Growth and magnetic properties of multiferroic LaxBi1-xMnO3 thin films

A comparative study of LaxBi1-xMnO3 thin films grown on SrTiO3 substrates is reported. It is shown that these films grow epitaxially in a narrow pressure-temperature range. A detailed structural and compositional characterization of the films is performed within the growth window. The structure and the magnetization of this system are investigated. We find a clear correlation between the magnetization and the unit-cell volume that we ascribe to Bi deficiency and the resultant introduction of a mixed valence on the Mn ions. On these grounds, we show that the reduced magnetization of LaxBi1-xMnO3 thin films compared to the bulk can be explained quantitatively by a simple model, taking into account the deviation from nominal composition and the Goodenough-Kanamori-Anderson rules of magnetic interactions

Antimicrobial resistance pattern among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from hospital-acquired urinary tract infection: a systematic review

Traballo Fin de Grao en Medicina. Curso 2020-2021Introducción. Las bacterias de la familia Enterobacteriaceae son los principales agentes patógenos causantes de infección del tracto urinario, que constituye el 19% de las infecciones de origen nosocomial. Su elevada incidencia y las tasas de resistencia implican una relevante carga de morbilidad y un incremento del coste económico. Objetivos. El objetivo de este estudio consiste en determinar las tasas de resistencia de Escherichia coli y Klebsiella pneumoniae causantes de infección del tracto urinario nosocomial a los antimicrobianos más relevantes en cuanto a su tratamiento y analizarlas según segmento de edad (adulta vs pediátrica), región continental y desarrollo socioeconómico. Materiales y métodos. Identificamos estudios prospectivos, retrospectivos o transversales publicados entre 2015 y 2021 en PubMed mediante una estrategia de búsqueda previamente diseñada. Cribamos los estudios obtenidos según los criterios de elegibilidad establecidos. Extrajimos los datos de resistencia antibiótica de los estudios incluidos en la revisión sistemática y calculamos las tasas de resistencia (%R). Para el análisis por subgrupos, calculamos la diferencia absoluta de tasas de resistencia (|%R1-%R2|). Resultados. Escherichia coli ha mostrado el siguiente perfil de resistencia antimicrobiana: amoxicilina-clavulánico 41,54%, piperacilina-tazobactam 8,70%, cefotaxima 16,67%, imipenem 0,85%, amikacina 10,44%, ciprofloxacino 35,42%, fosfomicina 3,75% y cotrimoxazol 59,32%. Klebsiella pneumoniae ha mostrado el siguiente perfil de resistencia antimicrobiana: amoxicilina-clavulánico 40,27%, piperacilina-tazobactam 19,84%, cefotaxima 25,77%, imipenem 5,53%, amikacina 17,73%, ciprofloxacino 29,76%, fosfomicina 17,91% y cotrimoxazol 48,30%. Discusión. Cefiderocol y plazomicina son antibióticos de reciente desarrollo que demostraron efectividad en el tratamiento de la infección del tracto urinario complicada causada por bacilos gramnegativos multirresistentes (productores de βLEE o carbapenemasas). Conclusiones. Escherichia coli mostró resistencia a carbapenemas igual o inferior al 1%. Fosfomicina, nitrofurantoína y piperacilina-tazobactam presentan resistencias inferiores al 10%. Las tasas de resistencia de amikacina y cefalosporinas de 3ª generación son inferiores al 20%. Los antibióticos con mayor tasa de resistencia son: cefuroxima, trimetoprima-sulfametoxazol, amoxicilina-clavulánico y ciprofloxacino. Klebsiella pneumoniae mostró resistencia a carbapenemas inferior al 10%. Amikacina, fosfomicina y piperacilina-tazobactam presentan resistencias inferiores al 20%. Los antibióticos con mayor tasa de resistencia son: cefuroxima, nitrofurantoína, trimetoprima-sulfametoxazol y amoxicilina-clavulánicoIntrodución. As bacterias da familia Enterobacteriaceae son os principais axentes patóxenos causantes de infección do tracto urinario, que constitúe o 19% das infeccións de orixe nosocomial. A súa elevada incidencia e as taxas de resistencia implican unha relevante carga de morbilidade e un incremento do coste económico. Obxectivos. O obxectivo deste estudo consiste en determinar as taxas de resistencia de Escherichia coli e Klebsiella pneumoniae causantes de infección do tracto urinario nosocomial ós antibióticos máis relevantes en canto ó seu tratamento e analizalas segundo segmento de idade (adulta vs pediátrica), rexión continental e desenvolvemento socioeconómico. Materiais e métodos. Identificamos estudos prospectivos, retrospectivos ou transversais publicados entre 2015 e 2021 en PubMed mediante unha estratexia de búsqueda previamente deseñada. Cribamos os estudos obtidos segundo os criterios de elexibilidade establecidos. Extraemos os datos de resistencia antibiótica dos estudos incluídos na revisión sistemática e calculamos as taxas de resistencia (%R). Para a análise por subgrupos, calculamos a diferenza absoluta de taxas de resistencia (|%R1-%R2|). Resultados. Escherichia coli mostrou o seguinte perfil de resistencia antimicrobiana: amoxicilina-clavulánico 41,54%, piperacilina-tazobactam 8,70%, cefotaxima 16,67%, imipenem 0,85%, amikacina 10,44%, ciprofloxacino 35,42%, fosfomicina 3,75% y cotrimoxazol 59,32%. Klebsiella pneumoniae mostrou o seguinte perfil de resistencia antimicrobiana: amoxicilina-clavulánico 40,27%, piperacilina-tazobactam 19,84%, cefotaxima 25,77%, imipenem 5,53%, amikacina 17,73%, ciprofloxacino 29,76%, fosfomicina 17,91% y cotrimoxazol 48,30%. Discusión. Cefiderocol e plazomicina son antibióticos de recente desenvolvemento que demostraron efectividade no tratamento da infección do tracto urinario complicada causada por bacilos gramnegativos multirresistentes (productores de βLEE ou carbapenemasas). Conclusións. Escherichia coli mostrou resistencia a carbapenemas igual ou inferior ó 1%. Fosfomicina, nitrofurantoína e piperacilina-tazobactam presentan resistencias inferiores ó 10%. As taxas de resistencia de amikacina e cefalosporinas de 3ª xeración son inferiores ó 20%. Os antibióticos con maior taxa de resistencia son: cefuroxima, trimetoprima-sulfametoxazol, amoxicilina-clavulánico e ciprofloxacino. Klebsiella pneumoniae mostrou resistencia a carbapenemas igual ou inferior ó 10%. Amikacina, fosfomicina e piperacilina-tazobactam presentan resistencias inferiores ó 20%. Os antibióticos con maior taxa de resistencia son: cefuroxima, nitrofurantoína, trimetoprima-sulfametoxazol e amoxicilina-clavulánicoIntroduction. Enterobacteriaceae are the most frequent microorganisms isolated from urinary tract infection, which contributes to 19% of hospital-acquired infections. Its high incidence and antimicrobial resistance rates determine an increase in morbidity and economic burden. Objectives. The main objective is to determine antimicrobial resistance pattern of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from healthcare-associated urinary tract infection and stratify data by age group (adult vs pediatric), continental region and economic development. Materials and methods. We searched PubMed for prospective, retrospective and cross-sectional studies published between 2015 to 2021 with a previously designed search strategy. Identified studies were selected by eligibility criteria. We extracted antibiotic resistance data from included studies and calculated antimicrobial resistance rates (%R). We performed subgroup analysis by calculating resistance rates absolute diference (|%R1-%R2|). Results. Escherichia coli showed the following antibiotic resistance profile: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 41,54%, piperacillin/tazobactam 8,70%, cefotaxime 16,67%, imipenem 0,85%, amikacin 10,44%, ciprofloxacin 35,42%, fosfomycin 3,75% and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 59,32%. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed the following antibiotic resistance profile: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 40,27%, piperacillin/tazobactam 19,84%, cefotaxime 25,77%, imipenem 5,53%, amikacin 17,73%, ciprofloxacin 29,76%, fosfomycin 17,91% and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 48,30%. Discussion. Cefiderocol and plazomicin are recently developed antibiotics that proved effective for complicated urinary tract infection treatment, specially those caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamases or carbapenemases producing gramnegative bacilli. Conclusions. Escherichia coli showed carbapenem resistance less than or equal to 1%. Fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin and piperacillin/tazobactam resistance rates are less than 10%. Amikacin and third-generation cephalosporins show associated resistance under 20%. Cefuroxime, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ciprofloxacin are among the most resisted antibiotics. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed carbapenem resistance less than 10%. Amikacin, fosfomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam resistance rates are less than 20%. Cefuroxime, nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid are among the most resisted antibiotic

