Physico-chemical and rheological properties of prato cheese during ripening

The influence of storage temperature (6, 12 and 18°C) on texture parameters of Prato cheese were evaluated during 22 days of ripening. A reduction of firmness, gumminess and elasticity was observed; however, cohesiveness and adhesiveness increased. With the increasing temperature, firmness and gumminess reduced, whereas the elasticity, cohesiveness and adhesiveness did not change. It can be concluded that storage temperature influences the texture profile of Prato cheese which present differences in the evaluated parameters during 22 days of ripening.Keywords: Cheese ripening, hard cheese, colour, texture profile analysis

Pleosporales

One hundred and five generic types of Pleosporales are described and illustrated. A brief introduction and detailed history with short notes on morphology, molecular phylogeny as well as a general conclusion of each genus are provided. For those genera where the type or a representative specimen is unavailable, a brief note is given. Altogether 174 genera of Pleosporales are treated. Phaeotrichaceae as well as Kriegeriella, Zeuctomorpha and Muroia are excluded from Pleosporales. Based on the multigene phylogenetic analysis, the suborder Massarineae is emended to accommodate five families, viz. Lentitheciaceae, Massarinaceae, Montagnulaceae, Morosphaeriaceae and Trematosphaeriaceae

BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR

O presente estudo busca reunir informações acerca da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, demonstrando que essa Base define as competências e conhecimentos essenciais para orientar a formação do aluno de ensino médio.  O presente artigo tem por finalidade, expor analise com referencia a capacidade da BNCC de orientar os alunos na escolha das áreas de formação e dos itinerários formativos, após um levantamento de pesquisas por meio do Google Acadêmico e varias leituras em relação a BNCC.  O artigo expõe as analises feitas com base nas propostas da BNCC, de opiniões e criticas de profissionais da educação,  no sentido de esmiuçar os meandros da nova fase da educação no Brasil, que passará por transformações no anos vindouros, seja na parte de metodologia do ensino, seja na área do desenvolvimento pedagógico. Tema que no momento traz preocupações, sobre a autonomia das redes de ensino em construir e disponibilizar seus próprios currí­culos.  O estudo concluiu que É importantí­ssimo que os alunos compreendam cada competência, é importante também conversar sobre cada uma delas, discutir com os alunos o que eles estão aprendendo, e porque estão aprendendo, para que entendam o sentido, a importância de cada área de formação e que possam estar abertos a colaborar para que juntos os estudantes possam ajudar a desenvolver o coletivo, sendo protagonistas de suas historias. Se torna muito importante o diálogo e as discussões sobre os projetos polí­ticos pedagógicos das escolas com todos os professores, gestores e colaboradores, para que a concepção de educação possa ser compreendida e incorporada, tornar-se salutar, aproveitar este momento para reflexão sobre a formação do ser humano que é  o aluno nesta fase da sua vida.This study seeks to gather information about the Common National Curriculum Base, demonstrating that this Base defines the skills and knowledge essential to guide the education of high school students. This article aims to expose analysis with reference to the ability of BNCC to guide students in choosing areas of training and training itineraries, following a survey through Google Scholar and various readings in relation to BNCC. The article exposes the analyzes made based on BNCC proposals, opinions and criticisms of education professionals, in order to scrutinize the intricacies of the new phase of education in Brazil, which will undergo changes in the coming years, either in the methodology part of the program. teaching, whether in the area of "‹"‹pedagogical development. A topic that currently raises concerns about the autonomy of education networks in building and making their own curricula available. The study concluded that It is very important that students understand each competency, it is also important to talk about each competency, discuss with students what they are learning, and why they are learning, so that they understand the meaning, the importance of each area of "‹"‹training. and that they can be open to collaborate so that together students can help develop the collective, being protagonists of their stories. It is very important the dialogue and discussions about the pedagogical political projects of schools with all teachers, managers and collaborators, so that the conception of education can be understood and incorporated, become healthy, take this moment to reflect on the formation of the human being who is the student at this stage of his life.Este estudio busca recopilar información sobre la Base de Currí­culo Nacional Común, demostrando que esta Base define las habilidades y conocimientos esenciales para guiar la educación de los estudiantes de secundaria. Este artí­culo tiene como objetivo exponer el análisis con referencia a la capacidad de BNCC para guiar a los estudiantes en la elección de áreas de capacitación e itinerarios de capacitación, siguiendo una encuesta a través de Google Scholar y varias lecturas en relación con BNCC. El artí­culo expone los análisis realizados en base a las propuestas, opiniones y crí­ticas de BNCC a los profesionales de la educación, con el fin de analizar las complejidades de la nueva fase de la educación en Brasil, que sufrirá cambios en los próximos años, ya sea en la parte metodológica del programa. enseñanza, ya sea en el área del desarrollo pedagógico. Un tema que actualmente plantea preocupaciones sobre la autonomí­a de las redes educativas en la construcción y puesta a disposición de sus propios planes de estudio. El estudio concluyó que es muy importante que los estudiantes entiendan cada competencia, también es importante hablar sobre cada competencia, discutir con los estudiantes lo que están aprendiendo y por qué están aprendiendo, para que entiendan el significado, la importancia de cada área de capacitación. y que pueden estar abiertos a colaborar para que juntos los estudiantes puedan ayudar a desarrollar el colectivo, siendo protagonistas de sus historias. Es muy importante el diálogo y las discusiones sobre los proyectos polí­ticos pedagógicos de las escuelas con todos los docentes, gerentes y colaboradores, para que la concepción de la educación se pueda comprender e incorporar, volverse saludable, aproveche este momento para reflexionar sobre la formación. del ser humano que es el estudiante en esta etapa de su vida

