. In: ACM Symp. Oper. Syst. Princ., pp. 205–220 (2007)Fernández, A., Jiménez, E., Cholvi, V.: On the interconnection of causal memory systems. J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. 64(4), 498–506 (2004)Gilbert, S., Lynch, N.A.: Brewer’s Conjecture and the Feasibility of Consistent, Available, Partition-Tolerant Web Services. ACM SIGACT News 33(2), 51–59 (2002)Goodman, J.R.: Cache Consistency and Sequential Consistency. Tech. Rep. 61, SCI Committee (March 1989)Gray, J., Helland, P., O’Neil, P.E., Shasha, D.: The Dangers of Replication and a Solution. In: Proc. ACM SIGMOD Int. Conf. Manage. Data, pp. 173–182. ACM (1996)Helland, P., Campbell, D.: Building on Quicksand. In: Proc. Bienn. Conf. Innov. Data Syst. Research (2009), www.crdrdb.orgHutto, P., Ahamad, M.: Slow Memory: Weakening Consistency to Enhance Concurrency in Distributed Shared Memories. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, pp. 302–311 (May 1990)Johnson, S., Jahanian, F., Shah, J.: The Inter-group Router Approach to Scalable Group Composition. In: ICDCS, pp. 4–14 (1999)Kraska, T., Hentschel, M., Alonso, G., Kossmann, D.: Consistency Rationing in the Cloud: Pay only when it matters. PVLDB 2(1), 253–264 (2009)Lamport, L.: How to Make a Multiprocessor Computer that Correctly Executes multiprocess programs. IEEE Trans. Computers 28(9), 690–691 (1979)Lipton, R.J., Sandberg, J.S.: Pram: A Scalable Shared Memory. Tech. Rep. CS-TR-180-88, Princeton University, Department of Computer Science (September 1988)Mosberger, D.: Memory Consistency Models. Operating Systems Review 27(1), 18–26 (1993)Ruiz-Fuertes, M.I., Muñoz-Escoí, F.D.: Refinement of the One-Copy Serializable Correctness Criterion. Tech. Rep. ITI-SIDI-2011/004, Instituto Tecnológico de Informática, Valencia, Spain (November 2011)Stonebraker, M., Madden, S., Abadi, D.J., Harizopoulos, S., Hachem, N., Helland, P.: The End of an Architectural Era (It’s Time for a Complete Rewrite). In: 33rd Intnl. Conf. on Very Large Data Bases (VLDB), pp. 1150–1160. ACM Press, Vienna (2007)Terry, D.B., Demers, A.J., Petersen, K., Spreitzer, M., Theimer, M., Welch, B.B.: Session Guarantees for Weakly Consistent Replicated Data. In: Proc. Int. Conf. Parallel Distrib. Inform. Syst., pp. 140–149. IEEE-CS (1994)Vogels, W.: Eventually Consistent. Communications of the ACM (CACM) 52(1), 40–44 (2009)VoltDB, Inc.: VoltDB technical overview: A high performance, scalable RDBMS for Big Data, high velocity OLTP and realtime analytics. Website (April 2012), http://voltdb.com/sites/default/files/PDFs/VoltDBTechnicalOverview_April_2012.pdfWiesmann, M., Schiper, A.: Comparison of Database Replication Techniques Based on Total Order Broadcast. IEEE T. Knowl. Data En. 17(4), 551–566 (2005
First Measurement of the Transverse Spin Asymmetries of the Deuteron in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
First measurements of the Collins and Sivers asymmetries of charged hadrons
produced in deep-inelastic scattering of muons on a transversely polarized
6-LiD target are presented. The data were taken in 2002 with the COMPASS
spectrometer using the muon beam of the CERN SPS at 160 GeV/c. The Collins
asymmetry turns out to be compatible with zero, as does the measured Sivers
asymmetry within the present statistical errors.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure
Судно с электроприводом от солнечной батареи
Объектом исследования является: Маломерное судно.
Цель работы: Проект солнечной электростанции с накопителями электрической энергии, способной обеспечивать бесперебойное электроснабжение электромотора за счет преобразования энергии солнца.
В процессе исследования проводились: расчет и выработки электрической энергии солнечными модулями, расчет и выбор емкости накопителей, разработка схемы солнечной электростанции, выбор оборудования солнечной электростанции, исследование динамических характеристик электропривода работающего от солнечной электростанции.The object of research is: a Small ship.
The purpose of the research is to design a solar power plant with electric energy storage devices capable of providing uninterruptedly power supply to an electric motor by converting the solar energy.
In the course of the research, the following activities were carried out: the calculation of electrical energy generation by solar modules, the calculation and selection of storage capacities, the development of a solar power plant scheme, selection of solar power plant equipment, study of the dynamic characteristics of an electric drive powered by a solar power plant
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Determinants of high electrical energy demand in UK homes: Appliance ownership and use
This paper provides an analysis of the appliance ownership and use factors contributing to high electrical energy demand in UK homes. The data were collected during a large-scale, city-wide survey, carried out in Leicester, UK, in 2009–2010. Annual electricity consumption and appliance ownership and use were established for 183 dwellings and an odds ratio analysis used to identify the factors that led to high electricity consumption. Many of the appliance ownership and use factors have not previously been studied for the UK domestic sector. The results of this study should be of key interest to government policy makers and energy supply companies interested in the underlying drivers of the highly positively skewed distribution of UK domestic electricity use. The study identifies those appliances that could be targeted for technical improvements or subjected to campaigns to encourage more energy efficient use in order to reduce electricity consumption among high demand households. This paper builds on earlier work by the current authors which identified the households (socio-demographic and dwelling characteristics) most likely to be high electricity consumers. The current work provides the basis for advice and guidance to those households that would enable them to, over time, reduce their electricity use
The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS)
The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) small explorer spacecraft
provides simultaneous spectra and images of the photosphere, chromosphere,
transition region, and corona with 0.33-0.4 arcsec spatial resolution, 2 s
temporal resolution and 1 km/s velocity resolution over a field-of-view of up
to 175 arcsec x 175 arcsec. IRIS was launched into a Sun-synchronous orbit on
27 June 2013 using a Pegasus-XL rocket and consists of a 19-cm UV telescope
that feeds a slit-based dual-bandpass imaging spectrograph. IRIS obtains
spectra in passbands from 1332-1358, 1389-1407 and 2783-2834 Angstrom including
bright spectral lines formed in the chromosphere (Mg II h 2803 Angstrom and Mg
II k 2796 Angstrom) and transition region (C II 1334/1335 Angstrom and Si IV
1394/1403 Angstrom). Slit-jaw images in four different passbands (C II 1330, Si
IV 1400, Mg II k 2796 and Mg II wing 2830 Angstrom) can be taken simultaneously
with spectral rasters that sample regions up to 130 arcsec x 175 arcsec at a
variety of spatial samplings (from 0.33 arcsec and up). IRIS is sensitive to
emission from plasma at temperatures between 5000 K and 10 MK and will advance
our understanding of the flow of mass and energy through an interface region,
formed by the chromosphere and transition region, between the photosphere and
corona. This highly structured and dynamic region not only acts as the conduit
of all mass and energy feeding into the corona and solar wind, it also requires
an order of magnitude more energy to heat than the corona and solar wind
combined. The IRIS investigation includes a strong numerical modeling component
based on advanced radiative-MHD codes to facilitate interpretation of
observations of this complex region. Approximately eight Gbytes of data (after
compression) are acquired by IRIS each day and made available for unrestricted
use within a few days of the observation.Comment: 53 pages, 15 figure
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