Nivel de proteína C reactiva en pacientes con obesidad mórbida antes y después de cirugía bariátrica

ResumenAntecedentesLa obesidad humana se asocia a un estado proinflamatorio reflejado en elevación de marcadores como la proteína C reactiva (PCR).ObjetivosEstablecer los valores de PCR basales y a 6 meses de la cirugía bariátrica, así como los cambios en peso, índice de masa corporal (IMC), leucocitos y glucemia.Materiales y métodosSe realizó un estudio observacional, analítico, retrospectivo, longitudinal y abierto. Se midieron los valores de PCR sérica y su relación con el peso, IMC, leucocitos y glucemia de manera basal y 6 meses posteriores a cirugía bariátrica en 36 adultos con obesidad mórbida.ResultadosLa media ± desviación estándar de la PCR pre y posoperatorio (mg/l) fue 1.15±0.86 y 0.34±0.28, respectivamente, con p<0.0001; peso (kg) 112.10±22.91 y 84.82±17.11, p=0,0443; IMC (kg/m2) 42.48±5.97 y 32.2±4.79, p=0.0988; glucosa (mg/dl) 100.58±17.82 y 87.11±8.49, p<0.0001, y leucocitos (× 103/mm3) 8.62±1.69 y 6.99±1.56, p=0.3192.La PCR basal solo correlacionó con el peso e IMC (p=0.047 y p=0.027, respectivamente) y no hubo correlación entre la PCR posoperatoria y ninguno de los parámetros evaluados.ConclusionesLa PCR tiene una relación lineal significativa en el preoperatorio con el peso y el IMC. Los pacientes sometidos a cirugía bariátrica presentaron disminución significativa en la PCR, el peso y la glucemia en ayuno a los 6 meses posterior a la cirugía.AbstractBackgroundHuman obesity is associated with a proinflammatory state and an elevated level of mediators, such as C-reactive protein (CRP).ObjectivesTo establish CRP levels as baseline preoperative values and then at 6 months after bariatric surgery, as well as to determine the changes in weight, body mass index (BMI), leukocytes, and glycemia.Materials and methodsAn observational, analytical, retrospective, longitudinal, and open study was conducted. Serum CRP values were measured in 36 adults presenting with morbid obesity, and their baseline relation to weight, BMI, leukocytes, and glycemia was determined; the relation to the same parameters was established again, 6 months after bariatric surgery.ResultsThe mean and standard deviation of preoperative and postoperative CRP (mg/L) was 1.15±0.86 and 0.34±0.28, respectively with p<0.0001; weight (kg) 112.10±22.91 and 84.82±17.11, p=0.0443; BMI (kg/m2) 42.48±5.97 and 32.2±4.79, p=0.0988; glucose (mg/dL) 100.58±17.82 and 87.11±8.49, p<0.0001, and leukocytes (× 103/mm3) 8.62±1.69 and 6.99±1.56, p=0.3192.Baseline CRP only correlated with weight and BMI (p=0.047 and p=0.027 respectively) and there was no correlation between postoperative CRP and the evaluated parameters.ConclusionsPreoperative CRP had a significant lineal relation to weight and body mass index. Patients who underwent bariatric surgery had a significant decrease in CRP, weight, and fasting glucose at 6 months after surgery

TI Rutas de la Inserción Laboral del egresado de la Facultad de Administración y Contaduría de la U A de C