Hypomineralized Second Primary Molars as Predictor of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization

Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a developmental defect of dental enamel that shares features with hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPM). Prior to permanent tooth eruption, second primary molars could have predictive value for permanent molar and incisor hypomineralization. To assess this possible relationship, a cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 414 children aged 8 and 9 years from the INMA cohort in Valencia (Spain). A calibrated examiner (linear-weighted Kappa 0.83) performed the intraoral examinations at the University of Valencia between November 2013 and 2014, applying the diagnostic criteria for MIH and HSPM adopted by the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry. 100 children (24.2%) presented MIH and 60 (14.5%) presented HSPM. Cooccurrence of the two defects was observed in 11.1% of the children examined. The positive predictive value was 76.7% (63.9-86.6) and the negative predictive value 84.7% (80.6-88.3). The positive likelihood ratio (S/1-E) was 10.3 (5.9-17.9) and the negative likelihood ratio (1-S/E) 0.57 (0.47-0.68). The odds ratio was 18.2 (9.39-35.48). It was concluded that while the presence of HSPM can be considered a predictor of MIH, indicating the need for monitoring and control, the absence of this defect in primary dentition does not rule out the appearance of MIH

LAMA2 gene mutation update: Toward a more comprehensive picture of the laminin-α2 variome and its related phenotypes

Congenital muscular dystrophy type 1A (MDC1A) is one of the main subtypes of early-onset muscle disease, caused by disease-associated variants in the laminin-α2 (LAMA2) gene. MDC1A usually presents as a severe neonatal hypotonia and failure to thrive. Muscle weakness compromises normal motor development, leading to the inability to sit unsupported or to walk independently. The phenotype associated with LAMA2 defects has been expanded to include milder and atypical cases, being now collectively known as LAMA2-related muscular dystrophies (LAMA2-MD). Through an international multicenter collaborative effort, 61 new LAMA2 disease-associated variants were identified in 86 patients, representing the largest number of patients and new disease-causing variants in a single report. The collaborative variant collection was supported by the LOVD-powered LAMA2 gene variant database (https://www.LOVD.nl/LAMA2), updated as part of this work. As of December 2017, the database contains 486 unique LAMA2 variants (309 disease-associated), obtained from direct submissions and literature reports. Database content was systematically reviewed and further insights concerning LAMA2-MD are presented. We focus on the impact of missense changes, especially the c.2461A > C (p.Thr821Pro) variant and its association with late-onset LAMA2-MD. Finally, we report diagnostically challenging cases, highlighting the relevance of modern genetic analysis in the characterization of clinically heterogeneous muscle diseases.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Peripheral leukocyte profile in people with temporal lobe epilepsy reflects the associated proinflammatory state

