Diversidade, educação e relações étnico-raciais na CONAE-PR

Este artigo focaliza a relação entre diversidade e educação tratada na Conferência Estadual de Educação do Estado do Paraná (CONAE-PR). Compreende-se a diversidade a partir das propostas vindas dos movimentos sociais e outras esferas do espaço social como sendo um fator importante para o reconhecimento das diferenças e a superação das desigualdades. Foram definidos como objeto de análise o documento referência da II Conferência Nacional de Educação – CONAE  e as propostas para a CONAE-PR organizadas no Caderno de Emendas. A análise parte de uma discussão sobre o conceito de diversidade e suas expressões nos documentos e converge para as relações étnico-raciais, em especial as proposições dirigidas para o estabelecimento de igualdade étnico-racial e para buscar equalizar os resultados educacionais dos grupos de raça/cor brancos(as) e negros(as). No processo da análise revela-se um alongamento da agenda da diversidade, que se estendem nos diversos eixos, nas metas e estratégias para especificações que atendem a educação do campo, quilombolas, escolas indígenas, pessoas com deficiências, relação étnico-raciais, relações de gênero e orientação sexual.  Evidencia-se um debate muito intenso de posições inclusive antagônicas, que acabaram retirando propostas de promoção de igualdade étnico-racial. No entanto o que prevalece é a reafirmação e aumento das políticas educacionais voltadas para as minorias, em uma tendência que busca combinar políticas focais com avanços das políticas universalistas

Antibacterial activity of chitosan/collagen membranes containing red propolis extract

In this study we developed a mucoadhesive polymeric membrane wound dressing incorporating red propolis extract (HERP). Membranes were made using a casting method employing collagen, chitosan, polyethylene glycol (15, 20, and 30v%), and hydroethanolic extract of EtOH-H2O 70v% 30v% (v/v) of HERP (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5%). Membranes were extensively characterized to assess the thickness, pH, morphology using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), mechanical properties, swelling, in vitro mucoadhesion, cytotoxicity, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Assessment of the thickness and mechanical properties of the membranes containing HERP revealed that the most significant thickness obtained was 40.7 m; thermal analysis suggests suggesting the hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl groups of isoflavones and the free amine present in the region of chitosan. Cell viability decreased as the amount of HERP increased. Finally, the MICs were 7.8 and 1.9 g.mL1 for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, respectively. These results were suggesting that the 0.5 % HERP membrane has the potential for future studies for wound application.The authors wish to acknowledge Coordenação Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Sergipe (FAPITEC), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, #443238/2014-6, #470388/2014-5).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

POLUIÇÃO DE MEIOS HÍDRICOS

A conservação da água para nós seres vivos é muito importante, por esse motivo temos de nosconscientizar e trabalhar para que não haja total descuido com nossas fontes hídricas, cada vezmais, nossos rios e mares, cada vez mais, estão virando depósitos de sedimentos humanos nelesdepositados, estes sedimentos, que vão de móveis em desuso, a resíduos químicos depositados porgrandes empresas sem qualquer comprometimento ambiental. O trabalho em questão, tem comoobjetivo apresentar ao público informações relacionadas ao tema: poluição dos meios hídricos,mostraremos em formato de pôster informações sobre os meios hídricos que nos envolvem,apresentaremos dados de fontes hídricas, como por exemplo o Rio Tietê, que atualmente está serecuperando de décadas de desgaste por efeitos poluentes. Traremos também como parte desteprojeto, a montagem de um protótipo de filtro de água, já concluído, feito apenas com carvão,algodão, areia, garrafa pet e pequenas pedras, para que possamos mostrar como funciona umprocesso de filtragem simples

Microwave-Driven Hexagonal-to-Monoclinic Transition in BiPO4: An In-Depth Experimental Investigation and First-Principles Study

Present theoretical and experimental work provides an in-depth understanding of the morphological, structural, electronic, and optical properties of hexagonal and monoclinic polymorphs of bismuth phosphate (BiPO4). Herein, we demonstrate how microwave irradiation induces the transformation of a hexagonal phase to a monoclinic phase in a short period of time and, thus, the photocatalytic performance of BiPO4. To complement and rationalize the experimental results, first-principles calculations have been performed within the framework of density functional theory. This was aimed at obtaining the geometric, energetic, and structural parameters as well as vibrational frequencies; further, the electronic properties (band structure diagram and density of states) of the bulk and corresponding surfaces of both the hexagonal and monoclinic phases of BiPO4 were also acquired. A detailed characterization of the low vibrational modes of both the hexagonal and monoclinic polymorphs is key to explaining the irreversible phase transformation from hexagonal to monoclinic. On the basis of the calculated values of the surface energies, a map of the available morphologies of both phases was obtained by using Wulff construction and compared to the observed scanning electron microscopy images. The BiPO4 crystals obtained after 16–32 min of microwave irradiation provided excellent photodegradation of Rhodamine B under visible-light irradiation. This enhancement was found to be related to the surface energy and the types of clusters formed on the exposed surfaces of the morphology. These findings provide details of the hexagonal-to-monoclinic phase transition in BiPO4 during microwave irradiation; further, the results will assist in the design of electronic devices with higher efficiency and reliability

