Descentralização da coleta de materiais biológicos para exames laboratoriais no Hospital da Polícia Militar do Paraná

Orientador: Americo Augusto Nogueira VieiraMonografia(Especializaçao) - Universidade Federal do Paraná,Setor de Ciencias Sociais Aplicadas, Curso de Especializaçao Estrategias em Segurança PublicaResumo: Este trabalho descreve a necessidade de modernização e atualização do sistema de coleta de materiais biológicos no Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Hospital da Polícia Militar do Paraná, com a criação de unidades de postos de coleta em Batalhões ou Companhias localizadas em bairros mais afastados do HPM e na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba. Com isto possibilita-se uma melhora no atendimento a população miliciana e seus dependentes, contribuindo para uma gradativa evolução na qualidade de vida deste grupo populacional

Dados de pesquisa subjacentes a artigos científicos: questões do direito autoral

This article examines copyright issues related to research data underlying scientific journal articles. The analysis is made on a background of the opening and sharing of research data, an operation that also includes collaborative practices at the international level. Such practices can run into different types of legal protection, of different national laws, of different cultures and interpretations, which end up generating areas of difference that can inhibit the reuse of underlying data. In this way, we carry out a study of copyright as a possible protection of research data, from the perspective of scientific communication. For this purpose, bibliographical and documentary research were carried out. The bibliography in the PubMed Central repository, of the National Library of Medicine of the National Institutes of Health of the United States, in articles from biomedical and biological sciences journals, and in other bibliographic databases that house scientific journals in these areas, such as the Capes Journal Portal, Springer Link, among others. The documentary research consisted of consultations on European Union copyright, sui generis rights on databases and protection of personal data laws; United States copyright law; Brazilian laws that regulate copyright and the protection of personal data; and the Brazilian Constitution. It is concluded that the copyright, naturalized and, at the same time, little researched as a forming element of the scientific area, probably proves to be inadequate to regulate legal relations in the scientific universe whose raw material is the production of knowledge.Este artigo analisa questões do direito autoral relacionadas a dados de pesquisa subjacentes a artigos de revistas científicas. A análise é feita tendo como pano de fundo a abertura e o compartilhamento de dados de pesquisa, operação que também comporta práticas colaborativas em nível internacional. Tais práticas podem esbarrar em diversos tipos de proteção jurídica, de diferentes legislações nacionais, de cultura e interpretações distintas, que acabam gerando áreas de diferença que podem inibir o reúso de dados subjacentes. Desta forma, efetuamos um estudo do direito autoral como possível proteção de dados de pesquisa, sob a perspectiva da comunicação científica. Para tanto, foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográfica e documental. A bibliográfica incluiu livros e artigos nas áreas jurídica, biomédica e biológica, por meio de buscas no repositório PubMed Central da Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina do National Institutes of Health dos Estados Unidos e em outras bases bibliográficas que abrigam periódicos dessas áreas, como o Portal de Periódicos da Capes, Springer Link, entre outras. A pesquisa documental consistiu em consultas a leis sobre direitos autorais, direitos sui generis sobre bases de dados e proteção a dados pessoais da União Europeia; lei de direitos autorais dos Estados Unidos; leis brasileiras que regulam o direito autoral e a proteção a dados pessoais; e a Constituição brasileira. Conclui-se que o direito autoral, naturalizado e, ao mesmo tempo, pouco pesquisado como elemento formador da área científica, revela-se provavelmente inadequado para regular relações jurídicas no universo científico cuja matéria-prima é a produção de conhecimento

The difference between breeding for nutrient use efficiency and for nutrient stress tolerance

This study aimed to verify the relationship between breeding for tolerance to low levels of soil nutrients and for nutrient use efficiency in tropical maize. Fifteen inbred lines were evaluated in two greenhouse experiments under contrasting levels of N and P. The relationship between nutritional efficiency and tolerance to nutritional stress was estimated by the Spearman ranking correlation between the genotypes for the traits related to N and P use efficiency and phenotypic plasticity indices. The lack of relationship between the traits, in magnitude as well as significance, indicates that these characters are controlled by different gene groups. Consequently, simultaneous selection for both nutrient use efficiency and tolerance to nutritional stress is possible, if the mechanisms that confer efficiency and tolerance are not competitive

Explorando produtos naturais microbianos nas fronteiras da Química e da Biologia

The chemistry of natural products has been remarkably growing in the past few decades in Brazil. Aspects related to the isolation and identification of new natural products, as well as their biological activities, have been achieved in different laboratories working on this subject in the country. More recently, the introduction of new molecular biology tools has strongly influenced the research on natural products, mainly those produced by microorganisms, creating new possibilities to assess the chemical diversity of secondary metabolites. This paper describes some ideas on how the research on natural products can have a considerable input from molecular biology in the generation of chemical diversity. We also explore the role of microbial natural products in mediating interspecific interactions and their relevance to ecological studies. Examples of the generation of chemical diversity are highlighted by using genome mining, mutasynthesis, combinatorial biosynthesis, metagenomics, and synthetic biology, while some aspects of microbial ecology are also discussed. The idea to bring up this topic is linked to the remarkable development of molecular biology techniques to generate useful chemicals from different organisms. Here, we focus mainly on microorganisms, even though similar approaches have also been applied to the study of plants and other organisms. Investigations in the frontier of chemistry and biology require interactions between different areas, characterizing the interdisciplinarity of this research field. The necessity of a real integration of chemistry and biology is pivotal to finding correct answers to a number of biological phenomena. The use of molecular biology tools to generate chemical diversity and control biosynthetic pathways is largely explored in the production of important biologically active compounds. Finally, we briefly comment on the Brazilian organization of research in this area, the necessity of new strategies for the graduation programs, and the establishment of networks as a way of organization to overcome some of the problems faced in the area of natural products

Exploring microbial natural products in the frontiers of Chemistry and Biology

The chemistry of natural products has been remarkably growing in the past few decades in Brazil. Aspects related to the isolation and identification of new natural products, as well as their biological activities, have been achieved in different laboratories working on this subject in the country. More recently, the introduction of new molecular biology tools has strongly influenced the research on natural products, mainly those produced by microorganisms, creating new possibilities to assess the chemical diversity of secondary metabolites. This paper describes some ideas on how the research on natural products can have a considerable input from molecular biology in the generation of chemical diversity. We also explore the role of microbial natural products in mediating interspecific interactions and their relevance to ecological studies. Examples of the generation of chemical diversity are highlighted by using genome mining, mutasynthesis, combinatorial biosynthesis, metagenomics, and synthetic biology, while some aspects of microbial ecology are also discussed. The idea to bring up this topic is linked to the remarkable development of molecular biology techniques to generate useful chemicals from different organisms. Here, we focus mainly on microorganisms, even though similar approaches have also been applied to the study of plants and other organisms. Investigations in the frontier of chemistry and biology require interactions between different areas, characterizing the interdisciplinarity of this research field. The necessity of a real integration of chemistry and biology is pivotal to finding correct answers to a number of biological phenomena. The use of molecular biology tools to generate chemical diversity and control biosynthetic pathways is largely explored in the production of important biologically active compounds. Finally, we briefly comment on the Brazilian organization of research in this area, the necessity of new strategies for the graduation programs, and the establishment of networks as a way of organization to overcome some of the problems faced in the area of natural products.15771586Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

A new long-term composite drug delivery system based on thermo-responsive hydrogel and nanoclay

Several problems and limitations faced in the treatment of many diseases can be overcome by using controlled drug delivery systems (DDS), where the active compound is transported to the target site, minimizing undesirable side effects. In situ-forming hydrogels that can be injected as viscous liquids and jellify under physiological conditions and biocompatible clay nanoparticles have been used in DDS development. In this work, polymer–clay composites based on Pluronics (F127 and F68) and nanoclays were developed, aiming at a biocompatible and injectable system for long-term controlled delivery of methylene blue (MB) as a model drug. MB release from the systems produced was carried out at 37◦C in a pH 7.4 medium. The Pluronic formulation selected (F127/F68 18/2 wt.%) displayed a sol/gel transition at approx. 30◦C, needing a 2.5 N force to be injected at 25◦C. The addition of 2 wt.% of Na116 clay decreased the sol/gel transition to 28◦C and significantly enhanced its viscoelastic modulus. The most suitable DDS for long-term application was the Na116-MB hybrid from which, after 15 days, only 3% of the encapsulated MB was released. The system developed in this work proved to be injectable, with a long-term drug delivery profile up to 45 days.publishersversionpublishe

Coumarins and alkaloids from Rauia resinosa (rutaceae)

The genus Rauia, that is poorly chemically studied, belongs to the Rutaceae family. This family has been known to contain a large variety of secondary metabolites. Our phytochemical investigation of the stem and leaves of Rauia resinosa has led to the identification of the structurally related coumarins: murralongin (1), murrangatin (2), munomicrolin (3), murrangatin diacetate (4), umbelliferone (5), rauianin (6) and one novel coumarin: 3-ethylrauianin (7); the alkaloids: N-methyl-4-methoxy-2-quinolone (8), mirtopsine (9), dictamine (10), γ-fagarine (11), skimmianine (12), Z-dimethylrhoifolinate (13), zantodioline (14), zantobungeanine (15), veprissine (16), one novel alkaloid 7-hydroxy-8-methoxy-N-methylflindersine (17) and 8-hydroxy-N-methylflindersine (18) that is described as a natural product for the first time, and a mixture of steroids: as sitosterol and stigmasterol.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

PRODUCTIVE FOREST RECOVERY IN LEGAL RESERVE AREA: A CASE STUDY IN EASTERN AMAZON

This study aimed to evaluate a model for Legal Reserve (LR) recovery based on a mixed timber production system (planting + natural regeneration) in the eastern Amazon, state of Pará. For data collection, seven plots of 50 m x 20 m were established, and all individuals with DBH (diameter at breast height) ≥ 5 cm were inventoried. Species diversity, horizontal structure, and commercial wood production were assessed at 13 years of age. A total of 103 species were found, distributed among 69 genera and 33 families. The population density was 1,425 individuals per hectare, and dominance corresponded to 19.45 m².ha-1. The total wood volume was 121.4 m³.ha-1, with 63.3 m³.ha-1 coming from the planted species (S. parahyba var. amazonicum) and 58.1 m³.ha-1 from natural regeneration. Among the regenerating species, Cecropia distachya showed the highest values for the evaluated parameters. The adopted model showed potential for use in LR environmental recovery, reconciling this action with revenue generation through silvicultural interventions that can be applied to the stand, aiming for wood production. To achieve this, adjustments to the regulations governing the forest management of recovering areas are necessary