The increase of new companies is nowadays a way to promote the labor insertion of recent graduates, one of the most important issues to solve is that the students graduate with an optimal preparation so that they can perform in the labor field properly. It is important that students have an exit profile as a guide to the qualities they must meet according to the current job market which allows unifying criteria to establish routes for the achievement of the objectives of the Faculty of Administration and Accounting which is that the Students graduate with the skills and abilities to face the challenges of an Accounting graduated. This study is based on a mixed investigation since the data is collected in the company where the research was developed. The students of the FAC consider that what has been taught, accomplished the objectives of the career, as well as the fact that they consider that they will comply with the established profile as soon as they graduate.El incremento de nuevas empresas es hoy día una forma más de promover la inserción laboral de los recién egresados, una de las cuestiones más importantes a resolver es que los alumnos egresen con una preparación óptima para que se puedan desempeñar en el campo laboral adecuadamente. Es importante que los estudiantes tengan un perfil de egreso como guía de las cualidades que deben de cumplir según el mercado laboral actual lo que permite unificar criterios para establecer rutas para el logro de los objetivos de la Facultad de Administración y Contaduría el cuál es que los estudiantes egresen con las aptitudes y habilidades para enfrentar los retos de un Lic. en Contaduría. El estudio se fundamenta en una investigación mixta ya que los datos se recogen en la empresa donde se desarrolló la investigación. Los alumnos de la FAC consideran que lo que se le ha impartido cumple con los objetivos de la carrera, así como también el hecho de que ellos consideran que al egresar ellos cumplirán con el perfil establecido

Back to the bases: Building a terrestrial water δ18O baseline for archaeological studies in North Patagonia (Argentina)

Archaeology has been using stable oxygen as an isotopic tracer linked with water consumption for decades, and it has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool to assess paleomobility in bioarchaeology. Central-eastern North Patagonia (Argentina) is an especially appropriate region to apply it since it presents a high density of huntergatherer burials, it was a nodal zone criss-crossed by an extensive network of important routes, and it is characterized by a high environmental fragmentation due to the scarcity of fresh water sources. The aim of this paper is to build an empirical stable oxygen isotope baseline of terrestrial surface waters to assess the potentiality of tracing past human movement. We analyzed 46 water samples from 13 locations with permanent sources (rivers, springs, streams), compared it with predictions of precipitation and evaluated it considering seasonal variation, altitude and distance from the coast. Our results show that different post-precipitation processes change the isotopic signal from the sources with respect to the local precipitation, and highlight the relevance of analyzing terrestrial water sources. According to their oxygen isotope values we defined five hydrologic zones: Colorado River, Negro River, Closed Basins and Plains, Eastern and Western Somuncurá Foothills. Their identification shows the potential to address past human movement using stable oxygen water baselines in central-eastern North Patagonia.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

A new species of pitviper of the genus Bothrops (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae) from the Central Andes of South America

We describe a new species of montane pitviper of the genus Bothrops from the Cordillera Oriental of the Central Andes, distributed from southern Peru to central Bolivia. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by the characteristic combination of a dorsal body color pattern consisting of triangular or subtriangular dark brown dorsal blotches, paired dark brown parallel occipital stripes, a conspicuous dark brown postocular stripe, the presence of canthorostrals in some specimens, prelacunal fused or partially fused with second supralabial, one scale usually separating internasals, rostral trapezoidal, two canthals oval to rounded, similar size or slightly larger than internasals, three or four medial intercanthals, eight to twelve intersupraoculars, intercanthals and intersupraoculars keeled and frequently slightly keeled, supraoculars oval, one to three suboculars, two to three postoculars, loreal subtriangular, two to six prefoveals, subfoveals absent, two or none postfoveals, one or two scales between suboculars and fourth supralabial, seven or eight supralabials, nine or eleven infralabials, 23-25 middorsal scales, 189-195 ventrals in females and 182-190 in males, 48-58 subcaudals in females and 54-63 in males, exceptionally undivided. The new species is apparently restricted to areas within Andean montane forests that are less humid and devoid of large trees.Fil: Timms, J.. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales; EspañaFil: Chaparro Auza, Juan C.. Museo de Biodiversidad del Perú; PerúFil: Venegas, Pablo J.. Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad; PerúFil: Salazar Valenzuela, David. Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica; EcuadorFil: Scrocchi Manfrini, Gustavo Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Tucumán. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Cuevas, Jairo. Universidad Complutense de Madrid; EspañaFil: Leynaud, Gerardo Cristhian. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Carrasco, Paola Andrea. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoología Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentin

Unlocking the potential of snake venom-based molecules against the malaria, Chagas disease, and leishmaniasis triad

