Manufactura esbelta para mejorar la productividad por reducción de mermas en las fases de injerto e invernadero, en una empresa de viveros de plantas de vid, Lambayeque, 2018

La presente investigación midió la mejora de la productividad por reducción de mermas, utilizando las herramientas de la Manufactura Esbelta en las Fases de Injerto e Invernadero, en una empresa de Viveros de plantas de vid, ubicada en la Región Lambayeque. Se planteó mejoras para minimizar los desperdicios de la producción como son la producción defectuosa de plantones de vid, sobreprocesamiento en los procesos de injerto, excesos de recorrido en la Planta de Injertado, así como demoras en el proceso completo de producción, que alcanzó este ciclo hasta 115 o 120 días, siendo lo recomendado por buenas prácticas de manufactura en procesos de injertos de vid, hasta 90 días. Se consideró como unidad de estudio los procesos en las Fases de Injerto e Invernadero. Se mejoró los indicadores de desempeño productivo como la productividad que se ha incrementado a 97.58% la Fase de Injerto y a 94.55% la Fase de Injerto y las mermas se han reducido a 2.42% y 5.45%, respectivamente. Los indicadores de calidad a la primera alcanzaron el 89.79% y 83.22%, en la Fase de injerto e Invernadero. El tiempo total de producción de un plantón de vid injertado se ha reducido a 94 días y 664.36 minutos. Finalmente, el análisis económico demostró que la empresa venía perdiendo anualmente aproximadamente 897901.7 dólares por la pérdida de 859236 plantas de vid en los diferentes procesos. Luego de la mejora la empresa solo presenta mermas de aproximadamente 275395 plantas equivalente a 287787.8 dólares, lo que significa un ahorro del 67.95%.The present investigation measured the improvement of the productivity by reduction of shrinkage, using the Tools of the Lean Manufacturing in the processes Grafting and Greenhouse in a company of Viveros of vine plants, of the Lambayeque Region. Improvements were proposed to minimize production waste such as the defective production of grape seedlings, over processing in the grafting processes, overruns in the Injected plant as well as delays in the entire production process, which reached this cycle until 115 or 120 days, being recommended by good manufacturing practices in vine grafting processes, up to 90 days. The processes in the Graft and Greenhouse Phases were considered as a unit of study. The productive performance indicators were improved, such as the productivity that has increased to 97.58% in the Graft Phase and to 94.55% in the Grafting Phase and the reductions have been reduced to 2.42% and 5.45%, respectively. The quality indicators at the first reached 89.79% and 83.22%, in the Grafting and Greenhouse Phase. The total production time of a grafted vine seedling has been reduced to 94 days and 664.36 minutes. Finally, the economic analysis showed that the company had been losing annually approximately $ 897901.7 dollars for the loss of 859236 vine plants in the different processes. After the improvement, the company only shows losses of approximately 275395 plants equivalent to 287787.8 dollars, which means a saving of 67.95%

Identifying driving processes of drought recovery in the southern Andes natural catchments

Study region: The natural river basins of Chile. Study focus: Drought effects on terrestrial ecosystems produce hydroclimatic stress with variable extensions. Particularly, hydrological drought duration can provide a better understanding of recovery together with catchment characteristics and climatology. This study focuses on the impacts of the multi-year drought experienced in Chile for more than a decade. The recovery of relevant catchment variables to quantify the drought termination (DT) and drought termination duration (DTD) after the hydrological drought is presented. A composite analysis of natural catchments using the CAMELS-CL data set discharge (1988–2020), k-NDVI (2000–2020), and soil moisture (1991–2020) provides the average response of the recovery after severe droughts. New hydrological insights for the region: This study demonstrates that local catchment properties can explain the recovery of studied variables after a hydrological drought. Explanatory variables from CAMELS-CL to derive the DT using random forest regression (RFR) were used with a strong correlation of 0.92, 0.84, and 0.89 for discharge, vegetation productivity, and soil moisture, respectively. The discharge patterns show longer recovery over environments dominated by shrublands with less precipitation and higher temperatures, in central Chile, while higher latitudes with higher vegetation cover, increasing precipitation, and lower temperatures present shorter recovery times. The vegetation productivity shows longer recovery over highly vegetated mountains in central Chile. The soil moisture recovery spatial distribution presented patterns that connect them with the discharge recovery. This work enables the identification of drought vulnerability, which is valuable for managing water resources and ecosystems and is helping to predict drought recovery periods in regions with a lack of observations

Stress compensation by gap monolayers for stacked InAs/GaAs quantum dots solar cells

