Perspectiva do cliente sobre processos e mecanismos de mudança em somatic experiencing

Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde - Psicoterapia Cognitiva-Comportamental e Integrativa), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2019Contextualização: Apesar dos estudos de eficácia das psicoterapias mais conhecidas no tratamento de trauma, nenhuma se destaca em termos de resultados, nem são adequadas a todo o tipo de casos. Das abordagens menos conhecidas, escolheu-se para este estudo a Somatic Experiencing® [SE®] pela base psicofisiológica que utiliza. Trata-se de uma abordagem integrativa corporal com pouca investigação, pretendendo este estudo caracterizar as componentes da mudança dos seus clientes e identificar eventuais factores específicos que auxiliem os processos de decisão do terapeuta integrativo. Método: Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo, com base num questionário de resposta aberta, disponibilizado numa plataforma online, tendo-se analisado as respostas anónimas de 38 participantes à luz de uma adaptação da Grounded Theory. Resultados: Foram extraídas duas categorias gerais: processos de mudança em sessão (do cliente e da terapia) e resultados intermédios ou mecanismos de mudança fora da sessão (do cliente). Em cada uma dela emergiram diversas subcategorias, destacando-se para os processos de mudança em sessão do cliente “Aperceber-se de mudanças na sensação e vontade sentidas”, para os processos de mudança em sessão da terapia “Promover a exploração da sensação sentida” e como mecanismos de mudança do cliente fora da sessão, o “Aumento da auto-regulação emocional”. Conclusão: foi possível demonstrar pela voz dos clientes da abordagem SE® a importância da promoção da consciência corporal e da auto-regulação fisiológica e emocional como processos e mecanismos de mudança mais específicos desta abordagem, a par de outros menos específicos.Background: Despite studies of the efficacy of the most well-known psychotherapies for treating trauma, none stand out in terms of results, nor are they suitable for all cases. Of the lesser known approaches, Somatic Experiencing® [SE®] was chosen for this study because of the psychophysiological model it uses. This is an integrative body approach with small but growing body of research. The aim of this study is to characterize the change components of its clients and identify any specific factors that help the decision-making process of the integrative therapist. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted based on an open-ended questionnaire, available on an online platform. Anonymous responses from 38 participants were analyzed in light of an adaptation of Grounded Theory. Results: Two general categories were extracted: session (client and therapy) change processes and intermediate outcomes or out-session (client) change mechanisms. In each of them emerged several subcategories, highlighting the client's in-session change processes, “realizing changes in felt sensation and desire,” the in-session change processes of therapy, “promoting the exploration of felt sensation” and the “increased emotional self-regulation” as mechanisms for out-session client change. Conclusion: It was possible to demonstrate by the verbal reports of SE® clients the efficacy of this approach in promoting body awareness and physiological and emotional self-regulation as change mechanisms of this approach, along with less specific ones

Analytical methodologies for the determination of biogenic amines in wines: an overview of the recent trends

Biogenic amines are naturally present in grapes or can occur during the vinification and aging processes, essentially due to the microorganism’s activity. When present in wines in high amount, biogenic amines may cause not only organoleptic defects but also adverse effects in sensitive human individuals, namely due to the toxicity of histamine, tyramine and putrescine. Even though there are no legal limits for the concentration of biogenic amines in wines, some European countries only recommend maximum limits for histamine. In this sense, biogenic amines in wines have been widely studied. The determination of amines in wines is commonly achieved by liquid chromatography, using derivatization reagents in order to promote its separation and detection. In alternative, other promising methodologies have been developed using capillary electrophoresis or biosensors, revealing lower costs and faster results, without needing a derivatization step. Nowadays, it is still a challenge to develop faster and inexpensive techniques or methodologies to apply in the wine industry. Thus, this review will be focused on the studies published in the last decade that involves the determination of biogenic amines in wines, highlighting the novelty, improvement and optimization of the analytical methods. The sample preparation procedures (such as derivatization reagents), the analytical methodologies and the new trends being followed by the wine industry are also described and discussed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Quantification of polyphenols with potential antioxidant properties in wines using reverse phase HPLC

A RP-HPLC method with photodiode array detection (DAD) was developed to separate, identify and quantify simultaneously the most representative phenolic compounds present in Madeira and Canary Islands wines. The optimized chromatographic method was carefully validated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy and sensitivity. A high repeatability and a good stability of phenolics retention times (a3%) were obtained, as well as relative peak area. Also high recoveries were achieved, over 80.3%. Polyphenols calibration curves showed a good linearity (r2 A0.994) within test ranges. Detection limits ranged between 0.03 and 11.5 lg/mL for the different polyphenols. A good repeatability was obtained, with intra-day variations less than 7.9%. The described method was successfully applied to quantify several polyphenols in 26 samples of different kinds of wine (red, ros and white wines) from Madeira and Canary Islands. Gallic acid was by far the most predominant acid. It represents more than 65% of all phenolics, followed by p-coumaric and caffeic acids. The major flavonoid found in Madeira wines was trans-resveratrol. In some wines, (–)-epicatechin was also found in highest amount. Canary wines were shown to be rich in gallic, caffeic and p-coumaric acids and quercetin

Introdução de tablets no ensino do manual em papel ao manual digital

No presente trabalho pretendemos caracterizar a introdução e utilização do tablet como manual digital em substituição do tradicional manual em papel, em contexto educativo no Agrupamento de Escolas de Cuba. Sendo uma tecnologia pioneira em contexto educativo, apoiada pela Direção de Serviços da Região Alentejo e acompanhada pedagogicamente pela Universidade Católica Portuguesa, no sentido de alterar as práticas de ensino/aprendizagem, urge conhecer a realidade da utilização da referida tecnologia em contexto escolar concreto, para identificar possíveis mudanças, dificuldades ou limitações. Para tal, depois de analisar o que a literatura diz sobre as questões e conceitos teóricos implícitos neste estudo, procedeu-se à definição do problema, apontámos as proposições e indicámos as questões orientadoras da nossa investigação. Acrescentámos a descrição da opção metodológica que nos levou a escolher o estudo de caso e a análise dos dados fez-se cruzando informação proveniente de diferentes fontes e diferentes instrumentos (análise documental, entrevistas e questionários a alunos e professores). Os resultados mostraram que o tablet poderá ser um recurso que pode captar a atenção dos alunos e ser um agente de motivação e participação. Para os professores o tablet pode ser um excelente recurso na aplicação de estratégias inovadoras e funcionar como um meio para cativar os alunos no desenvolvimento do conhecimento e estímulo do seu próprio raciocínio. Como principais obstáculos do uso do tablet nas escolas, podemos referir, problemas técnicos e o tempo de preparação de materiais realmente interativos.On the following work we pretend to distinct the introduction and usage of the tablet as a digital guide as a replacement of the traditional paper guide, on the context of the Agrupamento de Escolas de Cuba. Being a completely new and unexplored technology on the education context, supported by the Direção de Serviços da Região Alentejo and supervised by the Universidade Católica Portuguesa, in order to change the teaching/learning nowadays, it urges to know the reality of the already referred technology usage in a specific school context, in order to identify possible changes, difficulties or limitations. With that in mind, after analyzing what has been wrote about this topic and his theoretical concepts, we defined the problem, pointed prepositions and selected our investigation guide questions. After, we added our method option description which led us to chose the “study case”. The data analyzes was made by crossing information from different sources and instruments (documents, reviews and questionnaires made to both students and teachers). Our results have shown that the tablet might be a resource able to catch students attention and be a motivational and participation agent. For teachers the tablet might be an excellent resource in the application of innovating strategies and students encouragement to develop their knowledge and own thinking. As the main obstacle, we can highlight technical problems and the time to prepare interactive material

A interpretação de documentos no ensino da História e da Geografia: análise e contrução de documentos escritos e gráficos

O presente relatório, subordinado ao tema A Interpretação de Documentos no Ensino da História e da Geografia: análise e construção de documentos escritos e gráficos, pretende resumir e demonstrar o meu desempenho e evolução na Prática de Ensino Supervisionada que decorreu ao longo do ano lectivo 2012/2013. Este relatório realiza uma reflexão crítica sobre a importância da análise e interpretação de diferentes tipos de documentos no ensino/aprendizagem. Os principais objectivos das experiências de aprendizagem desenvolvidas ao longo da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada foram: Tomar consciência da capacidade dos alunos na leitura de documentos; Estimular a interpretação de documentos com vista à aquisição, compreensão, aplicação e análise de conhecimentos; Desenvolver nos alunos a capacidade de síntese, quer na expressão oral, quer na expressão escrita; Avaliar o desempenho dos alunos face aos objectivos estabelecidos e à dinâmica de trabalho atingida em sala de aula; Reflectir criticamente acerca das duas experiencias de aprendizagem elaboradas e aplicadas ao longo da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, quer em História, quer em Geografia

HPLC-DAD methodology for the quantification of organic acids, furans and polyphenols by direct injection of wine samples

This article proposes a simple and sensitive HPLC method with photo-diode array detection for the analysis of organic acids, monomeric polyphenols and furanic compounds in wine samples by direct injection. The chromatographic separation of 8 organic acids, 2 furans and 22 phenolic compounds was carried out with a buffered solution (pH 2.70) and acetonitrile as mobile phases and a difunctionally bonded C18 stationary phase, Atlantis dC18 (250 4.6 mm, 5mm) column. The elution was performed in 12 min for the organic acids and in 60 min for the phenolic compounds, including phenolic acids, stilbenes and flavonoids. Target compounds were detected at 210 nm (organic acids, flavan-3-ols and benzoic acids), 254 nm (ellagic acid), 280 nm (furans and cinnamic acid), 315 nm (hydroxycinnamic acids and trans-resveratrol) and 360 nm (flavonoids). The RSD for the repeatability test (n55) of peak area and retention times were below 3.1 and 0.3%, respectively, for phenolics and below 1.0 and 0.2% for organic acids. The RSDs expressing the reproducibility of the method were higher than for the repeatability results but all below 9.0%. Method accuracy was evaluated by the recovery results, with averaged values between 80 and 104% for polyphenols and 97–105% for organic acids. The calibration curves, obtained by triplicate injection of standard solutions, showed good linearity with regression coefficients higher than 0.9982 for polyphenols and 0.9997 for organic acids. The LOD was in the range of 0.07–0.49 mg/L for polyphenols (cinnamic and gallic acids, respectively) and 0.001–0.046 g/L for organic acids (oxalic and lactic acids, respectively). The method was successfully used to measure and assess the polyphenolic fingerprint and organic acids profile of red, white, rose ´ and fortified wines

Calidad de vida de estudiantes del grado de enfermería

O presente estudo objetivou descrever o perfil sociodemográfico dos estudantes de enfermagem e compreender o significado atribuído para sua atual qualidade de vida. Foram entrevistados 65 acadêmicos do 8º semestre do ano de 2007, por meio da aplicação de questionário autoreferido, com informações de dados sociodemográficos e questões abertas sobre qualidade de vida. A população de estudo foi predominantemente do sexo feminino, solteira, com idade entre 22 a 24 anos e com diferentes percepções sobre sua qualidade de vida, apreendidas por meio da vivência de fatores favoráveis e desfavoráveis no decorrer dos anos de aprendizado. O estudo destacou a percepção da qualidade de vida sob a ótica do estudante de enfermagemThe present study aimed to describe socio-demographic profile of nursing students and to comprehend the meaning of quality of life under theirs perspective. Sixty-five students of eighth semester of 2007 were interviewed, by application of self reported questionnaire, with questions about socio demographic data and open question about quality of life. The population was mainly female, single, with age among 22 to 24 years old and with different perceptions about own quality of life, apprehended by experience of favorable and destructive factors during the learning years. The study highlighted the quality of life perception of nursing student's perspectiveEl objetivo del presente estudio fue describir el perfil sociodemográfico de los estudiantes de enfermería y comprender sus percepciones sobre propia calidad de vida. Sesenta y cinco estudiantes del octavo semestre de 2007 fueran entrevistados por el uso del cuestionario, con informaciones sobre datos sociodemográficos y preguntas abiertas sobre calidad de vida. La populación era principalmente femenina, solas, con edad entre 22 y 24 años y con diversas opiniones sobre propia calidad de vida, prendida por la experiencia factores favorables e destructibles durante los años de la aprendizaje. El estudio destacó la percepción de la calidad de vida de los estudiantes de la enfermerí

Influence de l'effeuillage sur l'efficience thermique de l'accumulation des anthocyanes dans la baie

The aim of this work was to analyse the effects of leaf removal on Touriga Nacional berry temperature and consequent thermal efficiency for anthocyanins biosynthesis. The field experiment was located at Dão Wine Research Station, Nelas, Portugal in an adult vineyard planted with North-South oriented rows, with the red grape variety Touriga Nacional grafted on 110R rootstock. The vines were trained on a vertical shoot positioning, spur-pruned on a bilateral Royat cordon system and deficit irrigated (50% ETc). The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications of twelve vines per elemental plot, and the following two treatments: basal leaf removal (LR) and a control non-defoliated (ND). Berry temperature (Tb) was measured continuously during the second half (3rd to 19th September) of the 2009 ripening period using two-junction, fine-wires copper-constantan thermocouples manually inserted into the berries and connected to a data logger. A sample of clusters located in different canopy positions (exposed and internal; facing East and West) of 4 vines per treatment were used. To quantify the effect of Tb on anthocyanins biosynthesis, the berry hourly mean temperatures were converted into normal heat hours (NHH) and accumulated per day (NHHd) and per monitoring period (NHHc). For quantification of thermal requirements for anthocyanins synthesis and accumulation, a minimum of 10°C, a maximum of 35°C, and an optimum of 26°C were used. Meteorological variables were measured at an automatic weather station installed within the experimental plot. For all days of the monitoring period, daily average berry temperature (dTb) of all monitored berries was lower in ND treatment than in LR, being the maximum differences between treatments registered on 11th September. The highest dTb differences between treatments were registered on the clusters located at the west side of the canopy on 7th September while dTb of the clusters located in the centre of the canopy was less affected by leaf removal. The control non-defoliated treatment (ND) presented a significantly higher NHHc than that of LR being the higher differences presented by the clusters located in the west side. The lowest differences in NHHc were obtained in the clusters located in the centre of the canopy. Our results show that the thermal efficiency for berry anthocyanins accumulation was significantly affected by leaf removal and that this effect was dependent of the meteorological conditions, time of the day and berry/cluster location into the vine canopy

Desnaturação de alta resolução aplicada ao diagnóstico genético de miocardiopatia hipertrófica

Dissertação apresentada para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Genética Molecular e Biomedicina, pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaA Miocardiopatia Hipertrófica (MH) é uma doença genética complexa do miocárdio com um padrão de transmissão autossómico dominante e uma prevalência de 1:500, sendo a principal causa de morte súbita em jovens e atletas. É histologicamente caracterizada por uma hipertrofia e desarranjo da arquitectura tecidular a nível dos cardiomiócitos acompanhada por fibrose intersticial. Mais de 30 genes foram já associados ao desenvolvimento de MH, incluindo os genes sarcoméricos ACTC1, MYBPC3, MYH6, MYH7, MYL2, MYL3, TNNC1, TNNI3, TNNT2, TPM1 e TTN. Actualmente, o diagnóstico genético desta patologia é efectuado por sequenciação automática (SA), estando limitado à análise de apenas cinco genes, dado os consideráveis custos associados e o elevado número de genes e mutações envolvidas na MH. Neste contexto surge a plataforma de aplicação em larga escala, Desnaturação de Alta Resolução (HRM). Esta plataforma permite a detecção de qualquer tipo de alteração em sequências de DNA em cadeia dupla, de modo eficiente e mais económico, tendo já resultados comprovados noutras patologias. Neste trabalho, pretendeu-se validar a aplicação da técnica de HRM ao diagnóstico genético de MH, e estudando um pequeno grupo de pacientes de MH. Para tal, foram construídos e testados no termociclador LightCycler 480® 195 pares de primers para a amplificação por PCR das regiões codificantes de 24 genes associados a MH, tendo sido atingidas as condições reaccionais óptimas para aproximadamente 75% destes. Estas condições foram seguidamente aplicadas para o estudo genético de 22 indivíduos com fenótipo, suspeita clínica ou história familiar de MH. Foram analisadas por HRM 62 regiões genómicas em 12 genes associados a MH, tendo sido detectadas 41 alterações. Destas, foram confirmadas por SA três novas mutações missense nos genes TNNT2 (c.722 A>T (p.Lys241Met)), MYH7 (c.671 A>T (p.Asn224Ile)) e MYBPC3 (c.817 C>T (p.Arg273Cys)); seis variantes silenciosas nos genes MYBPC3, MYH7 e CSRP3; um SNP raro anteriormente descrito e de significado desconhecido no gene MYBPC3 e uma alteração intrónica no gene TNNI3. Aguardam-se ainda vários resultados de SA. Até à data com uma taxa de falsos positivos de 0%, a técnica de HRM diminuiu drasticamente a necessidade de SA, diminuindo os custos para o paciente e tempo de espera dos resultados. Esta técnica pode assim ser considerada uma excelente estratégia de diagnóstico de patologias complexas como é exemplo a MH

Amino acids and biogenic amines evolution during the estufagem of fortified wines

The current study was focused on the impact of accelerated ageing (heating step) on the amino acid and biogenic amine profiles of fortified wines. In this sense, three Madeira wines from two commonly used grape varieties (one red and the other white) were analysed during the heating, at standard (45∘ C, 3 months) and overheating (70∘ C, 1 month) conditions, following a precolumn derivatization procedure using iodoacetic acid, o-phthaldialdehyde, and 2-mercaptoethanol, carried out in the injection loop prior to RP-HPLC-FLD detection. Eighteen amino acids were identified, with arginine being the most abundant. An important decrease of the amino acid levels was detected during the standard heating (up to 30%), enhanced up to 61% by the temperature increase. Cysteine, histidine, and asparagine revealed the greatest decreases at 45∘ C. Conversely, some amino acids, such as asparagine, slightly increased. Four biogenic amines were identified but always in trace amounts. Finally, it was observed that the accelerated ageing did not favour the biogenic amine development. The results also indicate that the heating process promotes the amino acid transformation into new ageing products.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio