Narrative Information Extraction with Non-Linear Natural Language Processing Pipelines

Computational narrative focuses on methods to algorithmically analyze, model, and generate narratives. Most current work in story generation, drama management or even literature analysis relies on manually authoring domain knowledge in some specific formal representation language, which is expensive to generate. In this dissertation we explore how to automatically extract narrative information from unannotated natural language text, how to evaluate the extraction process, how to improve the extraction process, and how to use the extracted information in story generation applications. As our application domain, we use Vladimir Propp's narrative theory and the corresponding Russian and Slavic folktales as our corpus. Our hypothesis is that incorporating narrative-level domain knowledge (i.e., Proppian theory) to core natural language processing (NLP) and information extraction can improve the performance of tasks (such as coreference resolution), and the extracted narrative information. We devised a non-linear information extraction pipeline framework which we implemented in Voz, our narrative information extraction system. Finally, we studied how to map the output of Voz to an intermediate computational narrative model and use it as input for an existing story generation system, thus further connecting existing work in NLP and computational narrative. As far as we know, it is the first end-to-end computational narrative system that can automatically process a corpus of unannotated natural language stories, extract explicit domain knowledge from them, and use it to generate new stories. Our user study results show that specific error introduced during the information extraction process can be mitigated downstream and have virtually no effect on the perceived quality of the generated stories compared to generating stories using handcrafted domain knowledge.Ph.D., Computer Science -- Drexel University, 201

Contextual Multilingual Spellchecker for User Queries

Spellchecking is one of the most fundamental and widely used search features. Correcting incorrectly spelled user queries not only enhances the user experience but is expected by the user. However, most widely available spellchecking solutions are either lower accuracy than state-of-the-art solutions or too slow to be used for search use cases where latency is a key requirement. Furthermore, most innovative recent architectures focus on English and are not trained in a multilingual fashion and are trained for spell correction in longer text, which is a different paradigm from spell correction for user queries, where context is sparse (most queries are 1-2 words long). Finally, since most enterprises have unique vocabularies such as product names, off-the-shelf spelling solutions fall short of users' needs. In this work, we build a multilingual spellchecker that is extremely fast and scalable and that adapts its vocabulary and hence speller output based on a specific product's needs. Furthermore, our speller out-performs general purpose spellers by a wide margin on in-domain datasets. Our multilingual speller is used in search in Adobe products, powering autocomplete in various applications

Plataforma para la búsqueda de talento usando programario libre y web 2.0

El objetivo de este proyecto es el de crear una plataforma para conectar a empresas con la necesidad de cubrir puestos de trabajo muy concretos con los mejores candidatos. Más allá del proyecto descrito en este documento, se pretende crear una empresa integradora de servicios de terceros tanto para empresas como para candidatos. Este proyecto se centra en el desarrollo de una plataforma Web basada en programario libre. La plataforma gira entorno a un portal que integra servicios de búsqueda de candidatos, reclutamiento y selección de personal. El portal utilizará la Web 2.0 y las redes sociales para llevar a cabo su cometido. El portal está disponible en http://www.sntalent.com.L'objectiu d'aquest projecte és el de crear una plataforma per connectar empreses amb la necessitat de cobrir llocs de treball molt concrets amb els millors candidats. Més enllà del projecte descrit en aquest document, es pretén crear una empresa integradora de serveis de tercers, tant per empreses com per candidats. Aquest projecte se centra en el desenvolupament d'una plataforma web basada en programari lliure. La plataforma gira entorn a un portal que integra serveis de cerca de candidats, reclutament i selecció de personal. El portal utilitzarà la web 2.0 i les xarxes socials per dur a terme la serva funció. El portal està disponible a http://www.sntalent.com.The objective of this project is to create a platform to connect businesses which need to cover very specific jobs with the best candidates. Beyond the project described in this document there is an aim to create a company that integrates third-party services for both companies and candidates. This project focuses on developing a Web platform based on free software. The platform revolves around a portal that integrates search services for candidates, recruitment and selection. The portal uses Web 2.0 and social networks capabilities. The final portal is available at http://www.sntalent.com