In this work we report the stacking of 10 and 50 InAs quantum dots layers using 2 monolayers of GaP for stress compensation and a stack period of 18 nm on GaAs (001) substrates. Very good structural and optical quality is found in both samples. Vertical alignment of the dots is observed by transmission electron microscopy suggesting the existence of residual stress around them. Photocurrent measurements show light absorption up to 1.2 μm in the nanostructures together with a reduction in the blue response of the device. As a result of the phosphorus incorporation in the barriers, a very high thermal activation energy (431 meV) has also been obtained for the quantum dot emission

Tercer Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad

El Tercer Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS, realizado el 30 de noviembre , 1 y 2 de diciembre del 2016 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, confirma la necesidad de crear espacios idóneos para la presentación, difusión e intercambio de los resultados de investigaciones en la comunidad académica. CITIS 2016, se abre a nivel internacional en su tercera edición, permitiendo la difusión de avances teóricos y tecnológicos expuestos por investigadores del ámbito académico universitario. Las líneas de investigación para este año destacan la contribución al mejoramiento de la calidad de vida, la transformación social y la responsabilidad ética, económica, ciudadana, entre otras, que muestran una inquietante búsqueda de ayudar a nuestra sociedad preocupados por la dimensión humana y social en el desarrollo responsable de la ciencia y de la tecnología

Why Are Outcomes Different for Registry Patients Enrolled Prospectively and Retrospectively? Insights from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF).

Background: Retrospective and prospective observational studies are designed to reflect real-world evidence on clinical practice, but can yield conflicting results. The GARFIELD-AF Registry includes both methods of enrolment and allows analysis of differences in patient characteristics and outcomes that may result. Methods and Results: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ≥1 risk factor for stroke at diagnosis of AF were recruited either retrospectively (n = 5069) or prospectively (n = 5501) from 19 countries and then followed prospectively. The retrospectively enrolled cohort comprised patients with established AF (for a least 6, and up to 24 months before enrolment), who were identified retrospectively (and baseline and partial follow-up data were collected from the emedical records) and then followed prospectively between 0-18 months (such that the total time of follow-up was 24 months; data collection Dec-2009 and Oct-2010). In the prospectively enrolled cohort, patients with newly diagnosed AF (≤6 weeks after diagnosis) were recruited between Mar-2010 and Oct-2011 and were followed for 24 months after enrolment. Differences between the cohorts were observed in clinical characteristics, including type of AF, stroke prevention strategies, and event rates. More patients in the retrospectively identified cohort received vitamin K antagonists (62.1% vs. 53.2%) and fewer received non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (1.8% vs . 4.2%). All-cause mortality rates per 100 person-years during the prospective follow-up (starting the first study visit up to 1 year) were significantly lower in the retrospective than prospectively identified cohort (3.04 [95% CI 2.51 to 3.67] vs . 4.05 [95% CI 3.53 to 4.63]; p = 0.016). Conclusions: Interpretations of data from registries that aim to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AF must take account of differences in registry design and the impact of recall bias and survivorship bias that is incurred with retrospective enrolment. Clinical Trial Registration: - URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier for GARFIELD-AF (NCT01090362)

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Improved risk stratification of patients with atrial fibrillation: an integrated GARFIELD-AF tool for the prediction of mortality, stroke and bleed in patients with and without anticoagulation.

OBJECTIVES: To provide an accurate, web-based tool for stratifying patients with atrial fibrillation to facilitate decisions on the potential benefits/risks of anticoagulation, based on mortality, stroke and bleeding risks. DESIGN: The new tool was developed, using stepwise regression, for all and then applied to lower risk patients. C-statistics were compared with CHA2DS2-VASc using 30-fold cross-validation to control for overfitting. External validation was undertaken in an independent dataset, Outcome Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (ORBIT-AF). PARTICIPANTS: Data from 39 898 patients enrolled in the prospective GARFIELD-AF registry provided the basis for deriving and validating an integrated risk tool to predict stroke risk, mortality and bleeding risk. RESULTS: The discriminatory value of the GARFIELD-AF risk model was superior to CHA2DS2-VASc for patients with or without anticoagulation. C-statistics (95% CI) for all-cause mortality, ischaemic stroke/systemic embolism and haemorrhagic stroke/major bleeding (treated patients) were: 0.77 (0.76 to 0.78), 0.69 (0.67 to 0.71) and 0.66 (0.62 to 0.69), respectively, for the GARFIELD-AF risk models, and 0.66 (0.64-0.67), 0.64 (0.61-0.66) and 0.64 (0.61-0.68), respectively, for CHA2DS2-VASc (or HAS-BLED for bleeding). In very low to low risk patients (CHA2DS2-VASc 0 or 1 (men) and 1 or 2 (women)), the CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED (for bleeding) scores offered weak discriminatory value for mortality, stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding. C-statistics for the GARFIELD-AF risk tool were 0.69 (0.64 to 0.75), 0.65 (0.56 to 0.73) and 0.60 (0.47 to 0.73) for each end point, respectively, versus 0.50 (0.45 to 0.55), 0.59 (0.50 to 0.67) and 0.55 (0.53 to 0.56) for CHA2DS2-VASc (or HAS-BLED for bleeding). Upon validation in the ORBIT-AF population, C-statistics showed that the GARFIELD-AF risk tool was effective for predicting 1-year all-cause mortality using the full and simplified model for all-cause mortality: C-statistics 0.75 (0.73 to 0.77) and 0.75 (0.73 to 0.77), respectively, and for predicting for any stroke or systemic embolism over 1 year, C-statistics 0.68 (0.62 to 0.74). CONCLUSIONS: Performance of the GARFIELD-AF risk tool was superior to CHA2DS2-VASc in predicting stroke and mortality and superior to HAS-BLED for bleeding, overall and in lower risk patients. The GARFIELD-AF tool has the potential for incorporation in routine electronic systems, and for the first time, permits simultaneous evaluation of ischaemic stroke, mortality and bleeding risks. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier for GARFIELD-AF (NCT01090362) and for ORBIT-AF (NCT01165710)

Two-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation: results from GARFIELD-AF.

AIMS: The relationship between outcomes and time after diagnosis for patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is poorly defined, especially beyond the first year. METHODS AND RESULTS: GARFIELD-AF is an ongoing, global observational study of adults with newly diagnosed NVAF. Two-year outcomes of 17 162 patients prospectively enrolled in GARFIELD-AF were analysed in light of baseline characteristics, risk profiles for stroke/systemic embolism (SE), and antithrombotic therapy. The mean (standard deviation) age was 69.8 (11.4) years, 43.8% were women, and the mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 3.3 (1.6); 60.8% of patients were prescribed anticoagulant therapy with/without antiplatelet (AP) therapy, 27.4% AP monotherapy, and 11.8% no antithrombotic therapy. At 2-year follow-up, all-cause mortality, stroke/SE, and major bleeding had occurred at a rate (95% confidence interval) of 3.83 (3.62; 4.05), 1.25 (1.13; 1.38), and 0.70 (0.62; 0.81) per 100 person-years, respectively. Rates for all three major events were highest during the first 4 months. Congestive heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, sudden/unwitnessed death, malignancy, respiratory failure, and infection/sepsis accounted for 65% of all known causes of death and strokes for <10%. Anticoagulant treatment was associated with a 35% lower risk of death. CONCLUSION: The most frequent of the three major outcome measures was death, whose most common causes are not known to be significantly influenced by anticoagulation. This suggests that a more comprehensive approach to the management of NVAF may be needed to improve outcome. This could include, in addition to anticoagulation, interventions targeting modifiable, cause-specific risk factors for death. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

SMAP and Sentinel-1 data of the Rhine basin

SMAP L3, corresponds to high-resolution satellite soil moisture in (m3 m-3) from active and passive sensors. This dataset can be useful to perform data assimilation of soil moisture with Delft-FEWS system for hydrologic forecasting of the Rhine basin. This will improve the accuracy of the discharge predictions because of the improvements on the states of soil moisture. The Sentinel-1 dataset corresponds to high-resolution soil moisture (%) from a passive sensor. This dataset can be used for data assimilation too, but the improvements are not as good as SMA

ANÁLISIS DE LA GESTIÓN DE RIESGOS EN LAS UNIDADES DE TECNOLOGÍA DE LA INFORMACIÓN DE LAS INSTITUCIONES PÚBLICAS DE MANABÍ-ECUADOR

An analysis of the risk conditions present in the Information Technology (IT) units is presented, where the academic data and information of the universities rest. In this study the personnel of the IT units of different institutions of the province of Manabí in Ecuador have been evaluated. For this, the academic profiles and their participation in the management of information protection have been considered. For the execution of this work, surveys have been carried out on IT personnel, with a total of 360 people surveyed that make up the sample. The analysis made it possible to verify the levels of security and quality of the Information Technology services offered by the departments of the evaluated institutions, in turn it was possible to verify the knowledge management present in the 40 institutions studied. Keywords: Information Technology, Risk Management, Computer Security, Information Protection. References [1]I. Velitchkov, «Integration of IT Strategy and Enterprise Architecture Models,» de Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies and Workshop for PhD Students in Computing, , New York, 2008. [2]E. Kozlova, U. Hasenkamp and E. Kopanakis, «Use of IT Best Practices for Non-IT Services,» de Annual SRII Global Conference, 2012. [3]A. Hochstein, R. Zarnekow and W. Brenner, «ITIL as common practice reference model for IT service management: formal assessment and implications for practice, » IEEE, pp. 704-710, 2005. [4]C. Braun and R. Winter, «Integration of IT Service Management into Enterprise Architecture,» de Proceedings of the 2007 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, New York, 2007. [5]S. Galup, J. J. Quan, R. Dattero and S. Conger, « Information Technology Service Management: An Emerging Area for Academic Research and Pedagogical Development, » de Conference on Computer Personnel Research: The Global Information Technology Workforce, New York, 2007. [6]R. Bonilla, S. Carolina, Z. Rendón and A. Dolores, «Propuesta de procesos para la fase de operación de los servicios de tecnología fundamentado en ITIL, para Bio Agencia de Comunicación,» 2014. [7]Y. Viteri, M. Cano, A. Zambrano and C. Minaya, «Evaluación de las incidencias y riesgos presentes en la infraestructura tecnológica de la Universidad Layca Eloy Alfaro de MAnabí-Ecuador,» Revista Universidad, Ciencia y Tecnología, vol. 23, nº 94, 2019.&nbsp; [8]N. Ávalos, H. Fabricio, E. Navia and J. Francisco, «Propuesta de gestión tecnológica para la defensoría pública del Ecuador alineada al marco regulatorio del sector público,» Ecuador, 2015. [9]V. López and W. Napoléon, «Guía de evaluación de la gestión de TI con aplicación de COBIT Y COSO en el sector público ecuatoriano,» Ecuador, 2014. [10]B. Oviedo, E. Shuma and A. Gracia, «Análisis de herramientas de códigos abiertos que permitan la seguridad de la data en las universidad técnica estatal de Quevedo,» Revista Universidad, Ciencia y Tecnología, vol. 23, nº 94, 2019.&nbsp;Se presenta un análisis de las condiciones de riesgo presentes en las unidades de Tecnología de la Información (TI), donde reposan los datos e información académica de las universidades. En este estudio se ha evaluado al personal de las unidades de TI de diferentes instituciones de la provincia de Manabí en Ecuador. Para ello se han considerado los perfiles académicos, y la participación de los mismos en la gestión de protección de la información. Para la ejecución de este trabajo se han realizado encuestas al personal de TI, con un total de 360 personas encuestadas que componen la muestra. El análisis realizado permitió comprobar los niveles de seguridad y calidad de los servicios de Tecnología de la Información que ofrecen los departamentos de las instituciones evaluadas, a su vez fue posible constatar la gestión de conocimiento presente en las 40 instituciones estudiadas. Palabras Clave: Tecnología de la Información, Gestión de Riesgo, Seguridad Informática, Protección de la Información. Referencias [1]I. Velitchkov, «Integration of IT Strategy and Enterprise Architecture Models,» de Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies and Workshop for PhD Students in Computing, , New York, 2008. [2]E. Kozlova, U. Hasenkamp y E. Kopanakis, «Use of IT Best Practices for Non-IT Services,» de Annual SRII Global Conference, 2012. [3]A. Hochstein, R. Zarnekow y W. Brenner, «ITIL as common practice reference model for IT service management: formal assessment and implications for practice, » IEEE, pp. 704-710, 2005. [4]C. Braun y R. Winter, «Integration of IT Service Management into Enterprise Architecture,» de Proceedings of the 2007 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, New York, 2007. [5]S. Galup, J. J. Quan, R. Dattero y S. Conger, « Information Technology Service Management: An Emerging Area for Academic Research and Pedagogical Development, » de Conference on Computer Personnel Research: The Global Information Technology Workforce, New York, 2007. [6]R. Bonilla, S. Carolina, Z. Rendón y A. Dolores, «Propuesta de procesos para la fase de operación de los servicios de tecnología fundamentado en ITIL, para Bio Agencia de Comunicación,» 2014. [7]Y. Viteri, M. Cano, A. Zambrano y C. Minaya, «Evaluación de las incidencias y riesgos presentes en la infraestructura tecnológica de la Universidad Layca EloyAlfaro de MAnabí-Ecuador,» Revista Universidad, Ciencia y Tecnología, vol. 23, nº 94, 2019.&nbsp; [8]N. Ávalos, H. Fabricio, E. Navia y J. Francisco, «Propuesta de gestión tecnológica para la defensoría pública del Ecuador alineada al marco regulatorio del sector público,» Ecuador, 2015. [9]V. López y W. Napoléon, «Guía de evaluación de la gestión de TI con aplicación de COBIT Y COSO en el sector público ecuatoriano,» Ecuador, 2014. [10]B. Oviedo, E. Shuma y A. Gracia, «Análisis de herramientas de códigos abiertos que permitan la seguridad de la data en las universidad técnica estatal de Quevedo,» Revista Universidad, Ciencia y Tecnología, vol. 23, nº 94, 2019.&nbsp