INTRODUCTION: Markers of low-grade peripheral inflammation have been reported amongst people with epilepsy. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are unknown. We attempted to characterize peripheral immune cells and their activation status in people with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and healthy controls. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty people with TLE and 19 controls were recruited, and peripheral blood lymphocyte and monocyte subsets evaluated ex vivo by multi-color flow cytometry. People with TLE had higher expression of HLA-DR, CD69, CTLA-4, CD25, IL-23R, IFN-γ, TNF and IL-17 in CD4(+) lymphocytes than controls. Granzyme A, CTLA-4, IL-23R and IL-17 expression was also elevated in CD8(+) T cells from people with TLE. Frequency of HLA-DR in CD19(+) B cells and regulatory T cells CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) producing IL-10 was higher in TLE when compared with controls. A negative correlation between CD4(+) expressing co-stimulatory molecules (CD69, CD25 and CTLA-4) with age at onset of seizures was found. The frequency of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) cells was also positively correlated with age at onset of seizures. CONCLUSION: Immune cells of people with TLE show an activation profile, mainly in effector T cells, in line with the low-grade peripheral inflammation

Biodegradative mechanism of the brown rot basidiomycete Gloeophyllum trabeum: evidence for an extracellular hydroquinone-driven fenton reaction

AbstractWe have identified key components of the extracellular oxidative system that the brown rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum uses to degrade a recalcitrant polymer, polyethylene glycol, via hydrogen abstraction reactions. G. trabeum produced an extracellular metabolite, 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone, and reduced it to 2,5-dimethoxyhydroquinone. In the presence of 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone, the fungus also reduced extracellular Fe3+ to Fe2+ and produced extracellular H2O2. Fe3+ reduction and H2O2 formation both resulted from a direct, non-enzymatic reaction between 2,5-dimethoxyhydroquinone and Fe3+. polyethylene glycol depolymerization by G. trabeum required both 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone and Fe3+ and was completely inhibited by catalase. These results provide evidence that G. trabeum uses a hydroquinone-driven Fenton reaction to cleave polyethylene glycol. We propose that similar reactions account for the ability of G. trabeum to attack lignocellulose

Drosophila errantiviruses

Retroelements with long-terminal repeats (LTRs) inhabit nearly all eukaryotic genomes. During the time of their rich evolutionary history they have developed highly diverse forms, ranging from ordinary retrotransposons to complex pathogenic retroviruses such as HIV-I. Errantiviruses are a group of insect endogenous LTR elements that share structural and functional features with vertebrate endogenous retroviruses. The errantiviruses illustrate one of the evolutionary strategies of retrotransposons to become infective, which together with their similarities to vertebrate retroviruses make them an attractive object of research promising to shed more light on the evolution of retroviruses

Mining geriatric assessment data for in-patient fall prediction models and high-risk subgroups

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Hospital in-patient falls constitute a prominent problem in terms of costs and consequences. Geriatric institutions are most often affected, and common screening tools cannot predict in-patient falls consistently. Our objectives are to derive comprehensible fall risk classification models from a large data set of geriatric in-patients' assessment data and to evaluate their predictive performance (aim#1), and to identify high-risk subgroups from the data (aim#2).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A data set of n = 5,176 single in-patient episodes covering 1.5 years of admissions to a geriatric hospital were extracted from the hospital's data base and matched with fall incident reports (n = 493). A classification tree model was induced using the C4.5 algorithm as well as a logistic regression model, and their predictive performance was evaluated. Furthermore, high-risk subgroups were identified from extracted classification rules with a support of more than 100 instances.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The classification tree model showed an overall classification accuracy of 66%, with a sensitivity of 55.4%, a specificity of 67.1%, positive and negative predictive values of 15% resp. 93.5%. Five high-risk groups were identified, defined by high age, low Barthel index, cognitive impairment, multi-medication and co-morbidity.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our results show that a little more than half of the fallers may be identified correctly by our model, but the positive predictive value is too low to be applicable. Non-fallers, on the other hand, may be sorted out with the model quite well. The high-risk subgroups and the risk factors identified (age, low ADL score, cognitive impairment, institutionalization, polypharmacy and co-morbidity) reflect domain knowledge and may be used to screen certain subgroups of patients with a high risk of falling. Classification models derived from a large data set using data mining methods can compete with current dedicated fall risk screening tools, yet lack diagnostic precision. High-risk subgroups may be identified automatically from existing geriatric assessment data, especially when combined with domain knowledge in a hybrid classification model. Further work is necessary to validate our approach in a controlled prospective setting.</p