14 research outputs found

    Degradação e estabilização do diclofenaco em nanocåpsulas poliméricas

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    I den tidigare gjorda kunskapsöversikten fann vi “hĂ„l” i forskningen gĂ€llande elevers upplevelser om kooperativt lĂ€rande. Denna studie undersöker dĂ€rför elevers upplevelser och erfarenheter om kamratrespons i matematikĂ€mnet. Lundgren, SĂ€ljö och Liberg (2014, s.308) menar pĂ„ att kunskap Ă€r nĂ„gonting som vĂ€xer fram i interaktion mellan elever. LĂ€randet ses alltsĂ„ som en del av den mĂ€nskliga gemenskapen dĂ€r skolans uppgift Ă€r att involvera mĂ€nniskor i samhĂ€llets kollektiva kunskaper. Fohlin et al. (2017 s.13) menar i sin tur pĂ„ att det samhĂ€llet vi lever i idag Ă€r demokratiskt och förvĂ€ntas dĂ€rför ha sammanlĂ€nkande roller. Varför speglas dĂ„ inte undervisningen av ett hjĂ€lpande beteende. LĂ€roplanen för grundskolan, förskoleklassen och fritidshemmet 2011 (Lgr11, s. 9) slĂ„r fast att skolan ska strĂ€va efter att vara en levande och social gemenskap som ska bidra till vilja, trygghet samt lust att lĂ€ra. Den ska Ă€ven strĂ€va efter att skapa de ultimata förutsĂ€ttningarna för elevernas kunskapsutveckling, bildning och tĂ€nkande. Varje enskild elev i skolan har rĂ€tt att fĂ„ utvecklas, fĂ„ en ökad glĂ€dje, fĂ„ möjlighet till att uppleva tillfredsstĂ€llelse som ges vid framsteg och klara av de svĂ„righeter som kan uppstĂ„. Syftet med studien Ă€r dĂ€rför att undersöka yngre elevers upplevelser och erfarenheter av arbetssĂ€ttet kamratrespons inom matematikĂ€mnet. Vilka Ă€r elevernas upplevelser om kamratrespons och hur arbetar eleverna med kamratrespons och varför gör de det? För att finna svar pĂ„ studiens syfte och frĂ„gestĂ€llningar har en kvalitativ metod anvĂ€nts, genom fokusgruppsdiskussioner. Resultatet i studien indikerar i huvudsak pĂ„ att eleverna har en positiv instĂ€llning och upplevelse till arbetssĂ€ttet kamratrespons. Det framgĂ„r Ă€ven att eleverna inte endast trĂ€nar Ă€mnesinnehĂ„ll utan Ă€ven sociala förmĂ„gor dĂ„ lĂ€randet sker i en social kontext. Resultatet visar att kamratrespons har positiv inverkan pĂ„ elevers kunskapsutveckling, uthĂ„llighet och motivation. Men förmĂ„gan att ge varandra gynnsam respons krĂ€ver övning dĂ€r elevernas ansvarskĂ€nsla behöver utvecklas, bĂ„de för sitt eget men ocksĂ„ för gruppens lĂ€rande. För att kunna genomföra kamratrespons pĂ„ korrekt sĂ€tt krĂ€vs det prioritering frĂ„n lĂ€raren under en lĂ€ngre period. LĂ€raren behöver ocksĂ„ ha en förstĂ„else för att arbetssĂ€ttet inte passar alla elever. Men dĂ„ forskningen belyser goda effekter nĂ€r det gĂ€ller kooperativt lĂ€rande fĂ„r lĂ€raren stöd i sitt didaktiska beslut att arbeta med kamratrespons

    Degradação e estabilização do diclofenaco em nanocåpsulas poliméricas

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    The parameters which affect the degradation and stabilization of diclofenac in suspensions of nanocapsules and of the corresponding spray-dried powders were investigated. Formulations were subjected to 14 months of storage at room temperature. In addition, a study of the degradation of diclofenac was carried out by exposing the formulations or mixtures (drug and adjuvants) to UVC wavelengths. The presence of Epikuron 170Âź in a concentration higher than 3.06 mg/mL stabilizes the drug, avoiding its reduction or degradation. The degradation products were isolated, analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and identified as 2-(2',6'-dichlorophenyl)aminobenzyl alcohol and N-(2',6'-dichlorophenyl)anthranilylaldehyde

    Sensitive ultra-fast liquid chromatography method for rosmarinic acid determination in Wistar rat’s plasma and brain

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    Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a polyphenolic compound recently associated to a neuroprotective potential. Nevertheless, besides the RA poor bioavailability and availability in the central nervous system (CNS) some alternatives to RA delivery, protection, and release been investigated. Recently, our research group optimized chitosan-coated nanoemulsions for RA nasal administration and demonstrated the glioprotective effect against LPS-induced damage in astrocytes. In this context, this study aimed to validate a fast, simplified and stability-indicating UFLC method previously reported by our research group for RA determination in Wistar rat’s plasma and brain, to be employed in further in vivo studies, since the nasal route for RA are not completely understood. The method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, matrix effect, stability, precision, accuracy and extraction recovery for rat plasma and brain, according to the official guidelines. The method was sensitive, linear (0.1 - 10 ”g.mL−1), precise and accurate, and showed RA recovery higher than 85% in plasma and brain. Overall results demonstrated that method was successfully validated for determination of RA in rat plasma and brain matrices with high sensibility and with high recovery using simple extraction processes

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    Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a polyphenolic compound recently associated to a neuroprotective potential. Nevertheless, besides the RA poor bioavailability and availability in the central nervous system (CNS) some alternatives to RA delivery, protection, and release been investigated. Recently, our research group optimized chitosan-coated nanoemulsions for RA nasal administration and demonstrated the glioprotective effect against LPS-induced damage in astrocytes. In this context, this study aimed to validate a fast, simplified and stability-indicating UFLC method previously reported by our research group for RA determination in Wistar rat’s plasma and brain, to be employed in further in vivo studies, since the nasal route for RA are not completely understood. The method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, matrix effect, stability, precision, accuracy and extraction recovery for rat plasma and brain, according to the official guidelines. The method was sensitive, linear (0.1 - 10 ”g.mL−1), precise and accurate, and showed RA recovery higher than 85% in plasma and brain. Overall results demonstrated that method was successfully validated for determination of RA in rat plasma and brain matrices with high sensibility and with high recovery using simple extraction processes

    Antiherpes Activity and Skin/Mucosa Distribution of Flavonoids from Achyrocline satureioides Extract Incorporated into Topical Nanoemulsions

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    This study investigated the inhibitory effects of Achyrocline satureioides extract (ASE) incorporated into a topical nanoemulsion on Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1/KOS strain) replication, as well as the distribution of the main ASE flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, and 3-O-methylquercetin) in porcine skin and mucosa. The ASE-loaded nanoemulsion showed more pronounced effects against HSV-1 replication when compared to the ASE or pure quercetin, as determined by the viral plaque number reduction assay. All flavonoids were detected in the skin epidermis (2.2 ”g/cm2) and the mucosa upper layers (3.0 ”g/cm2) from ASE-loaded nanoemulsion until 8 h after topical application. A higher amount of flavonoids was detected when these tissues were impaired, especially in deeper mucosa layers (up to 7-fold). Flavonoids were detected in the receptor fluid only when the mucosa was injured. Such results were supported by confocal microscopy images. Overall, these findings suggest that the tested ASE-loaded nanoemulsion has potential to be used topically for herpes infections
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