A importância das técnicas de reeducação postural em pacientes com escoliose: uma revisão bibliográfica

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em FisioterapiaIntrodução: A escoliose é definida como um desvio da coluna vertebral nos diversos planos, e a sua etiologia é multifatorial. Existem diferentes formas terapêuticas para correção e reeducação das curvaturas escolióticas. Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos de diferentes protocolos de reeducação postural em pacientes com escoliose. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Science Direct e motor de pesquisa B-on, fundamentada em artigos compreendidos entre os anos de 2007 e 2017, avaliados segundo a escala Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). Resultados: Nesta revisão foram incluídos 6 estudos, com um total de 110 crianças e jovens de ambos os sexos, e com idades médias compreendidas entre 7 e 20 anos. Após a implementação das técnicas constatou-se uma melhoria nos ângulos da curvatura, na flexibilidade vertebral, na expansibilidade tóraco-pulmonar, na sintomatologia dolorosa e na qualidade de vida dos participantes. Conclusão: As técnicas de reeducação postural, nomeadamente reeducação postural global, método de Pilates, isostretching e exercícios de Schroth são efetivas no tratamento convencional de escolioses em crianças e jovens.Background: Scoliosis is defined as a deviation of the spine in various planes, and is etiology is multifactorial. There are different therapeutic forms for correction and re-education of scoliotic curvatures. Objectives: Analyze different protocols on the effects and importance of different techniques of postural reeducation in patients with scoliosis. Methodology: The survey was conducted in PubMed and Science Direct databases, and search engines such as B-on, based on articles dated between 2007 and 2017, evaluated according to the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) scale. Results: In this review, 6 studies were included, with a total of 110 children and teenagers of both sexes, with ages ranging from 7 to 20 years. After the implementation of the techniques, there was an improvement in the angles of curvature, in the vertebral flexibility, in the thoracic-pulmonary expansion, in the pain symptomatology and in the quality of life of the participants. Conclusion: The techniques of postural reeducation, namely global postural reeducation, Pilates method, isostretching and Schroth exercises are effective in the conventional treatment of scoliosis in children and young people.N/

The impact of monetary and non-monetary promotions on the brand equity of new and mature products

Promotions can be a very important tool for retailers and manufacturers to become competitive, when used in the correct way. Particularly when introducing a new brand in the market it is crucial to be aware of which methods have a higher impact on brand equity. This dissertation aims to explain how different promotion types - monetary and non-monetary - impact the brand equity of new and mature products. The brand equity definition adopted for the study was the one outlined by Keller and Lehmann, consisting in the following dimensions: awareness, attitude, associations, attachment and activity. Quantitative data was collected through questionnaires, each portraying a control scenario (product without promotion) followed by the same product under one of the promotion scenarios. This was tested for two different product categories, breakfast cereal and soda, using two brands already established in the market against two fictitious brands. Respondents were asked to rate seventeen statements regarding brand equity for each of these scenarios, followed by analysing the generated data by using t-tests. Contrarily to what was suggested by literature, overall monetary promotions were found to result in higher brand equity than non-monetary promotions. This was verified for both new and mature products. Nevertheless, both types of promotions are beneficial when contrasted with the situation of no promotion in contrast to having no promotion. Furthermore, new brands seem to be the ones whose brand equity most benefits from both monetary and non-monetary promotions.As promoções podem ser uma importante ferramenta para retalhistas e fabricantes se tornarem mais competitivos, quando utilizadas da maneira correta. Particularmente quando se introduz uma nova marca no mercado é crucial estar consciente de quais dos métodos promocionais têm um maior impacto na brand equity. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo explicar como diferentes tipos de promoção – monetária e não-monetária – impactam a brand equity de produtos novos e maduros. A definição de brand equity adotada para o estudo foi a delineada por Keller e Lehmann, que consiste nas seguintes dimensões: consciência, atitude, associações, conexão e atividade. Dados quantitativos foram recolhidos através de inquéritos, cada um apresentando um cenário de controlo (produto sem promoção) seguido do mesmo produto sob um dos cenários de promoção. Isto foi testado para duas diferentes categorias de produto, cereais de pequeno-almoço e refrigerantes, utilizando duas marcas já estabelecidas no mercado contra duas marcas fictícias. Aos inquiridos foi pedido que classificassem dezassete afirmações relativas a brand equity para cada um destes cenários e os dados foram consequentemente analisados através de t tests. Contrariamente ao que é sugerido pela literatura, de um modo geral concluiu-se que as promoções monetárias beneficiam mais a brand equity do que as promoções não-monetárias. Isto verifica-se tanto para produtos novos como para produtos maduros. Não obstante, ambos os tipos de promoção são benéficos quando comparados com a situação sem promoção. Para além disso, novas marcas parecem ser aquelas cuja brand equity mais beneficia com promoções, tanto monetárias como não-monetárias

