YOUTH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND THE PROCESS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN LUBLIN PROVINCE, POLAND

The research was conducted on a randomly chosen group of 916 students aged 16-18 in Lublin Province, Poland. The research was carried out in 2016 using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the extended version, and supplemented with additional questions regarding the students’ assessment of physical education lessons. The majority of students (77.4%) meet the requirements for a high level of physical activity, with the remaining 16.5% demonstrating moderate and only 6.1% − low level. There were no significant reductions of physical activity visible in the older age group, although in subsequent periods (in 16-18 year-olds), it was successively lower. The mean level of total physical activity in boys was 65566 MET[1] - min week, and it was significantly higher than in girls, i.e. 5345,5 MET-min/week. The vast majority of students (92.2%) participate in school physical education classes, and over 75% think that they like these activities. Students enrolled in physical education classes demonstrate a higher level of total physical activity (5960.5MET-min/week), in contrast to the non-participating ones (5637,2MET-min/week); however, no significant relationship has been found. Furthermore, it has been shown that girls and boys were willing to get involved in different physical activities. Apart from PE classes, boys would mainly get involved in football (23.2%), volleyball (15.5%), table tennis (13.0%), and swimming (12.5%). Girls would instead choose volleyball (14.7%), football (12.6%), swimming (9.4%) and gymnastics (8.9%). This favourable image of physical activity of students in the Polish schools in Lublin Province can contribute to the discussion of the place of physical activities in the modern school educational process

Wizerunek Polski jako destynacji turystycznej w krajach głównych partnerów gospodarczych

The aim of the study is to determine the current image of Poland in the countries covered by the research of the Ministry of Economy that are important from an economic point of view. To achieve the article’s aim, we used Poland’s image studies, carried out by public and private research institutions.Poland is now a country without a clear and coherent image. The country is hospitable, cheap, with good cuisine, traditions, but still not an attractive tourist destination. The condition for the recovery of tourism is to develop and implement a strategy for the development of tourism from 2016 which would take into account the exchange of information and coherence in activities of the institutions responsible for the promotion of Poland abroad.Celem opracowania jest określenie aktualnego wizerunku Polski w krajach objętych badaniami Ministerstwa Gospodarki, istotnych z gospodarczego punktu widzenia. Do realizacji celu artykułu wykorzystano badania wizerunkowe Polski, przeprowadzone przez publiczne i prywatne instytucje badawcze.Polska jest obecnie krajem bez wyraźnego i spójnego wizerunku. To kraj gościnny, tani, z dobrą kuchnią, tradycjami, wciąż jednak nie stanowi atrakcyjnej destynacji turystycznej. W Polsce nie ma zintegrowanego systemu budowania wizerunku kraju na arenie międzynarodowej. Warunkiem ożywienia ruchu turystycznego jest opracowanie i wdrożenie strategii rozwoju turystyki od 2016 roku, która uwzględniałaby wymianę informacji i spójność w działaniach instytucji odpowiedzialnych za promocję Polski za granicą

Style wychowania w rodzinie a zadowolenie z siebie młodych kobiet wkraczających w dorosłe życie

Ze wstępu: "Znaczenie rodziny dla rozwoju i funkcjonowania jej członków budziło zainteresowanie badaczy od początku XX stulecia. Prowadzone badania dotyczyły takich zagadnień, jak wpływ stosunków w rodzinie na rozwój intelektualny dziecka, jego osiągnięcia szkolne, myślenie twórcze, skłonności do zaburzeń emocjonalnych, depresji, schizofrenii, narkomanii, zachowań aspołecznych i agresywnych. Przeprowadzone badania dostarczają wielu ważnych danych i dają możliwość wyciągnięcia interesujących wniosków. Jednakże zmiany społeczno-gospodarcze zachodzące w ostatnich latach skłaniają do spojrzenia na ten problem pod innym kątem. Przeobrażenia w świecie zewnętrznym wpływają na kształtowanie się nowych postaw i światopoglądów. Zmienia się struktura rodziny i sposoby jej funkcjonowania. Wszechobecny pośpiech i pogoń za sukcesem, w powiązaniu z ideologią konsumpcjonizmu i propagowaniem ideologii hedonistycznej, stwarzają sytuację, w której zmniejsza się częstotliwość kontaktów interpersonalnych, coraz mniej jest okazji do wspólnego spędzania czasu i wzajemnych rozmów. Wzrastają przy tym wymagania rodziców względem dzieci, zmusza się je do realizowania „rodzinnych skryptów”. Wszystko to razem tworzy nieznaną dotychczas sytuację rodzinną, w której znane - „stare” - style wychowania natrafiają na nowy grunt społeczno-kulturowy."(...