Obtención de láminas delgadas de Y-Ba-Cu-O sobre Si (100)

Se ha utilizado la evaporación secuencial de Cu, Y2O3 y BaF2 para la obtención de láminas delgadas superconductoras de YBa-CuO sobre substratos de Si monocristalino con orientación [100], recubiertos con una lámina barrera de Zr02. Se han estudiado los efectos de la variación de los espesores relativos de las láminas constituyentes y del espesor total de la lámina resultante. Las láminas se han caracterizado mediante medidas de la variación de la resistencia con la temperatura, microscopía electrónoca de barrido, difractometría de rayos X, microson-da electrónica y espectometría de masas de iones secundarios. Las láminas presentan un ligero carácter semiconductor en el estado normal, con temperaturas de inicio de la transición su-perconductora alrededor de 90 K, y resistencia nula, en el mejor de los casos, a 45 K

Las dificultades que plantea el concepto de unidad económico administrativa en el impuesto al patrimonio agropecuario.

La tributación en el sector agropecuario ha sufrido modificaciones significativas desde la puesta en vigencia de la Ley 18.083 (Reforma tributaria) y la posterior Ley 19.088 del año 2013. La creación del concepto de Unidad Económico Administrativa en el Impuesto al Patrimonio Agropecuario despierta particular interés en cuanto a su aplicación práctica. Este trabajo consiste en identificar las dificultades de aplicación del concepto

Characterization of hydroxyapatite laser ablation plumes by fast intensified CCD-imaging

ArF excimer laser pulses (193 nm, 20 ns, 150 mJ) have been focused on a hydroxyapatite (HA) target in similar conditions to those normally used for thin film deposition. Fast intensified CCD images of HA laser ablation plumes have been taken in vacuum and under different water vapor pressures ranging from 0.01 mbar to 1 mbar. Images of HA ablation in vacuum have shown a plume freely expanding at a constant velocity of 2.3 106 cm/s. HA ablation under a water vapor pressure of 0.01 mbar has revealed an expansion behavior very similar to that of ablation in vacuum. Images taken under a water vapor pressure of 0.1 mbar have shown the formation of a shock structure in the plume. Finally, HA ablation under a water vapor pressure of 1 mbar has revealed the development of some irregularities in the shape of the plume

Papel del logopeda en un centro gerontológico de estancias diurnas

[Resumen] El aumento de población anciana en nuestra sociedad es un hecho que ha provocado la aparición de nuevos recursos socio-sanitarios que cubran sus necesidades. El Centro Gerontológico de Estancias Diurnas es un servicio multidisciplinar diurno que se ocupa de la atención social y sanitaria, con actuación terapéutica y preventiva, de los mayores facilitando la vida laboral de las personas que se ocupan ordinariamente de su cuidado. Los centros de día deben proporcionar una atención integral debiendo, por tanto, estar constituidos por un equipo profesional multidisciplinar en el que la figura del logopeda esté presente desarrollando una labor específica. Parece, por tanto, interesante delimitar las funciones básicas a desempeñar, los trastornos más comunes susceptibles de intervención, así como, algunas directrices a tener en cuenta.[Abstract] The increase of the senior population in our society is an event that has provoked the appeareance of a new sort of social and sanitary recource, a structure that has to be concerned with the needs of this population. The gerontologic day-center is in brief a multidisciplinar service, that works during day time, treating the social and sanitary occupation of our elder with both therapeutic and preventive acts. This to provide a normal working life for the people who are usually taking care of these people. Day-centers have to answer these needs with a complete service, and for that reason they have to apile to a multidisciplinar staff in wich the speech-therapist develops a specific role. It seems though interesting to define the basic functions that a professional speech-therapist has to perform, such as the most common disorders capable of treatment and general intervention, as well derectives to bear in mind

Microestructura y propiedades mecánicas de SiC bimórfico a partir de madera de jara

Se ha sintetizado SiC biomórfico mediante infiltración reactiva de silicio fundido en preformas de carbón obtenidas por medio de pirólisis de ramas de jara, de diámetro típico 5 mm. Debido a la especial microestructura de esta madera, el producto final es un tubo de SiC de densidad 2.40g/cm3 (25% de la sección) relleno de carbón sin reaccionar. Se realizaron ensayos de resistencia a rotura a velocidad de compresión constante de 5 mm/min para temperaturas entre 1150 y 1350ºC, obteniéndose tensiones de rotura entre 600 y 1000 MPa y deformaciones a rotura menores del 2%. Los resultados promedio presentan un buen acuerdo con la extrapolación de los obtenidos para SiC biomórfico con densidades menores, y los de carburo de silicio formado por reacción (RF-SiC) de densidades mayores

Multilevel fast multipole algorithm for fields

An efficient implementation of the multilevel fast multipole algorithm is herein applied to accelerate the calculation of the electromagnetic near- and far-fields after the equivalent surface currents have been obtained. In spite of all the research efforts being drawn to the latter, the electric and/or magnetic fields (or other parameters derived from these) are ultimately the magnitudes of interest in most of the cases. Though straightforward, their calculation can be computationally demanding, and hence the importance of finding a sped-up accurate representation of the fields via a suitable setup of the method. A complete self-contained formulation for both near- and far-fields and for problems including multiple penetrable regions is shown in full detail. Through numerical examples we show that the efficiency and scalability of the implementation leads to a drastic reduction of the computation time.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. MAT2014-58201-C2-1-RMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. MAT2014-58201-C2-2-RGobierno Regional de Extremadura | Ref. IB1318

Fracture and deformation of ProTaper Next instruments after clinical use

The aim of this study was to evaluate the fracture and defects observed in ProTaper Next files discarded after a normal clinical use. 571 ProTaper Next rotary instruments were collected after clinical use from the clinic of endodontics over 12 months. The length of the files was measured using a digital caliper to determine any fracture, later all the files were evaluated under a stereomicroscope to observe defects such as unwinding, curving or fracture. The data obtained were analyzed using a chi-square and z test. 13.83% of the discarded files showed defects, the most frequent defect was fracture (7.53%). The highest rate of fracture was observed in the X1 (17.04) files (19.87%). The presence of deformations without fracture was also more frequent in the 17.04 file (11.8%). Because of the relatively high incidence of deformation of smaller files, these instruments should be considered as a single use. It is important not to exceed the maximum uses recommended by the manufacturer to reduce the risk of cyclic fatigue, the main cause of fracture of the files (79.07%). It is also important to observe each file after use to discard small defects or fractures

Phytoplankton composition in a neritic area of the Balearic Sea (Western Mediterranean)

From September 2000 to September 2001 the concentration of chlorophyll a, and the abundance and composition of the phytoplanktonic community was studied in a neritic station of the Mallorca Channel (Western Mediterranean). Sampling was performed approximately every 12 days. Chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton abundance reached maxima of 1.79 mg L2l and 352 cells mL21, respectively. It was a relatively productive period, as a result of the high convective mixing in winter and the prevalence of northern waters during most of the cycle. Phytoplankton proliferations (chlorophyll-a concentration .1 mg L21) were detected in January, February, March and June. Those blooms mainly happened under the influence of northern waters, with the exception of the February proliferation, when mixing conditions were found. During bloom conditions it highlights the presence of coccolithophores as proliferation precursors. During no-bloom situations the phytoplankton community was mainly constituted by nanoplanktonic flagellated forms. The Winter Mixing period was dominated by different groups of nanoflagellates, including coccolithophores, undetermined flagellates and dinoflagellates. However, in the most oligotrophic conditions (from April until November) dinoflagellates were clearly dominant, except in the DCM in summer where diatoms prevailed.Versión del edito