A importância das técnicas de reeducação postural em pacientes com escoliose: uma revisão bibliográfica

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em FisioterapiaIntrodução: A escoliose é definida como um desvio da coluna vertebral nos diversos planos, e a sua etiologia é multifatorial. Existem diferentes formas terapêuticas para correção e reeducação das curvaturas escolióticas. Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos de diferentes protocolos de reeducação postural em pacientes com escoliose. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Science Direct e motor de pesquisa B-on, fundamentada em artigos compreendidos entre os anos de 2007 e 2017, avaliados segundo a escala Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). Resultados: Nesta revisão foram incluídos 6 estudos, com um total de 110 crianças e jovens de ambos os sexos, e com idades médias compreendidas entre 7 e 20 anos. Após a implementação das técnicas constatou-se uma melhoria nos ângulos da curvatura, na flexibilidade vertebral, na expansibilidade tóraco-pulmonar, na sintomatologia dolorosa e na qualidade de vida dos participantes. Conclusão: As técnicas de reeducação postural, nomeadamente reeducação postural global, método de Pilates, isostretching e exercícios de Schroth são efetivas no tratamento convencional de escolioses em crianças e jovens.Background: Scoliosis is defined as a deviation of the spine in various planes, and is etiology is multifactorial. There are different therapeutic forms for correction and re-education of scoliotic curvatures. Objectives: Analyze different protocols on the effects and importance of different techniques of postural reeducation in patients with scoliosis. Methodology: The survey was conducted in PubMed and Science Direct databases, and search engines such as B-on, based on articles dated between 2007 and 2017, evaluated according to the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) scale. Results: In this review, 6 studies were included, with a total of 110 children and teenagers of both sexes, with ages ranging from 7 to 20 years. After the implementation of the techniques, there was an improvement in the angles of curvature, in the vertebral flexibility, in the thoracic-pulmonary expansion, in the pain symptomatology and in the quality of life of the participants. Conclusion: The techniques of postural reeducation, namely global postural reeducation, Pilates method, isostretching and Schroth exercises are effective in the conventional treatment of scoliosis in children and young people.N/

An integrated GPS/PDA/GIS telegeoprocessing system for traffic & environment

The development of sustainable urban transport networks is a present priority for world leaders, national governors and local authorities. The challenge is to increase mobility reducing the adverse impacts of transport. The potential of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) to provide solutions for the 21st century sustainable urban transport system has already been demonstrated in several piecewise applications. An integrated framework that addresses the needs of municipal authorities, that integrates the data spread through different sources, that supports the intelligent traffic & environment operations, and that provides information to the citizens steering their involvement and commitment is of critical importance and can be the enabler towards the creation of more efficient, safety, and environmental-friendly transport networks that promote the citizens’ quality of life. This work describes an integrated GPS (Global Positioning System) / PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) / GIS (Geographical Information System) system which is part of the mentioned framework. The system includes prototypes for mobile urban traffic data acquisition, with a GPS -equipped vehicle, a PDA application and wireless communications, and for a geodatabase with a related Web application for urban traffic & environment. Their integrated operation is exemplified for a real urban transport system.Postprint (published version

Nível de conhecimento da população da Ilha de Moçambique acerca da malária

This research aims to investigate the level of knowledge of the population of Mozambique Island about malaria, one of the diseases that most affect the country. Against this background we have developed an exploratory study, constituted by a sample of 500 individuals of both sexes, residing in different districts of the island. Overall, the respondents are mostly well informed about the characteristics of the disease, its implications, and ways of prevention. Still, the Island has residents without information about malaria. These people, who have a low level of knowledge about the disease, although in smaller numbers, still perform little preventive procedures and contribute to the increase in cases of this disease. It is considered that the results of this study are a contribution to the definition of priority actions in the promotion of education and health, specifically with regard to malaria.A presente investigação objectivou conhecer o nível de conhecimentos da população da Ilha de Moçambique acerca da malária, uma das doenças que mais assola o país. Assim, e tendo em conta o cenário moçambicano, traçou-se um estudo explotarório, constituído por uma amostra de 500 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, residentes nos vários bairros da Ilha. Em termos gerais, as pessoas inquiridas estão maioritariamente bem informadas acerca das características da doença, suas implicações e formas de prevenção. Mesmo assim, verificou-se que ainda existem pessoas mal informadas. Estes indivíduos, que apresentam um nível baixo de conhecimentos acerca da doença, embora em menor número, continuam a ter procedimentos pouco preventivos e a contribuir para o aumento de casos desta doença. Considera-se que os resultados deste estudo são um contributo para a definição dos elementos a priorizar nas acções de educação e promoção da saúde, especificamente no que se refere à malária