Funding Information: This work received financial support from PT national funds ( FCT/MCTES , Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior) through the project CIRCNA/BRB/0281/2019 . Funding Information: This work received financial support from PT national funds (FCT/MCTES, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior) through the project CIRCNA/BRB/0281/2019.The authors further thank FCT/MCTES for supporting Research Units LAQV-REQUIMTE (UIDB/50006/2020), GHTM (UID/Multi/04413/2020). Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The AuthorsMalaria, leishmaniasis and Chagas disease are vector-borne protozoal infections with a disproportionately high impact on the most fragile societies in the world, and despite malaria-focused research gained momentum in the past two decades, both trypanosomiases and leishmaniases remain neglected tropical diseases. Affordable effective drugs remain the mainstay of tackling this burden, but toxicicty, inneficiency against later stage disease, and drug resistance issues are serious shortcomings. One strategy to overcome these hurdles is to get new therapeutics or inspiration in nature. Indeed, snake venoms have been recognized as valuable sources of biomacromolecules, like peptides and proteins, with antiprotozoal activity. This review highlights major snake venom components active against at least one of the three aforementioned diseases, which include phospholipases A2, metalloproteases, L-amino acid oxidases, lectins, and oligopeptides. The relevance of this repertoire of biomacromolecules and the bottlenecks in their clinical translation are discussed considering approaches that should increase the success rate in this arduous task. Overall, this review underlines how venom-derived biomacromolecules could lead to pioneering antiprotozoal treatments and how the drug landscape for neglected diseases may be revolutionized by a closer look at venoms. Further investigations on poorly studied venoms is needed and could add new therapeutics to the pipeline.publishersversionepub_ahead_of_prin

Low aerobic capacity in McArdle disease: A role for mitochondrial network impairment?

[Background]: McArdle disease is caused by myophosphorylase deficiency and results in complete inability for muscle glycogen breakdown. A hallmark of this condition is muscle oxidation impairment (e.g., low peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak)), a phenomenon traditionally attributed to reduced glycolytic flux and Krebs cycle anaplerosis. Here we hypothesized an additional role for muscle mitochondrial network alterations associated with massive intracellular glycogen accumulation. [Methods]: We analyzed in depth mitochondrial characteristics-content, biogenesis, ultrastructure-and network integrity in skeletal-muscle from McArdle/control mice and two patients. We also determined VO2peak in patients (both sexes, N = 145) and healthy controls (N = 133). [Results]: Besides corroborating very poor VO2peak values in patients and impairment in muscle glycolytic flux, we found that, in McArdle muscle: (a) damaged fibers are likely those with a higher mitochondrial and glycogen content, which show major disruption of the three main cytoskeleton components-actin microfilaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments-thereby contributing to mitochondrial network disruption in skeletal muscle fibers; (b) there was an altered subcellular localization of mitochondrial fission/fusion proteins and of the sarcoplasmic reticulum protein calsequestrin-with subsequent alteration in mitochondrial dynamics/function; impairment in mitochondrial content/biogenesis; and (c) several OXPHOS-related complex proteins/activities were also affected. [Conclusions]: In McArdle disease, severe muscle oxidative capacity impairment could also be explained by a disruption of the mitochondrial network, at least in those fibers with a higher capacity for glycogen accumulation. Our findings might pave the way for future research addressing the potential involvement of mitochondrial network alterations in the pathophysiology of other glycogenoses.The present study was funded by grants received from the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS, PI17/02052, PI18/00139, PI19/01313, and PI20/00645) and cofunded by ‘Fondos FEDER’. Gisela Nogales-Gadea and Carmen Fiuza-Luces are supported by the Miguel Servet research contracts (ISCIII CD14/00032 and CP18/00034, respectively and cofounded by Fondos FEDER′). Research by Pedro L. Valenzuela is funded by a postdoctoral contract granted by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Sara Borrell, CD21/00138). Monica Villarreal Salazar is supported by the Mexican National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT)

Low aerobic capacity in McArdle disease : A role for mitochondrial network impairment?

