Experimental study of magneto-inertially driven, differentially rotating plasma flows

This thesis presents experimental results from a novel laboratory platform to produce high-energy-density rotating plasmas implemented at the MAGPIE pulsed-power generator. The experiments are probed using a combination of self-emission imaging, laser interferometry and Thomson Scattering diagnostics. Two configurations of the experiment were implemented, demonstrating control of the amount of angular momentum in the flow. Rotating plasma flows are produced by the convergence of eight ablation flows generated from a cylindrical wire array Z pinch, which are azimuthally deflected by an external magnetic field. The ablation flows provide mass, angular momentum and confining ram pressure. The resulting plasma density structure is characterized by a higher density thin shell (e.g., with electron density $n_e = (5\pm 1)\times10^{17}$ cm$^{-3}$ in the initial experiments) surrounding a low density core (e.g., $n_e = (1.0\pm 0.2)\times10^{17}$ cm$^{-3}$), supported by the centrifugal barrier introduced by angular momentum. The results demonstrate the formation of a differentially rotating plasma flow. In the initial (low angular momentum experiments), the rotation velocity $u_\theta = 23.9 \pm 2.1$ km/s; whereas in the increased angular momentum experiments, $u_\theta = 39.0 \pm 2.9$ km/s. The plasma undergoes between 0.5 to 2 full rotations in the experimental time-frame, with the inner region completing more revolutions. It is also discovered that the rotation profile corresponds to a quasi-Keplerian stratification, meaning that it is expected to be hydrodynamically stable whilst being unstable under the magneto-rotational instability. However, no evidence of the instability was observed, probably due to the absence of out-of-plane magnetic fields.Open Acces

¿Qué desafíos presenta el Sínodo de la Amazonía a la teología? Pensar el problema desde los posibles retos al estatuto epistemológico de la teología

The challenges that the Synod of the Amazon presents to theology are worked on the horizon of the question of the epistemological status of theology, based on the use of some metaphors used by the texts of the Synod. This work requires the assumption of a key to intertextual reading and a method that justifies the centrality of metaphors and their dynamic lending in relation to the theological foundation («everything is related», «integral ecology», «indigenous mysticism»). The metaphors used by the synodal documents give theology something to think about in relation to its internal constitution. They open the way for it to be understood in a different way. This is the case of: ecclesiology, the proper of theological language, the conversions and attitudes for the work of theology, the place of rituality and the value of the local in relation to the intellectus of the mystery and the deposit of faith, interculturality and synodality, among others.Los desafíos que el Sínodo de la Amazonía presenta a la teología son trabajados en el horizonte de la pregunta por el estatuto epistemológico de la teología, a partir del uso de algunas metáforas empleadas por los textos del Sínodo. En este trabajo se requiere asumir una clave de lectura intertextual y un método que justifique la centralidad de las metáforas y su dinamismo de préstamo con relación a la fundamentación teológica («todo está relacionado», «ecología integral», «mística indígena»). Las metáforas empleadas por los documentos sinodales dan qué pensar a la teología con relación a su constitución interna. Le abren el camino para comprenderse de otra manera. Ese es el caso de: la eclesiología, lo propio del lenguaje teológico, las conversiones y actitudes para el quehacer de la teología, el lugar de la ritualidad y el valor de lo local con relación al intellectus del misterio y al depósito de la fe, la interculturalidad y la sinodalidad, entre otros. &nbsp

El método en la investigación entre Teología y Neurociencias. El caso de la experiencia de la unidad y vínculo de la conciencia

La experiencia de unidad y vínculo de la conciencia como categoría articuladora del encuentro entre teología y neurociencia, realiza en sí misma el qué y el cómo de un giro en la comprensión sobre el método del encuentro entre los campos de lenguajes antes evocados. Hay elementos comunes al diálogo teología y ciencia y otros elementos específicos propios del caso investigado. Ponerlos en evidencia fue pertinente para pasar de la indagación de un problema fundamental hacia un fundamento del problema que subyace en la categoría articuladora y que tiene la capacidad de lanzar a la teología a otros horizontes del investigar. Pero, este proceso de la investigación solo podía llevarse a cabo abriendo paso mediante la puesta en escena del método con sus respectivas claves epistemológicas y hermenéuticas

La carne vulnerable como fuente primera y constitutiva de la teología : el testimonio teológico de la carne, articulado con una visión neurocientífica evolutiva

