Langmuir‐Blodgett Methodology: A Versatile Technique to Build 2D Material Films

The Langmuir‐Blodgett (LB) methodology is based on the transfer process of a monolayer adsorbed at the water interface, Langmuir film, from the air‐water interface onto solids by vertical dipping of the substrate immersed on the subphase. The technique allows the continuous variation of material density, packing, and arrangement by compressing or expanding the film by using barriers. Consequently, it provides the possibility of preparing films with the control of interparticle distance necessary to exploit the two‐dimensional (2D) materials in technological applications. In this chapter, we present some examples of fabrication of thin films of 2D material using this methodology. We show some methodologies based on this technique to build thin films of graphene oxides, Quantum Dots (QDs), and silver nanowires

Risk analysis for patient safety in surgical departments: Cross-sectional design usefulness

(1) Background: Identifying and measuring adverse events (AE) is a priority for patient safety, which allows us to define and prioritise areas for improvement and evaluate and develop solutions to improve health care quality. The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of AEs in surgical and medical-surgical departments and to know the health impact of these AEs. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study determining the prevalence of AEs in surgical and medical-surgical departments was conducted and a comparison was made among both clinical areas. A total of 5228 patients were admitted in 58 hospitals in Argentina, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Peru, within the Latin American Study of Adverse Events (IBEAS), led by the Spanish Ministry of Health, the Pan American Health Organization, and the WHO Patient Safety programme. (3) Results: The global prevalence of AEs was 10.7%. However, the prevalence of AEs in surgical departments was 11.9%, while in medical-surgical departments it was 8.9%. The causes of these AEs were associated with surgical procedures (38.6%) and nosocomial infections (35.4%). About 60.6% of the AEs extended hospital stays by 30.7 days on average and 25.8% led to readmission with an average hospitalisation of 15 days. About 22.4% resulted in death, disability, or surgical reintervention. (4) Conclusions: Surgical departments were associated with a higher risk of experiencing AEs

Caspase-8 inhibition represses initial human monocyte activation in septic shock model

In septic patients, the onset of septic shock occurs due to the over-activation of monocytes. We tested the therapeutic potential of directly targeting innate immune cell activation to limit the cytokine storm and downstream phases. We initially investigated whether caspase-8 could be an appropriate target given it has recently been shown to be involved in microglial activation. We found that LPS caused a mild increase in caspase-8 activity and that the caspase-8 inhibitor IETD-fmk partially decreased monocyte activation. Furthermore, caspase-8 inhibition induced necroptotic cell death of activated monocytes. Despite inducing necroptosis, caspase-8 inhibition reduced LPS-induced expression and release of IL-1β and IL-10. Thus, blocking monocyte activation has positive effects on both the pro and anti-inflammatory phases of septic shock. We also found that in primary mouse monocytes, caspase-8 inhibition did not reduce LPS-induced activation or induce necroptosis. On the other hand, broad caspase inhibitors, which have already been shown to improve survival in mouse models of sepsis, achieved both. Thus, given that monocyte activation can be regulated in humans via the inhibition of a single caspase, we propose that the therapeutic use of caspase-8 inhibitors could represent a more selective alternative that blocks both phases of septic shock at the source.Unión Europea, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad SAF2012-39029Unión Europea, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad SAF2015-64171REspaña,Junta de Andalucía P10-CTS-649

Aproximación al significado léxico con primitivos y moléculas: trabajo experimental (I)

Documento de trabajo que recoge trece informes realizados por estudiantes del Grado de Lengua Española y sus Literaturas durante el curso 2017/18, que recoge los datos, su análisis y discusión de diversos trabajos experimentales en los que se intenta una aproximación al significado léxico de algunas palabras mediante primitivos y moléculas. Este trabajo se inserta en el Proyecto de Innovación "Piensapalabras" (2017/18, nº 125)

Current international projects in the Duero and Miño-Sil basins

[EN] This paper summarizes the research work that is being carried out within the framework of three international projects with a lifetime between 2022 and 2026: (1) LIFE-IP-Duero; (2) Supporting stakeholders for adaptive, resilience and sustainable water management; (3) IGCP- 730. (1) and (2) are developed in the Duero river basin and are funded by the European Commission meanwhile (3) is being developed in the Duero and Miño-Sil basins and is funded by the International Geosciences Programme (IGCP) of UNESCO.Peer reviewe

Prueba Ser Informe Aplicación Piloto 1-2013

En este informe se presenta el proceso que la Dirección de Evaluación de la Educación, el Proyecto Currículo para la Excelencia Académica y la Formación Integral 40x40 y el Proyecto de Educación para la Convivencia y la Ciudadanía (PECC), iniciaron conjuntamente en aras de realizar un primer pilotaje de esta prueba en 2013. En el proceso intervienen igualmente expertos de la Secretaría de Cultura, instituciones universitarias y del IDRD. El proceso inició con el trabajo directo entre la Dirección de Evaluación de la Educación y los profesionales del Proyecto de Educación para la Convivencia y la Ciudadanía. Posteriormente, se incorporó el proyecto Currículo para la Excelencia Académica y la Formación Integral 40x40 (en adelante 40x40). Tres preguntas orientaron las discusiones: qué, cómo y cuándo. El qué, busca la definición de los básicos observables y medibles de los campos del arte y el deporte, además de las capacidades ciudadanas. El cómo, pretende definir el proceso por el cual se realizarían las observaciones y mediciones en estos campos. Finalmente el cuándo, busca precisar el momento y el cronograma con el cual se garantizaría el desarrollo de esta aplicación

Ciencia Odontológica 2.0

Libro que muestra avances de la Investigación Odontológica en MéxicoEs para los integrantes de la Red de Investigación en Estomatología (RIE) una enorme alegría presentar el segundo de una serie de 6 libros sobre casos clínicos, revisiones de la literatura e investigaciones. La RIE está integrada por cuerpos académicos de la UAEH, UAEM, UAC y UdeG

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Terapias intervencionistas percutáneas en el tratamiento de la hipertensión pulmonar: líneas de tratamiento futuro

La hipertensión pulmonar es una enfermedad grave, progresiva e irreversible que provoca disfunción ventricular derecha y muerte. Aunque la esperanza de vida de los pacientes con esta enfermedad ha mejorado significativamente en la última década con la aparición de medicaciones específicas, no todos los pacientes responden igual al tratamiento y muchos siguen deteriorándose, por lo que el pronóstico y la supervivencia siguen siendo malos. Esta pobre respuesta al tratamiento médico de los pacientes con hipertensión pulmonar obliga a buscar terapias alternativas para mejorarla situación clínica y la evolución de estos pacientes. Con el auge creciente del tratamiento intervencionista percutáneo en los últimos años en todas las áreas de la cardiología han surgido técnicas intervencionistas percutáneas para pacientes con hipertensión pulmonar, algunas ya plenamente establecidas en el manejo de estos pacientes y otras en fase de desarrollo. Estas técnicas percutáneas ofrecen un tratamiento no farmacológico en pacientes seleccionados con hipertensión pulmonar, bien sea como coadyuvantes al tratamiento médico paliando los síntomas, bien como puente al trasplante, mejorando la calidad de vida y reduciendo los síntomas de insuficiencia cardiaca derecha y bajo gasto o, incluso, mejorando la supervivencia..