Melhoria do desempenho de uma linha de montagem através de princípios Lean Thinking numa empresa da indústria automóvel

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia e Gestão IndustrialEste projeto de dissertação está inserido no 5º ano do Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial da Universidade do Minho e foi desenvolvido na empresa de indústria automóvel, CaetanoBus. A indústria é um sector em crescente desenvolvimento e mudança constante e a necessidade para melhorar é primordial. A boa organização e capacidade de pensar diferente são características que se procuram para a sustentabilidade de uma fábrica. Tendo isto em vista, a busca é pela eliminação de desperdícios e atividades que não acrescentam valor. Para tal, recorre-se à implementação de princípios e ferramentas Lean Thinking. Na dissertação foi utilizada a metodologia Investigação-Ação, que contempla cinco fases: diagnóstico, planeamento, ação, avaliação e especificação da aprendizagem. Começou-se então pela análise da situação atual do sistema produtivo em estudo, utilizando-se ferramentas de análise como o diagrama de causa-efeito e o diagrama de spaghetti. Com o estudo inicial realizado, identificaram-se e assinalaram-se os principais problemas a abordar no projeto de dissertação. Tais problemas relacionaram-se com a elevada variação nas horas produtivas, a desorganização fabril e de gestão, a falta de normalização do abastecimento que foram abordados e alvo de sugestões de implementação de melhorias. As propostas apresentadas, na maioria implementadas, tiveram como objetivo reduzir custos com stock excessivo em linha, melhorar o abastecimento e aumentar a organização geral da linha. Através de formação foi também possível promover a mudança cultural e incentivar ao uso das ferramentas disponíveis para em conjunto se melhorar o ambiente e espaço de trabalho. Com estas propostas foram conseguidos os seguintes resultados: 30 488€ poupança anual com 4 916€ referentes a revisão do abastecimento interno e 25 572€ em revisão do acompanhamento do estado do autocarro e, ainda, a eliminação de um gasto de 630€ em aquisição de novos carrinhos de picking e 5,3m2 em espaço fabril.The dissertation was integrated into the fifth year of the master’s degree in Industrial and Management Engineering from the University of Minho and was developed in an automotive company, CaetanoBus. The industry is a sector in growing development and constant change and the need to improve is vital. The good organization and capacity to think differently are the characteristics looked for the sustainability of a factory. With this insight, the search is for eliminating the wastes and activities that do not add value, so it resorts to implementing principles and Lean Thinking Tools. Action-Research was used as the investigation methodology, which is divided in five phases: diagnose, plan, act, evaluate and specification of the learning. It was begun by the analysis of the current situation of the productive system under the study, using the tools of analysis such as cause-effect and spaghetti diagrams. With the initial study finalized, it was identified and signalized the main problems to approach in the project of the dissertation. Such problems as the high variability of the productive hours, disorganization of the factory and its management and the lack of the supply chain normalization will be approached and target of suggestions to implement improvements. The proposals presented, most of them implemented, have the purpose to reduce costs with excessive stock in the factory, improve the supply system in order to choose the most efficient method and increase the overall organization of the line. Through formation, it was also possible to promote the cultural change and encourage the use of available tools to both enhance the environment and space of work. With these proposals it was achieved the following results: 30 488€ of annual savings with 4 916€ being due to the revision of the internal supply and 25 572€ with the revision of the methods used to follow the state of the bus. Furthermore there was prevented a spent of 630€ with the acquisition of new picking cars and saved 5,3m2 in factory space

A diversidade de itinerários terapêuticos da população da Ilha de Moçambique – O popular, o folk e o profissional

A presente investigação objetivou aprofundar os conhecimentos acerca dos itinerá- rios terapêuticos da população da Ilha de Moçambique. Assim, segundo Kleinman (1980), em qualquer sociedade, pode-se identificar três setores interconectados de cuidado médicos: o setor popular, o setor folk ou do povo, e o setor profissional. Neste seguimento, procedeu-se a uma análise do discurso de diferentes entrevistados agentes, tais como, membros da população (beneficiários dos vários setores e agentes do setor popular), uma enfermeira (agente do setor profissional), e uma curandeira (agente do setor folk), tentando assim expor a perspectiva de cada um destes intervenientes dos itinerários terapêuticos da população da Ilha de Moçambique. Desta forma, foi possível constatar-se a presença de todos os setores de saúde e os motivos pelos quais são procuradosThis research aims to study therapeutic itineraries of the Mozambique Island population. Thus, according to Kleinman (1980), in any society, we can identify three interconnected areas of medical care: the popular sector, the folk sector, and the professional sector. We proceeded to a discourse analysis of different interviewed agents, such as members of the population (beneficiaries of the various sectors and agents of popular sector), a nurse (agent of professional sector), and a healer (agent of folk sector), trying to expose the perspective of each of these threes therapeutic agents of the population of the Mozambique Island. Thus, we determined the presence of all sectors of health and the reasons for which are sough

New technologies in airway management: A review

The evolution of medical knowledge and technological growth have contributed to the development of different techniques and devices for airway management. These appear to play a role in optimizing the number of attempts and overall success, ultimately reducing the negative consequences of airway manipulation. In this literature review, we highlight the recent evidence regarding new technologies applied to airway management. Before intubation, every patient should have an individualized structured airway management plan. Technology can help with both airway evaluation and tracheal intubation. Point-of-care cervical ultrasound and artificial intelligence models with automated facial analysis have been used to predict difficult airways. Various devices can be used in airway management. This includes a robotic video endoscope that guides intubation based on real image recognition, a laryngeal mask with a non-inflatable cuff that tries to reduce local complications, video laryngeal masks that are able to confirm the correct position and facilitate intubation, Viescope™, a videolaryngoscope developed for combat medicine with a unique circular blade, a system that uses cervical transillumination for glottis identification in difficult airways and Vivasight SL™ tracheal tube, which has a high-resolution camera at its tip guaranteeing visual assurance of tube position as well as guiding bronchial blocker position. To conclude, we detailed the challenges in airway management outside the operating room as well as described suctionassisted laryngoscopy and airway decontamination technique for contaminated airways. Further research in the clinical setting is recommended to better support the use of these technologies Abbreviations: AI = artificial intelligence, DSE = distance from the skin to the epiglottis, IRRIS = infrared red intubation system, NAP4 = 4th National Audit Project, POCUS = point-of-care ultrasound, SADs = supraglottic airway devices, SALAD = suctionassisted laryngoscopy and airway decontamination, VL = videolaryngoscopesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Determinants of antenatal care utilization – contacts and screenings – in São Tome e Principe: a hospital-based cross-sectional study

© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.Background: Sao Tome & Principe (STP) has a high peri-neonatal mortality rate and access to high-quality care before childbirth has been described as one of the most effective means of reducing it. The country has a gap in the coverage-content of antenatal care (ANC) services that must be addressed to better allocate resources to ultimately improve maternal and neonatal health. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the determinants for adequate ANC utilization considering the number and timing of ANC contacts and screening completion. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was undertaken among women admitted for delivery at Hospital Dr. Ayres de Menezes (HAM). Data were abstracted from ANC pregnancy cards and from a structured face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire. ANC utilization was classified as partial vs adequate. Adequate ANC utilization was defined as having ANC 4 or more contacts, first trimester enrolment plus one or more hemoglobin tests, urine, and ultrasound. The collected data were entered into QuickTapSurvey and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify determinants of adequate ANC utilization at P-value < 0.05. Results: A total of 445 mothers were included with a mean age of 26.6 ± 7.1, an adequate ANC utilization was identified in 213 (47.9%; 95% CI: 43.3-52.5) and a partial ANC utilization in 232 (52.1%; 95% CI: 47.5-56.7). Age 20-34 [AOR 2.27 (95% CI: 1.28-4.04), p = 0.005] and age above 35 [AOR 2.5 (95% CI: 1.21-5.20), p = 0.013] when comparing with women aged 14-19 years, urban residence [AOR 1.98 (95% CI: 1.28-3.06), p < 0.002], and planned pregnancy [AOR 2.67 (95% CI: 1.6-4.2), p < 0.001] were the determinants of adequate ANC utilization. Conclusion: Less than half of the pregnant women had adequate ANC utilization. Maternal age, residence and type of pregnancy planning were the determinants for adequate ANC utilization. Stakeholders should focus on raising awareness of the importance of ANC screening and engaging more vulnerable women in earlier utilization of family planning services and choosing a pregnancy plan, as a key strategy to improve neonatal health outcomes in STP.AV was supported by the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) (https://www.fct.pt/index.phtml.pt/), grant number SFRH/BD/117037/2016.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio