SARS-CoV-2 : Información e impactos

Em Wuhan, China, no final do ano de 2019 ocorreu um surto de pneumonia viral de causa desconhecida, até que em 7 de Janeiro de 2020 foi identificado o agente etiológico desta doença pelo Centro Chinês de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças (CDC), em quese tratava de uma Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave por Coronavírus 2(SARS-CoV-2) conhecida como coronavírus 19(COVID-19). Esse vírus já infectou até o dia 01 de junhode 2021 cerca de 170.814.464pessoas, levando 3.551.884a óbito, além de gerar uma série de problemas sociais e econômicos no mundo. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo documentar informações referentes ao SARS-CoV-2 contidas na literatura cientifica, bem como, os impactos gerados na sociedade pelo novo coronavírus. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados:PubMed/MEDLINE,SciELOeBVSutilizando filtro de buscas de artigos a partirde Dezembro de 2019 a Maio de 2021, que são os meses que compreendem de estudos referente ao SARS-CoV-2. As buscas bibliográficas foram realizadas no mês de Maio de 2021 utilizando os descritores “COVID-19 and Impacts”, “COVID-19 and Information”, “Complication and COVID-19” e“COVID-19 and Fake News”. Foram levados em considerações apenas achados no idioma inglês (americano e britânico). Dessa forma, esperamos que este estudo reforce o conhecimento dos leitores com informações sobre a COVID-19 e seus impactos na sociedade, também se almeja mensurar e identificar o vasto material cientifico que já temos disponível na literatura.In Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019 there was an outbreak of viral pneumonia of unknown cause, until on January 7, 2020, the etiologic agent of this disease was identified by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in that it was a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) known as coronavirus 19 (COVID-19). Until June 1, 2021, this virus has infected around 170,814,464 people, causing 3,551,884 people to die, in addition to generating a series of social and economic problems in the world. Thus, this study aimed to document information regarding SARS-CoV-2 contained in the scientific literature, as well as the impacts generated on society by the new coronavirus. Searches were performed in the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO, and BVS using a search filter for articles from December 2019 to May 2021, which are the months that comprise studies related to SARS-CoV-2. Bibliographic searches were performed in May 2021 using the descriptors "COVID-19 and Impacts", "COVID-19 and Information", "Complication and COVID-19", and "COVID-19 and Fake News". Only findings in the English language (American and British) were taken into consideration. Thus, we hope that this study reinforces readers' knowledge with information about COVID-19 and its impacts on society. It also aims to measure and identify the vast scientific material that we already have available in the literature.En Wuhan, China, a finales de 2019 se produjo un brote de neumonía viral de causa desconocida, hasta que el 7 de enero de 2020 el agente etiológico de esta enfermedad fue identificado por el Centro Chino para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades (CDC) en el sentido de que fue un coronavirus 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-CoV-2) conocido como coronavirus 19 (COVID-19). Hasta el 1 de junio de 2021, este virus ha infectado a alrededor de 170.814.464 personas, provocando la muerte de 3.551.884 personas, además de generar una serie de problemas sociales y económicos en el mundo. Así, este estudio tuvo como objetivo documentar la información sobre el SARS-CoV-2 contenida en la literatura científica, así como los impactos generados en la sociedad por el nuevo coronavirus. Las búsquedas se realizaron en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO y BVSmediante un filtro de búsqueda de artículos desde Diciembre de 2019 hasta Mayo de 2021, que son los meses que comprenden los estudios relacionados con el SARS-CoV-2. Las búsquedas bibliográficas se realizaron en Mayo de 2021 utilizando los descriptores “COVID-19 and Impacts”, “COVID-19 and Information”, “Complication and COVID-19” y “COVID-19 and Fake News”. Solo se tomaron en consideración los hallazgos en el idioma inglés (americano y británico). Así, esperamos que este estudio refuerce el conocimiento de los lectores con información sobre COVID-19 y sus impactos en la sociedad, además de medir e identificar el vasto material científico que ya tenemos disponibleen la literatura

SARS-CoV-2 or Covid-19 : the search for alternative treatment for the new coronavirus

SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the Coronaviridae family and of the order Nidovirales, which has positive non-segmented RNA, of the enveloped type that causes a severe acute respiratory syndrome in humans, which has already infected more than 9 million people worldwide, leading to 496,075 deaths by June 27, 2020, making the search for alternative treatment for this pathogen urgent. Thus, this study aimed to conduct a bibliographic survey of research that presents treatment alternatives for the new coronavirus. Thus, a qualitative and descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, and a comparative analysis was carried out with the prospective results achieved as presented in a study carried out by Reis and collaborators. Publications from the last 7 months were considered, that is, from December 2019 to June 2020, the period in which studies of SARS-CoV-2 started. In this way, a total of 4,898 studies related to the treatment alternative for SARS-CoV-2 were found, in which the drugs remdesivir, atazanavir, favipiravir, EIDD-2801 and hydroxychloroquine associated with azithromycin stand out, where they presented attractive preliminary results and are recommended for clinical studies in humans as an alternative way of coping with the new coronavirus

Information and impacts generated on society by the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2

SARS-CoV-2 has been affecting the lives of thousands of people around the world, leading to the death of more than 745,000 people. There is still no effective treatment for this disease it leads to chaos in the public health and economy of the affected countries. Thus, this study aimed to collect information regarding SARS-CoV-2, as well as the impacts generated in society by the novel coronavirus. Thus, a prospective study of a qualitative and cross-sectional nature was carried out, with the searches being carried out between the months of December 2019 to August 2020, this is the period that comprises studies of SARS-CoV-2. The BVS, PubMed and DOAJ databases had the largest number of published studies with 2,506, 1,616 and 914, respectively. The scientific findings show an increasing number of papers with information on symptoms, diagnosis, comorbidities and possible treatments. The impacts recorded in the literature include weakness in health systems, weakening of the world economy, psychological and physical problems in people. Thus, efforts by the whole society, together with public authorities, are needed to develop measures that can resolve social and economic issues while there is no effective treatment for SARS-CoV-2

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Indicadores Microbiológicos de Solo em Pastagem com Aplicação Sucessiva de Dejetos De Suínos

RESUMO O uso de dejetos líquidos de suínos como fertilizante do solo é uma prática comum na Região Sul do Brasil. Apesar de ter benefícios na reutilização dos dejetos, essa prática apresenta sérios riscos ambientais. Os indicadores microbiológicos de qualidade do solo são bastante sensíveis e permitem o monitoramento das condições do ambiente edáfico. Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade microbiológica do solo de pastagens com diferentes históricos de uso sucessivo de dejetos líquidos de suínos. Determinaram-se o teor de C da biomassa microbiana, a respiração microbiana do solo, o quociente metabólico (qCO2) e a atividade das enzimas β-glicosidase, urease e hidrólise do diacetato de fluoresceína (FDA), em áreas de pastagem com uso de dejetos de suínos há dois anos (A2) e 14 anos (A14) e em área com mata nativa (MN). O uso sucessivo de dejetos de suínos em pastagem não influenciou o C da biomassa e a respiração microbiana do solo, que variaram conforme a época de coleta. O qCO2 não foi influenciado pelo uso de dejetos de suínos no solo; a atividade enzimática do solo foi influenciada pelo uso de dejetos de suínos, sendo que a urease e a FDA foram sensíveis na detecção de diferenças na atividade dos solos com uso de dejetos de suínos, enquanto a β-glicosidase não permitiu a diferenciação entre as áreas estudadas

Seminário de Dissertação (2024)

Página da disciplina de Seminário de Dissertação (MPPP, UFPE, 2022) Lista de participantes == https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1mrULe1y04yPxHUBaF50jhaM1OY8QYJ3zva4N4yvm198/edit#gid=