First Case of Systemic Coronavirus Infection in a Domestic Ferret (Mustela putorius furo) in Peru.

A domestic ferret from Lima, Peru, died after ten days of non-specific clinical signs. Based on pathology, immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis, ferret systemic coronavirus (FRSCV)-associated disease was diagnosed for the first time in South America. This report highlights the potential spread of pathogens by the international pet trade

Producción de leche y consumo de materia seca de vacas Holstein en lactación consumiendo dietas bajas en fibra en el trópico

Three stargrass silage (SGS)-based diets formulated to contain 20, 26 and 32% neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were compared as to their effect on dry matter intake (DMI) and milk production. Twelve lactating Holstein cows averaging 110 days in milk were arranged in four replications of a 3 x 3 Latin Square design. Treatments did not affect DMI or DMI as percentage of body weight (BW); mean values for these parameters were 15.4 kg/cow/day and 3.06%, respectively. However, cows consuming 32% NDF diet had a tendency toward lower (8.6%) intake of organic matter (OM) as percentage of BW than cows on the 20% NDF diet. Intake of NDF as a percentage of BW increased (P < 0.01) linearly (0.62 to 0.93%) as dietary NDF concentration increased. Milk production averaged 21.0 kg/cow/day and was not affected by dietary treatment. Reducing dietary NDF from 32 to 20% resulted in a reduction (P < 0.01) in milk fat from 3.09 to 2.66%.This reduction resulted in a 1.3 kg/cow/day increase (P < 0.05) in 3.25% fat-corrected milk (3.25% FCM) as the percentage of dietary NDF increased. Gross efficiency of energy (NEL) use for milk production and 3.25% FCM increased linearly with dietary NDF by 9.7 and 17.3%, respectively. Results point out that for mid-lactation cows at the observed level of production, diets lower than 32% NDF will not result in higher DMI and milk production, and will be less efficient in the use of energy for milk production.Se compararon tres dietas basadas en ensilaje de yerba estrella formuladas para contener 20, 26 y 32% de fibra detergente neutro (FDN) para evaluar su efecto sobre el potencial de consumo de materia seca (MS) y producción de leche de vacas Holstein a media lactancia (110 días). Las vacas se asignaron a tratamientos de acuerdo con un diseño de cuadrados latinos de 3 x 3, replicado cuatro veces. Los tratamientos no tuvieron efecto sobre el consumo de MS y MS a base del porcentaje de peso vivo (PV) de la vaca; los promedios generales fueron 15.4 kg/vaca/día y 3.06% del PV, respectivamente. Sin embargo, las vacas que consumieron la dieta con 32% FDN exhibieron una tendencia a un menor (8.6%) consumo de materia orgánica (MO) como porcentaje del PV comparado con la dieta con 20% FDN. El consumo de FDN como un porcentaje del PV aumentó (P < 0.01) linealmente de 0.62 a 0.93% según aumentó la concentración de FDN. El promedio de producción de leche fue 21.0 kg/vaca/día y éste no se afectó por los tratamientos. La reducción de 32 a 20% en la concentración de FDN resultó en una reducción (P < 0.01) en la concentración de grasa láctea de 3.09 a 2.66%. Como resultado hubo un aumento de 1.3 kg/vaca/día en la producción de leche corregida al 3.25% de grasa, según aumentó el FDN de 20 a 32%. Al aumentar la concentración de FDN de 20 a 32% la eficiencia de la utilización de la energía (NEL) para la producción de leche y leche corregida al 3.25% de grasa se incrementó en un 9.7% (P < 0.05) y 17.3% (P < 0.01), respectivamente. Según los resultados de este estudio a los niveles de producción observados, las dietas con menos de 32% de FDN no tendrán un efecto sobre el consumo de MS ni sobre la producción de leche integra, aún cuando estas dietas resultan en un mayor consumo de energía. Además, estas dietas son menos eficientes en el uso de energía para la producción de leche

Using the Language of Wellbeing in the Care of the Elderly in Mexico

The language we use with others derives from hidden assumptions about them and commands expectations and outcomes. That is why the constructs and language used in health services provided to the elderly are a worthwhile object of study.This paper addresses the language used in the services provided to the elderly population in Mexico and many other Latin-American countries. The psychological, linguistic and practical aspects of the wellbeing language paradigm are discussed. The linguistic analysis of the discourse used by health care providers conveys important implications to the kind, quality and purpose of intervention.It is argued that by using the language of wellness, health professionals are in a better position to listen and assess the degree of satisfaction and happiness, to explore for conditions that may promote or hinder quality of life, and also, they are in a better position for planning services to the elderly that reach beyond physical health and economic indicators.It is posited that quality of life in old age is incomplete without a sense of the patient’s wellbeing

