Сіверський слід походження роду Мазеп

The seismic structure of Earth’s inner core is highly complex, displaying strong anisotropy and further regional variations. However, few seismic waves are sensitive to the inner core and fundamental questions regarding the origin of the observed seismic features remain unanswered. Thus, new techniques to observe different types of inner core waves are imperative to improve data coverage. Here, we detail our method for detecting exotic inner core phases such as PKJKP and PKIIKP, using inner core compressional waves as proof of concept. We use phase weighted stacking on long period data from a global distribution of stations, and employ several synthetic methods, including normal mode summation and SPECFEM, to identify and confirm the inner core phases. We present evidence for two observations of exotic inner core compressional waves, and apply the technique to a previously detected inner core shear wave. A possible new inner core shear wave remains unconfirmed. Additionally, we show how our method is important for rejecting potential observations, and distinguishing between waves with similar traveltime and slowness. The method is most successful for detecting exotic inner core compressional waves, and will provide a new approach for studying the compressional wave structures in the upper inner core

A low attenuation layer in the Earth's uppermost inner core

The attenuation structure of the Earth's inner core, in combination with the velocity structure, provides much insight into its rheological and mineralogical properties. Here, we use a large data set of PKIKP/PKiKP amplitude ratios to derive attenuation models for the upper 100 km of the inner core, incorporating the effects of velocity models calculated using the same data set. We confirm that the upper inner core is hemispherical in attenuation, with stronger attenuation in the east hemisphere. We also observe, for the first time, a low attenuation upper layer of approximately 30 km thickness throughout the top of the inner core. Attenuation increases beneath this layer, and then gradually decreases going deeper into the inner core. Although the data appear to show attenuation anisotropy below 57.5 km depth in the west, we find that this can be explained by the velocity models alone, with no requirement for attenuation anisotropy in the upper inner core

Аналіз фінансово-економічних передумов створення фінансового кластеру в західному регіоні України

У статті проведено аналіз фінансового забезпечення суб’єктів підприємницької діяльності Західного регіону України, визначено основні проблеми цього регіону і можливості їх вирішення шляхом створення фінансового кластеру. Запропоновано модель фінансового кластеру регіону та виділено основних потенційних учасників об’єднання.В статье проведен анализ финансового обеспечения субъектов предпринимательской деятельности Западного региона Украины, определены основные проблемы региона и возможности их решения путем создания финансового кластера. Предложена модель финансового кластера региона и выделены основные потенциальные участники объединения.The financial support of entrepreneurs in the Western region of Ukraine is analyzed in the article. The main problems of the region are identified and are proposed the methods to solve them developing a financial cluster. The model of financial cluster is proposed and the basic participants of association are selected

Inner core structure behind the PKP core phase triplication

The structure of the Earth's inner core is not well known between depths of ∼100–200 km beneath the inner core boundary. This is a result of the PKP core phase triplication and the existence of strong precursors to PKP phases, which hinder the measurement of inner core compressional PKIKP waves at epicentral distances between roughly 143 and 148°. Consequently, interpretation of the detailed structure of deeper regions also remains difficult. To overcome these issues we stack seismograms in slowness and time, separating the PKP and PKIKP phases which arrive simultaneously but with different slowness. We apply this method to study the inner core's Western hemisphere beneath South and Central America using paths travelling in the quasi-polar direction between 140 and 150° epicentral distance, which enables us to measure PKiKP–PKIKP differential traveltimes up to greater epicentral distance than has previously been done. The resulting PKiKP–PKIKP differential traveltime residuals increase with epicentral distance, which indicates a marked increase in seismic velocity for polar paths at depths greater than 100 km compared to reference model AK135. Assuming a homogeneous outer core, these findings can be explained by either (i) inner core heterogeneity due to an increase in isotropic velocity or (ii) increase in anisotropy over the studied depth range. Although this study only samples a small region of the inner core and the current data cannot distinguish between the two alternatives, we prefer the latter interpretation in the light of previous work

The letters of Ignacy Jan Paderewski as a source of knowledge concerning cultural relationships of Europe

