134 research outputs found
Processi stocastici âJump Diffusionâ. Aspetti statistici
Questa nota introduce ai problemi di filtraggio per soluzioni di equazioni differenziali stocastiche con input costituito da processi jumpâdiffusion. Si fa riferimento soprattutto al modello di R. Merton riguardante lâevoluzione nel tempo del prezzo di unâattivitĂ finanziaria
Vinnarnas Gemensamma NĂ€mnare
ArkitekttÀvlingar Àr ett moment inom arkitektprofessionen som handlar om att i en tÀvling med andra arkitekter Ästadkomma det bÀsta förslaget pÄ utformning, funktioner och anvÀndning av en plats eller byggnad. Vad krÀvs för att göra det? Den hÀr kandidatuppsatsen skrevs pÄ institutionen för stad och land, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet under vÄrterminen 2013 med avsikt att lÀra sig mer om tÀvlingar,
skapandet av högkvalitativa tÀvlingsförslag och hur man vinner arkitekttÀvlingar. Syftet var att genom en jÀmförande studie undersöka vad vinnande tÀvlingsförslag har gemensamt.
JÀmförelsen gjordes pÄ fem vinnande tÀvlingsförslag som matchade tre kriterier. De skulle vara aktuella, frÄn tÀvlingar huvudsakligen för landskapsarkitekter och med likartade tÀvlingsuppdrag gÀllande gestaltning av platser. De fem förslagen var:
» Flow. Leena Marjamaa, sivilarkitekt MNAL, Oslo. Fristadstorget i Eskilstuna, 2005.
» Ett MöjlighetsfÀlt. Polyform Arkitekter ApS. TÀby Torg, 2007.
» Alla Tiders Torg. SydvÀst Arkitektur och Landskap AB, samt Malmström Edström med flera. Visby Stora Torg, 2009.
» SOfFTA. White Arkitekter AB. Forumtorget i Uppsala, 2011.
» HjÀrta BollnÀs. KARAVAN Arkitektur & Landskap AB. Brotorget i BollnÀs, 2013.
Som metod anvĂ€ndes först litteraturstudier och samtal med ansvariga arkitekter för att samla in information, som dĂ€refter utnyttjades i metodutvecklingen av den egna metod som anvĂ€ndes vid jĂ€mförelsen av förslagen. Metoden var granskning och jĂ€mförelse av förslagens gestaltning och slutgiltiga presentation utifrĂ„n ett granskningsprotokoll som utgick frĂ„n fyra aspekter: Arkitektonisk gestaltning â
uttryck, Funktionalitet, Genomförbarhet och Presentation.
Resultatet visade pÄ Ätta likheter som gÀllde fyra eller fem av fem förslag.
Flexibilitet, belysningsfokus, geometriskt formsprÄk och sammanhÀngande markbelÀggning var likheter som överensstÀmde med samtliga förslag, medan specialdesignade sittmöbler, natt- och/eller vinterperspektiv, vattenrÀnna/
vattenspel och smÄ illustrationsbilder var nÄgot som fyra av fem vinnande tÀvlingsförslag hade med.
Betydelsen av resultatet och hur det kan anvÀndas diskuterade jag sedan ur tvÄ synvinklar. Dels kan man utnyttja de likheter som finns och se dem som knep för att vinna tÀvlingar, dels kan de ses som en tankestÀllare dÀr man kan fundera pÄ om tÀvlingsförslagen Àr för lika varandra och om tÀvlingsbestÀmmelserna skulle kunna utvecklas.
En slutsats Àr att det i tÀvlingar handlar mycket om att visa sÄ mycket som möjligt av sitt förslag och hur det ska fungera över Äret och dygnets alla timmar. För att göra det krÀvs ett genomtÀnkt och genomarbetat förslag dÀr man har funderat över platsens anvÀndning och funktion Àven under de tidpunkter dÄ det normalt Àr lÀgre aktivitet pÄ offentliga platser.Architectural design competitions are an element in the architectural profession where architects compete against each other to create the best competition entry containing the design as well as functions and use of a place or a building. What are the requirements to do that? This bachelor thesis was written at the Department of Urban and Rural Development at Swedish University of Agricultural
Sciences, with the intention of learning more about competitions, the creation of high-quality competition entries and how to win architectural competitions. The
aim was to examine what winning competitions entries have in common, through a comparative study.
The comparison was made on five winning competition entries that matched three criteria. They should be current, from competitions mainly for landscape architects and with similar competition assignments about designing places. The
five winning competition entries were:
» Flow. Leena Marjamaa, sivilarkitekt MNAL, Oslo. Fristadstorget i Eskilstuna, 2005.
» Ett MöjlighetsfÀlt. Polyform Arkitekter ApS. TÀby Torg, 2007.
» Alla Tiders Torg. SydvÀst Arkitektur och Landskap AB, samt Malmström Edström med flera. Visby Stora Torg, 2009.
» SOfFTA. White Arkitekter AB. Forumtorget i Uppsala, 2011.
» HjÀrta BollnÀs. KARAVAN Arkitektur & Landskap AB. Brotorget i BollnÀs,
2013.
The methods first used were literature studies and conversations with the architects accountable for the competition entries, to gather information for the development of a new method that was created and used to compare the competition entries. The new method was to review and compare the competition entriesâdesign and final presentation through an assessment report based on four aspects: Architectural design and expression, functionality, feasibility and presentation.
The results showed eight similarities that applied to the winning competition entries. Flexibility, lighting, geometrical design and coherent groundcovers were
similarities that were consistent on all of the entries, while specially-designed seating, night and/or winter perspective, flume/water feature and small illustration
images were similarities that applied on four out of five winning competition entries.
The significance of the result and how it can be used is then discussed from two viewpoints. First, one can take advantage of the result and see the similarities
as tricks to win competitions. Second, the result can be seen as a wake-up call that perhaps the competition entries are too similar and one needs to reflect on what to do about that. Perhaps the architectural competitions could be developed.
In conclusion, the result is that a competition entry should show as much as possible of the idea and design and how the place will work during the year and at all hours of the day. The entry has to be thoughtful and well elaborated and the uses and functions of the place, also the times when itâs normally lower activity on public places, to have been pondered and reflected upon
En tÀvlandes reflektioner : reflektioner om att tÀvla i en internationell arkitekttÀvling: LE:NOTRE Student Competition - (à TER)UpptÀcka Colentinas PÀrlband
In the profession of architects there is an element called architectural competitions,
where several architects compete in submitting the best solution for a certain task. In
this masterâs thesis I am studying the competitorâs perspective of an international
architectural competition, while at the same time gaining experiences for my future
career as a landscape architect. The aim of this thesis is to through an introspection of
my own process examine a competitors view of the international architectural
competition and how to approach the difficulties concerning international competitions.
Through that I hope obtain experience about the international competition as part of
the profession of landscape architects and other involved professions. To examine a
competitorâs reflection of an international competition, I entered and competed in
LE:NOTRE Student Competition, a competition for students where the task was to
develop 25 kilometers of complex urban periphery along a chain of natural and artificial
lakes in Bucharest, Romania. My working process contained a five step method of
Research - Conceptual ideas - Inventory - Analysis - Proposal where I went from knowing
nothing at all about the site and the task, to completing a proposal and submitting it in
the competition. The idea of my competition submission called Retain, Restore and
Revive, build upon the intentional purpose of the artificial lakes; to serve as water
supply, irrigation, fishing and primary leisure. Existing values will be retained, vacant
lands and available shores will be restored into green spaces and the entire area will be
revived with a new identity uniting people and attracting tourists. Discussing the
working process and the results, I bring up the difficulties in competing in an
international architectural competition and what experiences I obtained through my
introspection of my participation in a competition. I also discuss creating a competition
submission that is both innovative and unique and at the same time fulfills the aim and
requirements. Furthermore, I discuss the wider perspective of international architectural
competitions, if they contribute in creating high quality architecture or not and if they
may contribute in a global generalization of architecture and less cultural differences in
the long term. Lastly, I mention my own experience and development when completing
this competition and the masterâs thesis, how I have found myself as a landscape
architect and the harmony in designing.I arkitekters profession finns ett element som kallas arkitekttÀvlingar, dÀr flera arkitekter
tÀvlar i att hitta den bÀsta lösningen pÄ en viss uppgift. I detta examensarbete
undersöker jag den tÀvlandes perspektiv av en internationell arkitekttÀvling samtidigt
som jag skaffar mig erfarenheter inför min framtida karriÀr som landskapsarkitekt.
Syftet med examensarbetet Àr att genom en introspektion av min egen process
undersöka en tÀvlandes bild av den internationella arkitekttÀvlingen som en del av
landskapsarkitekters och andra involverades professioner. För att undersöka den
tÀvlandes perspektiv av en internationell tÀvling registrerade jag mig och deltog i
LE:NOTRE Student Competition, en tÀvling för studenter dÀr uppgiften var att utveckla
ett 25 kilometer komplex urban periferi lÀngs en kedja av naturliga och konstgjorda
sjöar i Bukarest, RumÀnien. Min arbetsprocess innehöll en femstegsmetod: Undersökning
- Konceptuella idéer - Inventering - Analys - Förslag, dÀr jag gick frÄn att inte veta
nÄgonting alls om platsen och uppgiften, till att fÀrdigstÀlla ett tÀvlingsförslag och
lÀmna in det i tÀvlingen. Idén med mitt tÀvlingsförslag kallat Retain, Restore and Revive
[Bevara, Restaurera, Förnya] bygger pÄ de konstgjorda sjöarnas ursprungssyfte; att
anvÀndas till vattenförsörjning, bevattning, fiske och framförallt rekreation och friluftsliv.
Befintliga vÀrden ska bevaras, tillgÀngliga omrÄden och strÀnder ska restaureras till
grönomrÄden och ska förnyas med en ny identitet som förenar mÀnniskor och
attraherar turister. I diskussionen behandlas arbetsprocessen och resultatet, dÀr jag tar
upp svÄrigheterna med att tÀvla i en internationell arkitekttÀvling och ville erfarenheter
jag införskaffade genom min introspektion av mitt deltagande i en tÀvling. Jag
diskuterar ocksÄ skapandet av ett tÀvlingsförslag som Àr bÄde innovativt och unikt och
samtidigt uppfyller det mÄl och de krav som finns. Vidare diskuteras det bredare
perspektivet av internationella arkitekttÀvlingar, om de bidrar till högre kvalitet eller inte
och om de kan bidra till en global generalisering av arkitektur och fÀrre kulturella
skillnader pÄ lÄng sikt. Till sist nÀmner jag mina egna erfarenheter och utveckling genom
att genomföra denna tÀvlingen och detta examensarbetet, hur jag har hittat mig sjÀlv
som landskapsarkitekt och harmonin i gestaltande
Free-floating car-sharing electrification and mode displacement: Travel time and usage patterns from 12 cities in Europe and the United States
Free-floating car-sharing (FFCS) allows users to book a vehicle through their phone, use it and return it anywhere within a designated area in the city. FFCS has the potential to contribute to a transition to low-carbon mobility if the vehicles are electric, and if the usage does not displace active travel or public transport use. The aim of this paper is to study what travel time and usage patterns of the vehicles among the early adopters of the service reveal about these two issues. We base our analysis on a dataset containing rentals from 2014 to 2017, for 12 cities in Europe and the United States. For seven of these cities, we have collected travel times for equivalent trips with walking, biking, public transport and private car. FFCS services are mainly used for shorter trips with a median rental time of 27 min and actual driving time closer to 15 min. When comparing FFCS with other transport modes, we find that rental times are generally shorter than the equivalent walking time but longer than cycling. For public transport, the picture is mixed: for some trips there is no major time gain from taking FFCS, for others it could be up to 30 min. For electric FFCS vehicles rental time is shorter and the number of rentals per car and day are slightly fewer compared to conventional vehicles. Still, evidence from cities with an only electric fleet show that these services can be electrified and reach high levels of utilization
Standards for quality? A critical appraisal of the Berlin Principles for international rankings of universities
Handling Uncertainty of Strategic AmbitionsâThe Use of Organizational Identity as a Risk-Reducing Device
Organizational identity can be designed to reduce the risks of uncertainty about future states of public organizations and the inherent potential issues related to evaluation and assessment. As such, organizational identity may shape a congruent and credible self-representation of the university, where a consistent narrative articulates compliance to diverse institutional frameworks, commitment to organizational distinctiveness, and a sensible rationale for strategic change. By examining the strategic plans of four European universities over a 10-year period of major organizational change, the paper discusses the subtleties of the specific combinations of the three different functions and the implications for institutional leadership
Fools, Facilitators and Flexians:Academic Identities in Marketised Environments
Employing the interdisciplinary field of health inequalities as a case study, this paper draws on interviews to explore subjective accounts of academic identities. It finds widespread acceptance that academia is a market place in which research-active careers require academics to function as entrepreneurs marketing ideas to funders. Beyond this, two contrasting aspirational identities emerged: academics seeking to work collaboratively with policy makers (âpolicy facilitatorsâ) and academics seeking to challenge dominant discourses (âShakespearean foolsâ). Most interviewees identified strongly with one or the other of these identities and few believed academia sufficiently supported their preference, although there was some consensus that recent changes were aiding âpolicy facilitatorâ roles. In intervieweesâ accounts of trying to pursue âShakespearean foolâ type roles in marketised environments, a further, chameleon-like identity emerged (âflexiansâ): academics producing malleable ideas that can be adapted for different audiences. In exploring these identities, the paper challenges the popular distinction between mode-1 and mode-2 research
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