Review of the safety of octocrylene used as an ultraviolet filter in cosmetics

Octocrylene or octocrilene is an organic ultraviolet (UV) filter which absorbs mainly UVB radiation and short UVA wavelengths. It is used in various cosmetic products to either provide an appropriate sun protection factor in sunscreen products or to protect cosmetic formulations from UV radiation. There is no discussion that UV filters are beneficial ingredients in cosmetics since they protect from skin cancer, but octocrylene has been recently incriminated to potentially induce adverse effects on the endocrine system in addition to having allergic and/or photoallergic potential. However, the substance has the advantage to work synergistically with other filters allowing a beneficial broad photoprotection, e.g. it stabilizes the UVA filter avobenzone (i.e. butylmethoxydibenzoylmethane). Like all chemicals used in cosmetics, the safety profile of octocrylene is constantly under assessment by the European Chemical Agency (ECHA) since it has been registered according to the European regulation Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals. Summaries of safety data of octocrylene are publicly available on the ECHA website. This review aims to present the main safety data from the ECHA website, as well as those reported in scientific articles from peer-reviewed journals. The available data show that octocrylene does not have any endocrine disruption potential. It is a rare sensitizer, photocontact allergy is more frequent and it is considered consecutive to photosensitization to ketoprofen. Based on these results, octocrylene can be considered as safe when used as a UV filter in cosmetic products at a concentration up to 10%

Cross-sectional survey of Good Samaritan behaviour by physicians in North Carolina

ObjectiveTo assess the responses of physicians to providing emergency medical assistance outside of routine clinical care. We assessed the percentage who reported previous Good Samaritan behaviour, their responses to hypothetical situations, their comfort providing specific interventions and the most likely reason they would not intervene.SettingPhysicians residing in North Carolina.ParticipantsConvenience sample of 1000 licensed physicians.InterventionMailed survey.DesignCross-sectional study conducted May 2015 to September 2015.Main outcome and measuresWillingness of physicians to act as Good Samaritans as determined by the last opportunity to intervene in an out-of-office emergency.ResultsThe adjusted response rate was 26.1% (253/970 delivered). 4 out of 5 physicians reported previous opportunities to act as Good Samaritans. Approximately, 93% reported acting as a Good Samaritan during their last opportunity. There were no differences in this outcome between sexes, practice setting, specialty type or experience level. Doctors with greater perceived knowledge of Good Samaritan law were more likely to have intervened during a recent opportunity (p=0.02). The most commonly cited reason for potentially not intervening was that another health provider had taken charge.ConclusionsWe found the frequency of Good Samaritan behaviour among physicians to be much higher than reported in previous studies. Greater helping behaviour was exhibited by those who expressed more familiarity with Good Samaritan law. These findings suggest that physicians may respond to legal protections

Health Services, Maternal Intrinsic and Socio-Cultural Factors and Perinatal Mortality

This study question was how significant the determination of health services, maternal intrinsic risk factors and socio-cultural factors on perinatal mortality. Its objective was to construct a model of perinatal mortality pattern by case-control design. The case population was all mothers with perinatal mortality. The sample-size was 35 by simple random sampling with case-control ratio of 1:1 (35:35). The data analysis applied Bivariate using Chi Square Test and Multivariate using Logistic Regression Test. The Bivariate Analysis Results found the risk-variables on Perinatal Mortality were Birth Attendant (OR=2.1; 1.63-2.7; 95%CI), Health Financing (OR=7.1; 1.82-27.8; 95% CI), Maternal Disease History (OR=8; 2.05-31.16; 95%CI), Perinatal History (OR=6.47; 2.26-18.55; 95%CI) and Custom (OR=2.17; 1.67-2.82; 95%CI). Multivariat Analysis found three consistent risk variables on Perinatal Mortality i.e.: Health Financing (p=0.016; OR=6.8; 95% CI), Maternal Disease History (p=0.006; OR=8.41; 95%CI) and Perinatal History (p=0.021; OR=4.3; 95%CI). It concluded that the most significant determinant on Perinatal Mortality was Maternal Disease History

Introduction of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandú for Milk Production, and Economic Results of a Buffalo Dairy