The issue of the cultural relationships that have existed without doubt over the centuries between Central Europe, Eastern Europe and Western Europe also finds its reflection in, among other places, the correspondence of Ignacy Jan Paderewski, distinguished Polish pianist, composer and politician

Cost Optimization in the Construction Company

Diplomová práce se zaměřuje na vysvětlení a popis vybraných metod, používaných k optimalizaci nákladů ve stavebních podnicích. Hlavním cílem práce je aplikovat jednu vybranou metodu ve stavební společnosti a pomocí této metody doporučit změny, které povedou k optimalizaci nákladů. Firemní data byla, na základě stanovených ukazatelů, srovnána s daty veřejných institucí. Jednotlivé ukazatele byly postupně vyhodnoceny a v závěru doporučeny návrhy budoucích změn.This thesis focuses on the explanation and description of selected methods used to optimize the costs involved in the construction industry. The main objective of the work is to directly apply one chosen method at a given construction company and by use of this process recommend changes ultimately leading to cost optimization. Company data, based on defined indices, was compared with the data from public institutions. The merit of the indices were individually evaluated resulting in recommended proposals for future development.

GrowYourIC: a step towards a coherent model of the Earth's inner core seismic structure

A complex inner core structure has been well-established from seismic studies, showing radial and lateral heterogeneities at various length scales. Yet, no geodynamic model is able to explain all the features observed. One of the main limits for this is the lack of tools to compare seismic observations and numerical models successfully. We use here a new Python tool called GrowYourIC to compare models of inner core structure. We calculate properties of geodynamic models of the inner core along seismic ray paths, for random or user-specified datasets. We test kinematic models which simulate fast lateral translation, super-rotation, and differential growth. We explore first the influence on a real inner core data set, which has a sparse coverage of the inner core boundary. Such a data set is however able to successfully constrain the hemispherical boundaries due to a good sampling of latitudes. Combining translation and rotation could explain some of the features of the boundaries separating the inner core hemispheres. The depth shift of the boundaries, observed by some authors, seems unlikely to be modelled by a fast translation, but could be produced by slow translation associated to super-rotation

A doutrina de Hegel da “sociedade civil” e a economia política do Iluminismo Escocês Hegel’s doctrine of “civil society” and the political economy of the Scottish Enlightenment = La doctrina hegeliana de la “sociedad civil” y la economía política de la Ilustración escocesa

A Teoria da ‘Sociedade Civil’ de Hegel e a economia política do Iluminismo Escocês, a seção de Hegel sobre a Filosofia do Direito da ‘sociedade civil’ (§§ 182ss), revelam sua dívida para com o Iluminismo Escocês: Adam Ferguson, David Hume, Adam Smith, Sir James Steuart e outros. Essa dívida há muito atrai a atenção dos estudiosos. No entanto, novas edições de vários conjuntos de notas sobre as preleções de Hegel (por Ilting, Henrich, Arquivo Hegel) e o recente renascimento do interesse pelo Iluminismo Escocês mudaram fundamentalmente nossa percepção do impacto da influência escocesa em Hegel. Este artigo leva em conta essas mudanças e reexamina as seguintes questões: quem eram os autores que Hegel tinha em mente quando falava da nova ciência da economia política e quando estudou esses autores? Finalmente, que significado ainda possui a recepção da economia política por Hegel, especialmente para os países do Leste Europeu que agora abordam os problemas da ‘sociedade civil’

Karin Raude, Der Volksgeist bei Jacob Grimm

Ce livre est la version remaniée d’une thèse, dirigée à l’Université de Cologne par Hans-Peter Haferkamp, soutenue en 2019 et qui a obtenu le prix de la faculté de droit la même année. Le livre sort maintenant dans la collection prestigieuse de l’Institut Max Planck pour l’histoire du droit, publiée chez Klostermann à Francfort. Un travail sur Jacob Grimm (1785-1863) n’a guère besoin d’une justification, puisque son œuvre, souvent exécutée avec son frère cadet Wilhelm (1786-1859), notamment ..