Rodzina w żałobie - wpływ doświadczenia utraty na funkcjonowanie rodziny jako systemu

Z wprowadzenia: "Śmierć kogoś bliskiego jest jednym z najbardziej tragicznych - jeśli nie najtragiczniejszym - zdarzeniem w życiu. Reakcja żalu po stracie rozpatrywana bywa zazwyczaj przede wszystkim w odniesieniu do jednostek - subiektywnego doświadczenia opłakującej zmarłego osoby; zdecydowanie mniej uwagi poświęca się żałobie ujmowanej z perspektywy funkcjonowania systemu rodzinnego jako pewnej spójnej i dynamicznej całości (złożonej z powiązanych ze sobą wzajemnie elementów, stanowiącej jednakże coś więcej niż tylko sumę części składowych). Jednym z powodów potrzeby uwzględnienia tej perspektywy jest fakt, że większość strat, jak i indywidualnych reakcji na nie, występuje w szerszym kontekście, który oddziałuje na sposób przeżywania żałoby i który sam, pod wpływem zmian związanych z utratą, ulega przekształceniom."(...

Serum anti-glycan antibodies in paediatric-onset Crohn's disease : association with disease phenotype and diagnostic accuracy

Introduction: Antibodies reacting with various microbial epitopes have been described in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and are associated with a specific diagnosis and clinical presentation. Aim: To evaluate the profile of new anti-glycan antibodies, their potential association with disease phenotype and diagnostic accuracy in paediatric Crohn’s disease (CD). Material and methods: Blood samples from 134 paediatric IBD patients (109 CD, 25 ulcerative colitis (UC)) and 67 controls were blindly analysed for anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA), anti-chitobioside carbohydrate (ACCA), anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate (ALCA), and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate (AMCA) antibodies using commercially available assays. The serological response to glycans was correlated with clinical disease characteristics. Results: At least one of the tested anti-glycan antibodies was present in 75% of CD patients. Despite the high frequency of reactivity to glycan epitopes, a limited overlap of serological markers was observed. In total, 49% of ASCA-negative patients presented with one of the following: ACCA, ALCA, or AMCA. The occurrence of one antibody from the anti-glycan panel was independently associated with complicated disease phenotype and ileocolonic disease location. A higher level of immune response as assessed by the quartile sum scores for ACCA, ALCA, and AMCA was linked with older age at diagnosis (10-17 years) and ileocolonic disease location. The ASCA had the greatest accuracy for diagnosis and differentiation of CD. Conclusions: Qualitative and quantitative serologicalal response to glycan epitopes was associated with distinct clinical presentation in paediatric CD patients. This raises the possibility for the use of these markers to differentiate subgroups of CD patients with more sever clinical presentation. The ASCA was the most accurate serological marker for CD; however, testing for the new anti-glycan antibodies may constitute an adjunctive tool in a specific group of patients to aid in the differentiation of CD with absent ASCA from ulcerative colitis

THE KNOWLEDGE ON LYME BORRELIOSIS AND OTHER TICK-BORNE DISEASES AMONG NURSING STUDENTS FROM POLAND AND SLOVAKIA

Tick-borne diseases are infectious diseases transmitted by the bites of infected ticks. The most common vector-borne disease in Europe is Lyme borreliosis (LB). The number of the reported cases of LB has been steadily increasing. For this reason, it is important to undertake educational activities in the field of tick-borne diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the level and scope of knowledge on tick-borne diseases among nursing students from Poland and Slovakia. The study sample consisted of 428 nursing students (192 students of the State School of Higher Education in Biała Podlaska, Poland and 236 students of the University in Presov, Slovakia). The knowledge of the surveyed students on tick-borne diseases is limited. Polish students demonstrated greater knowledge about LB, while students from Slovakia showed greater awareness of the threat posed by tick-borne encephalitis. Particularly worrying is the lack of knowledge on proper way of removal of a tick attached to the skin. Students recognize the need to broaden their knowledge on tick-borne diseases, which should be taken into consideration in realized studies curricula.

Machine Learning-Based Small Cell Location Selection Process, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2021, nr 2

In this paper, the authors present an algorithm for determining the location of wireless network small cells in a dense urban environment. This algorithm uses machine learning, such as k-means clustering and spectral clustering, as well as a very accurate propagation channel created using the ray tracing method. The authors compared two approaches to the small cell location selection process – one based on the assumption that end terminals may be arbitrarily assigned to stations, and the other assuming that the assignment is based on the received signal power. The mean bitrate values are derived for comparing different scenarios. The results show an improvement compared with the baseline results. This paper concludes that machine learning algorithms may be useful in terms of small cell location selection and also for allocating users to small cell base station

Comparative diagnostic value of the breath test and the urine test with ^{14}C-urea in the detection of the Helicobacter pylori infection

Among 92 patients with chronic gastritis we conducted a synchronous diagnosis of the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection using a culture and a serological test (IFP), in conjunction with breath and urine tests involving 14C-urea (BTU-C14 and UTU-C14). The infection was confirmed by isolation in 71 persons (77.2%), the presence of specific IgG in the blood serum was found in 75 (81.5%). In comparison, the BTU-C14 indicated a group of 77 people (83.7%) as infected, and the UTU-C14 a group of 76 (82.6%). In order to determine the diagnostic value (sensitivity, specificity and efficiency) of the latter tests, the results were compared with those of the culture and of the serological tests. It was found that the BTU-C14 test used showed a 100% sensitivity, a 89.5% specificity and a 97.9% efficiency. The UTU-C14 test showed a 100.0% sensitivity, a 94.4% specificity and a 98.9% efficiency in the detection of the H. pylori infection