GeoServicios de AMB y migración a OpenStreetMap

Este documento resume el trabajo realizado por la Mancomunitat de Municipis de l’Àrea Metropolitana de Barcelona (AMB) para la difusión por Internet de la información cartográfica que generan y la colaboración con la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) para migrar el callejero de los municipios que componen el AMB a formato OpenStreetMap (OSM). La difusión gratuita por Internet de la mayor parte, los más utilizados, de los productos que componen el catálogo de Cartografía de la MMAMB pretende facilitar a todos los interesados el acceso a esta infraestructura tan valiosa. Se ha desarrollado también una exportación de los datos que conforman la “Guia de carrers de l’AMB” a OSM. Los objetivos de esta exportación son: la evaluación de la cesión de datos públicos a OSM; el establecimiento de los protocolos necesarios para usar datos procedentes de OSM; la creación de un portal web usando la tecnología de OSM para que los diferentes municipios puedan realizar la edición distribuida de datos cartográficos de AMB; y el uso de herramientas libres para la renderización de mapas, tanto en tiempo real como diferido.Postprint (published version

The role of clonal communication and heterogeneity in breast cancer

Background: Cancer is a rapidly evolving, multifactorial disease that accumulates numerous genetic and epigenetic alterations. This results in molecular and phenotypic heterogeneity within the tumor, the complexity of which is further amplified through specific interactions between cancer cells. We aimed to dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying the cooperation between different clones. Methods: We produced clonal cell lines derived from the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line, using the UbC-StarTrack system, which allowed tracking of multiple clones by color: GFP C3, mKO E10 and Sapphire D7. Characterization of these clones was performed by growth rate, cell metabolic activity, wound healing, invasion assays and genetic and epigenetic arrays. Tumorigenicity was tested by orthotopic and intravenous injections. Clonal cooperation was evaluated by medium complementation, co-culture and co-injection assays. Results: Characterization of these clones in vitro revealed clear genetic and epigenetic differences that affected growth rate, cell metabolic activity, morphology and cytokine expression among cell lines. In vivo, all clonal cell lines were able to form tumors; however, injection of an equal mix of the different clones led to tumors with very few mKO E10 cells. Additionally, the mKO E10 clonal cell line showed a significant inability to form lung metastases. These results confirm that even in stable cell lines heterogeneity is present. In vitro, the complementation of growth medium with medium or exosomes from parental or clonal cell lines increased the growth rate of the other clones. Complementation assays, co-growth and co-injection of mKO E10 and GFP C3 clonal cell lines increased the efficiency of invasion and migration. Conclusions: These findings support a model where interplay between clones confers aggressiveness, and which may allow identification of the factors involved in cellular communication that could play a role in clonal cooperation and thus represent new targets for preventing tumor progression

Personalization Paradox in Behavior Change Apps:Lessons from a Social Comparison-Based Personalized App for Physical Activity

Social comparison-based features are widely used in social computing apps. However, most existing apps are not grounded in social comparison theories and do not consider individual differences in social comparison preferences and reactions. This paper is among the first to automatically personalize social comparison targets. In the context of an m-health app for physical activity, we use artificial intelligence (AI) techniques of multi-armed bandits. Results from our user study (n=53) indicate that there is some evidence that motivation can be increased using the AI-based personalization of social comparison. The detected effects achieved small-to-moderate effect sizes, illustrating the real-world implications of the intervention for enhancing motivation and physical activity. In addition to design implications for social comparison features in social apps, this paper identified the personalization paradox, the conflict between user modeling and adaptation, as a key design challenge of personalized applications for behavior change. Additionally, we propose research directions to mitigate this Personalization Paradox

All-cause mortality in the cohorts of the Spanish AIDS Research Network (RIS) compared with the general population: 1997Ł2010

Abstract Background: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has produced significant changes in mortality of HIVinfected persons. Our objective was to estimate mortality rates, standardized mortality ratios and excess mortality rates of cohorts of the AIDS Research Network (RIS) (CoRIS-MD and CoRIS) compared to the general population. Methods: We analysed data of CoRIS-MD and CoRIS cohorts from 1997 to 2010. We calculated: (i) all-cause mortality rates, (ii) standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and (iii) excess mortality rates for both cohort for 100 personyears (py) of follow-up, comparing all-cause mortality with that of the general population of similar age and gender. Results: Between 1997 and 2010, 8,214 HIV positive subjects were included, 2,453 (29.9%) in CoRIS-MD and 5,761 (70.1%) in CoRIS and 294 deaths were registered. All-cause mortality rate was 1.02 (95% CI 0.91-1.15) per 100 py, SMR was 6.8 (95% CI 5.9-7.9) and excess mortality rate was 0.8 (95% CI 0.7-0.9) per 100 py. Mortality was higher in patients with AIDS, hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection, and those from CoRIS-MD cohort (1997. Conclusion: Mortality among HIV-positive persons remains higher than that of the general population of similar age and sex, with significant differences depending on the history of AIDS or HCV coinfection

Plataforma para la búsqueda de talento usando programario libre y web 2.0

El objetivo de este proyecto es el de crear una plataforma para conectar a empresas con la necesidad de cubrir puestos de trabajo muy concretos con los mejores candidatos. Más allá del proyecto descrito en este documento, se pretende crear una empresa integradora de servicios de terceros tanto para empresas como para candidatos. Este proyecto se centra en el desarrollo de una plataforma Web basada en programario libre. La plataforma gira entorno a un portal que integra servicios de búsqueda de candidatos, reclutamiento y selección de personal. El portal utilizará la Web 2.0 y las redes sociales para llevar a cabo su cometido. El portal está disponible en http://www.sntalent.com.L'objectiu d'aquest projecte és el de crear una plataforma per connectar empreses amb la necessitat de cobrir llocs de treball molt concrets amb els millors candidats. Més enllà del projecte descrit en aquest document, es pretén crear una empresa integradora de serveis de tercers, tant per empreses com per candidats. Aquest projecte se centra en el desenvolupament d'una plataforma web basada en programari lliure. La plataforma gira entorn a un portal que integra serveis de cerca de candidats, reclutament i selecció de personal. El portal utilitzarà la web 2.0 i les xarxes socials per dur a terme la serva funció. El portal està disponible a http://www.sntalent.com.The objective of this project is to create a platform to connect businesses which need to cover very specific jobs with the best candidates. Beyond the project described in this document there is an aim to create a company that integrates third-party services for both companies and candidates. This project focuses on developing a Web platform based on free software. The platform revolves around a portal that integrates search services for candidates, recruitment and selection. The portal uses Web 2.0 and social networks capabilities. The final portal is available at http://www.sntalent.com

Narrative Extraction, Processing and Generation for Interactive Fiction and Computer Games

Often, computer games require meaningful stories and complex worlds in order to successfully engage players. Developing a high-quality story and rich characters can be one of the hardest tasks in the game development process. Narrative is a key element in building game worlds for interactive digital entertainment. I am particularly interested in computational narrative algorithms that can analyze stories, model narrative, and generate plots to be used in various forms and game domains

Towards Story-Based Content Generation: From Plot-Points to Maps

Abstract—Some computer game genres require meaningful stories and complex worlds in order to successfully engage players. In this paper we look at a procedural approach to storybased map generation focusing on the tight relationship between stories and the virtual worlds where those stories will unfold. Our long term goal is to develop procedural content generation techniques that can produce maps supporting multiple stories. We present an approach that takes, as input, the specification of a story space as a collection of plot points. Causal relations between these plot points and spatial relationships between locations define different story and spatial structures. Our system generates multiple configurations of a map, determines the stories that are actually supported in each map, and evaluates their quality, in order to find maps that support high quality stories from a storytelling perspective. I