Silver nanoparticles-composing alginate/gelatine hydrogel improves wound healing in vivo

Polymer hydrogels have been suggested as dressing materials for the treatment of cutaneous wounds and tissue revitalization. In this work, we report the development of a hydrogel composed of natural polymers (sodium alginate and gelatin) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with recognized antimicrobial activity for healing cutaneous lesions. For the development of the hydrogel, different ratios of sodium alginate and gelatin have been tested, while different concentrations of AgNO3 precursor (1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mM) were assayed for the production of AgNPs. The obtained AgNPs exhibited a characteristic peak between 430450 nm in the ultraviolet-visible (UVVis) spectrum suggesting a spheroidal form, which was confirmed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) analysis suggested the formation of strong intermolecular interactions as hydrogen bonds and electrostatic attractions between polymers, showing bands at 2920, 2852, 1500, and 1640 cm1. Significant bactericidal activity was observed for the hydrogel, with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 0.50 µg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 53.0 µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus. AgNPs were shown to be non-cytotoxic against fibroblast cells. The in vivo studies in female Wister rats confirmed the capacity of the AgNP-loaded hydrogels to reduce the wound size compared to uncoated injuries promoting histological changes in the healing tissue over the time course of wound healing, as in earlier development and maturation of granulation tissue. The developed hydrogel with AgNPs has healing potential for clinical applications.This research received funding from the Coordenação Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Sergipe (FAPITEC), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, #443238/2014-6, #470388/2014-5), and from the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT) projects M-ERA-NET/0004/2015 (PAIRED) and UIDB/04469/2020 (strategic fund).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Correction: Diniz et al. Silver Nanoparticles-Composing Alginate/Gelatine Hydrogel Improves Wound Healing In Vivo. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 390

In the original publication, there was a mistake in Figure 6 as published [...]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Challenges and Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Cancer Patients

Cancer and cardiovascular disease are the leading causes of mortality in the world. The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and coronary artery disease in cancer patients is elevated, and it is associated with high mortality. Several mechanisms, such as the proinflammatory and procoagulant states present in cancer patients, may contribute to these scenarios. Oncological therapy can predispose patients to acute thrombosis, accelerated atherosclerosis and coronary spasm. Treatment decisions must be individualized and based on the cancer history and balancing bleeding and thrombosis risks

Flavonoid-enriched plant-extract-loaded emulsion: a novel phytocosmetic sunscreen formulation with antioxidant properties

The aim of this study was to develop a phytocosmetic sunscreen emulsion with antioxidant effect, containing a blend of flavonoid-enriched plant extracts. In vitro sun protection factor, antioxidant activity, skin irritation, photostability, cutaneous permeation, and retention of flavonoids were evaluated. Thermodynamically stable emulsions were obtained and tested for sensorial analysis after loading the blend of extracts. The selected emulsion was stable when stored at low temperatures (5 C), for which after 120 days the concentration of quercetin and rutin were above their limit of quantification, i.e., 2.8 ± 0.39 µg/mL and 30.39 ± 0.39 µg/mL, respectively. Spreadability, low rupture strength and adhesiveness were shown to be similar to a conventional topical product. Higher brittleness, pseudo-plastic, and viscoelastic behaviors were also recorded for the developed phytocosmetic sunscreen. The product presented a critical wavelength of 387.0 nm and ultraviolet rays A and B (UVA/UVB) rate of 0.78, confirming that the developed formulation shows capacity for UVA/UVB protection, protecting skin against damages caused by Ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Rutin was shown to permeate the skin barrier and was also quantified in the stratum corneum (3.27 ± 1.92 µg/mL) by tape stripping and retention test (114.68 ± 8.70 µg/mL). The developed flavonoid-enriched phytocosmetic was shown to be non-irritant to skin by an in vitro assay. Our results confirm the antioxidant activity, sun protection, and physical properties of the developed phytocosmetic for topical application.This research was funded by FAPESP (grant number 2015/25533‐7 and 2017/14757‐7), CAPES and CNPq. The authors also received support from the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT/MCT) and from European Funds (PRODER/COMPETE) under the project reference M‐ERA‐NET/0004/2015‐PAIRED, co‐financed by FEDER, under the Partnership Agreement PT2020, and PhD scholarship (SFRH/BD/130555/2017).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Characterizing Disabilities in Preschool Aged Children with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome with the ICF Model.

Understanding functioning and disabilities in children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) is essential for health planning. We describe disabilities present in children with CZS followed in a reference hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, based on the biopsychosocial model of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). This was a cohort study of children >3 years of age with CZS. Disability was characterized through outcomes related to ICF components assessed via clinical and motor development evaluations. Among 50 children, with a median age of 40 months, 47 (94%) presented with severe impairment and 46 (92%) had microcephaly. Damage to the head and neck was found in most children, with abnormal central nervous system imaging universally present. Most children had cognitive impairment (92%), muscle tone problems (90%), and speech deficits (94%). We found movement limitations in all categories but more pervasively (80-94%), in postural transfers and displacements. The main environmental factors identified in the ICF model were the use of products or substances for personal consumption and access to health services. Children with CZS have extremely high rates of disability beyond aged 3 years, particularly regarding motor activity. ICF-based models can contribute to the assessment of health domains