"La carne vulnerable como fuente primera y constitutiva de la teología. Articulación del testimonio teológico de la carne con una visión neurocientífica evolutiva", es un trabajo investigativo que buscar articular la teología en clave de carne con una visión de las neurociencias, sin desconocer que tal encuentro afecta la especificidad interna de la teología (racionalidad epistémica, fuentes, método y objeto). Los conceptos claves de dicha articulación son el 'ser como proyecto', y, 'la carne como relacionalidad, sensibilidad y experiencia'. Para lograr este trabajo se asumió una clave metódica que posibilitara el pensar (tal clave fue la perspectiva del organismo viviente); y una clave hermenéutica que sirviera de condición de posibilidad de la comprensión (tal clave fue la carne como hermenéutica fundante). El texto está compuesto de tres partes: a) el testimonio teológico fundamental (la realización de la carne en un arco entre el Antiguo y Nuevo Testamento); b) una visión neurocientífica evolutiva y su aporte a la comprensión de la carne; y c) la articulación entre el testimonio teológico de la carne y una visión neurocientífica, de cara a un volver a pensar la especificidad interna de la teología. De esta manera, el discurso teje los argumentos de una teología cuya fuente primera y constitutiva es la carne: una carne testimoniada por la Escritura, la Tradición y el Magisterio (donde Escritura, Tradición y Magisterio no son fuentes, sino, transmisoras); una carne que posibilita una experiencia de Dios a partir de la autonomía del mundo y de la materia en evolución."Vulnerable flesh as the first and constituent source of theology. Articulation of theological testimony of the flesh with an evolutionary neuroscience", is an investigative work that seeks to articulate theology in the flesh with a vision of the neurosciences, without ignoring that such an encounter affects the internal specificity of theology (epistemic rationality, sources, method and object). The key concepts of this articulation are 'being as a project', and, 'the flesh as relationality, sensitivity and experience'. To achieve this work, a methodical key was assumed to enable thinking (such a key was the perspective of the living organism); and a hermeneutic key that served as a condition of the possibility of understanding (such key was the flesh as the founding hermeneutic). The text is composed of three parts: a) the fundamental theological testimony (the realization of the flesh in an arch between the Old and New Testaments); b) an evolutionary neuroscientific vision and its contribution to the understanding of the flesh; and c) the articulation between the theological testimony of the flesh and a neuroscientific vision, in order to re-think the internal specificity of theology. In this way, the discourse weaves the arguments of a theology whose first and constitutive source is the flesh: a flesh witnessed by Scripture, Tradition and Magisterium (where Scripture, Tradition and Magisterium are not sources, but transmitters); a flesh that enables an experience of God from the autonomy of the world and the evolving matter.Doctor en TeologíaDoctorad

Leisure and Procrastination, a Quest for Autonomy in Free Time Investments: Task Avoidance or Accomplishment?

The purpose of the research was to analyze procrastination - a problem of time management that negatively affects the autonomy of people - in relation to leisure as a domain of everyday life. Specifically, the dynamics between leisure (activities and time invested - weekly frequency and duration of activity) and procrastination factors were studied. A sample of 185 university students (118 men and 67 women: Mage = 20.77 years, SDage = 2.53) answered a procrastination scale - validated for the Spanish population - which refers to four factors of procrastination (dilatory behaviors, indecision, lack of punctuality, and lack of planning) and an adaptation of the Time Budget (TB) (a table where the participants were asked to specify 'the three activities that you prefer to do when you are not studying or doing a paid job'). Results show that leisure activities are associated with factors of procrastination. As a matter of fact, the different factors of procrastination were related to specific types of leisure activities, depending on the weekly frequency of the activity or its duration. In this sense, there are cases in which the greater frequency of leisure activities (hobbies and computing, social life and entertainment) seems to contain - control, inhibit - procrastination (specifically, affecting its component of indecision) variations in the weekly frequency and duration of certain type of activities result in higher or lower scores on certain factors of procrastination. In sum, the time invested in leisure can protect from or inhibit delaying tasks - which implies enhancing the autonomy of people - a deduction that opens up new lines of research to identify optimal time investments for coping with procrastination

ER Dysfunction and Protein Folding Stress in ALS

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most frequent paralytic disease in adults. Most ALS cases are considered sporadic with no clear genetic component. The disruption of protein homeostasis due to chronic stress responses at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the accumulation of abnormal protein inclusions are extensively described in ALS mouse models and patient-derived tissue. Recent studies using pharmacological and genetic manipulation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), an adaptive reaction against ER stress, have demonstrated a complex involvement of the pathway in experimental models of ALS. In addition, quantitative changes in ER stress-responsive chaperones in body fluids have been proposed as possible biomarkers to monitor the disease progression. Here we review most recent advances attributing a causal role of ER stress in ALS

University Students' Motives-for-Physical-Activity Profiles: Why They Practise and What They Get in Terms of Psychological Need Satisfaction