The effect of introducing Brachiaria brizanta cv. Marandú for forage upon milk production and economic results was evaluated on Tayabito buffalo dairy farm affiliated to Maraguán Livestock Center in Camagüey municipality, Cuba. To this purpose, a two-hectare B. brizanta grazing ground was introduced and its effect on milk production and quality was estimated by a Switch Back design with two treatments and six replicas each. Initially, female buffaloes lactation span was 122 ± 5,7 days. Forage balances were performed on native pastures and half the area with B. brizanta  grassland.  This new species  proved its suitability  by spreading  over 80 % of the 2 ha area after being planted. Concerning milk production during dry and rainy seasons, a significant increase was registered for B. brizanta compared to native pastures (over 0,54 and 0,83 l/animal/day for each season, respectively). Milk quality was not affected in either case. This farm forage production could supply current herd feeding needs by introducing 50 % grazing grounds of B. brizanta; besides, productive indexes could significantly improve

Assessment of motor coordination in primary education of Barcelona and province

El presente estudio tiene por objetivo valorar la coordinación motora de estudiantes de primaria de Barcelona y provincia. Para la evaluación se ha utilizado el test KTK en el que participaron 1254 personas, 670 niños y 584 niñas, de edades entre 7 y 10 años. Se realizó el análisis descriptivo y la comparación entre género y edad. Los resultados indican que más del 40% de la población estudiada presenta una coordinación por debajo de la normalidad, cerca de un 57% de la muestra fue clasificado con coordinación normal y solamente el 4,6% lo ha sido por encima de esta clasificación. Los chicos han presentado resultados significativamente mejores que las chicas. Los datos del estudio no permiten generalizar los resultados, sin embargo como es una muestra representativa, nos lleva a creer que la población de alumnos en educación primaria de Barcelona y su provincia tiene un nivel coordinativo por debajo del esperado para su edadThe present study aims to assess motor coordination of primary-school students of Barcelona and its province. For evaluation we used the KTK test. 1254 people, 670 boys and 584 girls with ages between 7 and 10 years participated in the study. Descriptive analysis and the comparison between gender and age were performed. The results indicate that about 40% of the population studied presents results below normal, around 57% were classified with normal coordination and only 4.6% has been above this rating. The boys have presented significantly better results than girls. The study data do not permit to generalize the results, however as a representative sample, it leads us to believe that the student population in elementary education from Barcelona and its province has a coordinative level below expected for their ageAgrupació de Recerca en Ciències de l’Educació. U

High school students' attitudes towards spiders: a cross-cultural comparison

Spiders are traditionally considered to be among the least popular of animals. Current evidence suggests that a negative attitude towards spiders could be influenced by both cultural and evolutionary pressures. Some researchers suggest that science education activities could positively influence students' perceptions of spiders. Their evidence is, however, ambivalent. Using a five-point score Likert-type questionnaire in which the items were developed in a similar way to four of Keller’s categories of attitude (scientistic, negativistic, naturalistic, and ecologistic) towards invertebrates, we compared the level of knowledge of and attitudes towards spiders of high school students from two countries, Slovakia (n = 354) and South Africa (n = 382). The students represented different cultures and followed dissimilar science education curricula. Only among the Slovakian students there was a statistically significant, but low correlation between knowledge and attitude (r = .30). The Slovakian students had less fear of spiders. The South African students scored higher in the categories of scientistic, naturalistic and ecologistic attitudes. Comparison of attitude towards spiders of indigenous Africans from coeducational Catholic schools revealed that, South African students have greater fear of spiders than Slovakian students, supporting the biological preparedness hypothesis. This hypothesis predicts a greater fear of spiders in South Africa than in Europe since several South African spiders possess venoms that are dangerous to humans. The results of this study are discussed from science education, cultural and evolutionary perspectives

Finding SQL Injection and Cross Site Scripting Vulnerabilities with Diverse Static Analysis Tools

The use of Static Analysis Tools (SATs) is mandatory when developing secure software and searching for vulnerabilities in legacy software. However, the performance of the various SATs concerning the detection of vulnerabilities and false alarm rate is usually unknown and depends on many factors. The simultaneous use of several tools should increase the detection capabilities, but also the number of false alarms. In this paper, we study the problem of combining several SATs to best meet the developer needs. We present results of analyzing the performance of diverse static analysis tools, based on a previously published dataset that resulted from the use of five diverse SATs to find two types of vulnerabilities, namely SQL Injections (SQLi) and Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), in 132 plugins of the WordPress Content Management System (CMS). We present the results based on well-established measures for binary classifiers, namely sensitivity and specificity for all possible diverse combinations that can be constructed using these 5 SAT tools. We then provide empirically supported guidance on which combinations of SAT tools provide the most benefits for detecting vulnerabilities with low false positive rates