Podeu consultar les dades primàries de l'article a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/171472Podeu consultar l'article a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/176635Physical activity (PA) is an important habit for overall health and quality of life, but it tends to recede as young adults transition from high school into university. The present study sought to understand, in the case of university students that still practice PA, their motives for PA and their relationships with psychological need satisfaction (PNS) and characteristics of practice regularity (frequency, duration, team, competitive, coach, league, federation, and type of day of the week for PA). Participants were 423 university students who reported to practice PA (203 identified as men, 191 as women, 29 did not report gender), with ages ranging from 18 to 30 years old (M = 19.91, SD = 1.97). Measures assessing motives for PA, PNS, and PA characteristics were completed. Hierarchical, followed by iterative, cluster analysis was used and four naturally occurring groupings of university students were identified based on their motives for PA: one extrinsic-motives cluster (with both extrinsic motives -fitness and appearance- above the mean), one all-motives cluster (with all five motives above the mean), one intrinsic-motives cluster (with all three intrinsic motives -enjoyment, competence, social- above the mean), and one low-motives cluster (with all motives below the mean). Groupings were compared in terms of the characteristics of their practice regularity (frequency, duration, competition, team, coach, league, federation, type of day of the week used for PA) and their levels of PNS (of the needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness in PA). Significant between-group differences were observed in the duration of single principal PA sessions, minutes per week practicing main PA, total PA minutes per week, and type of day of the week used for PA. The number of days per week devoted to the principal PA and the number of total PAs practiced were similar across all four clusters. With regard to between-group differences in psychological need satisfaction in PA by cluster, these analyses showed the existence of four clearly distinguishable naturally occurring groupings based on motives for PA, which gives researchers and practitioners the possibility to analyze and implement tailored interventions aimed at promoting PA among university students

Functional Contribution of the Transcription Factor ATF4 to the Pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress represents an early pathological event in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ATF4 is a key ER stress transcription factor that plays a role in both adaptation to stress and the activation of apoptosis. Here we investigated the contribution of ATF4 to ALS. ATF4 deficiency reduced the rate of birth of SOD1G86R transgenic mice. The fraction of ATF4−/−-SOD1G85R transgenic mice that were born are more resistant to develop ALS, leading to delayed disease onset and prolonged life span. ATF4 deficiency completely attenuated the induction of pro-apoptotic genes, including BIM and CHOP, and also led to quantitative changes in the ER protein homeostasis network. Unexpectedly, ATF4 deficiency enhanced mutant SOD1 aggregation at the end stage of the disease. Studies in the motoneuron cell line NSC34 demonstrated that knocking down ATF4 enhances mutant SOD1 aggregation possibly due to alteration in the redox status of the cell. Our results support a functional role of ATF4 in ALS, offering a novel target for disease intervention

Estudio comparativo de los Frameworks Ionic Y React Native aplicación móvil de pedidos a domicilio basada en la norma ISO 9126

Comparar los frameworks Ionic y React Native y demostrar mediante una aplicación móvil de pedidos a domicilio basado en la norma ISO 9126.En el presente trabajo de grado es el “Estudio Comparativo de los Frameworks Ionic y React Native”, para desarrollar una aplicación móvil de pedidos a domicilio para la distribuidora “La Lico”. El proyecto consta de los siguientes capítulos: En la Introducción, se declara el objetivo general y específicos; se detallan los problemas que han generado la falta de automatización del proceso de pedidos a domicilio y se plantea una solución. En el Capítulo 1, se describe toda la teoría en la que se basa el estudio comparativo y la información de las herramientas que se utilizó en el proyecto. En el Capítulo 2, se realiza el estudio comparativo basado en la norma ISO 9126 utilizando las métricas de calidad y se determina el software ganador que será utilizado para la ejecución del proyecto. En el Capítulo 3, se implementa y se documenta el desarrollo de la aplicación utilizando la metodología XP. Al final del documento se presentan las conclusiones y recomendaciones que se basan en el estudio comparativo y la implementación de la aplicación

Eficacia de la enseñanza mediante la demostración clínica y de la clase magistral mejorada en el aprendizaje de la técnica de colocación de injertos alodermales en alumnos de la Facultad de odontología de la Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa - 2021

Esta investigación tiene por objeto evaluar el proceso de enseñanza en el área de la periodoncia, sobre todo en las técnicas que se emplean para lograr un mayor desarrollo de los conceptos y habilidades para la realización de técnicas quirúrgicas con un grado medio y alto de complejidad. Corresponde a un estudio observacional, retrospectivo, transversal, comparativo y documental, cuyas variables han sido investigadas mediante la aplicación de estímulos pre y post test, en los cuales se ha utilizado la demostración clínica directa mediante el uso de la cirugía en vivo vía video conferencia y la clase magistral mejorada usando las plataformas de enseñanza virtual. El tratamiento estadístico descriptivo consistió en frecuencias absolutas y porcentuales; y la prueba X2 de homogeneidad como estadística analítica. En cuanto a los resultados la Enseñanza Demostrativa fue igualmente eficaz que la Enseñanza con clase magistral mejorada en el Aprendizaje Teórico de la Técnica de colocación de injertos alodermales; sin embargo, fue más eficaz que su análoga en el Aprendizaje Práctico de dicha Técnica. Según los resultados obtenidos prueba X2, no existe diferencia estadística en La Enseñanza con clase magistral mejorada generó un promedio de 15.34 puntos para el Aprendizaje Teórico de la Técnica de colocación de injertos alodermales, y un promedio de 16.69 puntos para el Aprendizaje Práctico de dicha Técnica en alumnos del VIII Semestre de la Facultad de Odontología de la U.C.S.M, aprobándose la hipótesis propuesta en la investigación