McArdle disease is caused by myophosphorylase deficiency and results in complete inability for muscle glycogen breakdown. A hallmark of this condition is muscle oxidation impairment (e.g., low peak oxygen uptake (VO)), a phenomenon traditionally attributed to reduced glycolytic flux and Krebs cycle anaplerosis. Here we hypothesized an additional role for muscle mitochondrial network alterations associated with massive intracellular glycogen accumulation. We analyzed in depth mitochondrial characteristics-content, biogenesis, ultrastructure-and network integrity in skeletal-muscle from McArdle/control mice and two patients. We also determined VO in patients (both sexes, N = 145) and healthy controls (N = 133). Besides corroborating very poor VO values in patients and impairment in muscle glycolytic flux, we found that, in McArdle muscle: (a) damaged fibers are likely those with a higher mitochondrial and glycogen content, which show major disruption of the three main cytoskeleton components-actin microfilaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments-thereby contributing to mitochondrial network disruption in skeletal muscle fibers; (b) there was an altered subcellular localization of mitochondrial fission/fusion proteins and of the sarcoplasmic reticulum protein calsequestrin-with subsequent alteration in mitochondrial dynamics/function; impairment in mitochondrial content/biogenesis; and (c) several OXPHOS-related complex proteins/activities were also affected. In McArdle disease, severe muscle oxidative capacity impairment could also be explained by a disruption of the mitochondrial network, at least in those fibers with a higher capacity for glycogen accumulation. Our findings might pave the way for future research addressing the potential involvement of mitochondrial network alterations in the pathophysiology of other glycogenoses

General Microbiota of the Soft Tick Ornithodoros turicata Parasitizing the Bolson Tortoise (Gopherus flavomarginatus) in the Mapimi Biosphere Reserve, Mexico

The general bacterial microbiota of the soft tick Ornithodoros turicata found on Bolson tortoises (Gopherus flavomarginatus) were analyzed using next generation sequencing. The main aims of the study were to establish the relative abundance of bacterial taxa in the tick, and to document the presence of potentially pathogenic species for this tortoise, other animals, and humans. The study was carried-out in the Mapimi Biosphere Reserve in the northern-arid part of Mexico. Bolson tortoises (n = 45) were inspected for the presence of soft ticks, from which 11 tortoises (24.4%) had ticks in low loads (1–3 ticks per individual). Tick pools (five adult ticks each) were analyzed through 16S rRNA V3–V4 region amplification in a MiSeq Illumina, using EzBioCloud as a taxonomical reference. The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) revealed 28 phyla, 84 classes, 165 orders, 342 families, 1013 genera, and 1326 species. The high number of taxa registered for O. turicata may be the result of the variety of hosts that this tick parasitizes as they live inside G. flavomarginatus burrows. While the most abundant phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes, the most abundant species were two endosymbionts of ticks (Midichloria-like and Coxiella-like). Two bacteria documented as pathogenic to Gopherus spp. were registered (Mycoplasma spp. and Pasteurella testudinis). The bovine and ovine tick-borne pathogens A. marginale and A. ovis, respectively, were recorded, as well as the zoonotic bacteria A. phagocytophilum,Coxiella burnetii, and Neoehrlichia sp. Tortoises parasitized with O. turicata did not show evident signs of disease, which could indicate a possible ecological role as a reservoir that has yet to be demonstrated. In fact, the defense mechanisms of this tortoise against the microorganisms transmitted by ticks during their feeding process are still unknown. Future studies on soft ticks should expand our knowledge about what components of the microbiota are notable across multiple host–microbe dynamics. Likewise, studies are required to better understand the host competence of this tortoise, considered the largest terrestrial reptile in North America distributed throughout the Chihuahuan Desert since the late Pleistocene

EVALUACIÓN DEL TIEMPO EFECTIVO DE LA CLASE DE EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA EN ESCOLARES DEL ÁMBITO RURAL

El objetivo de la presente investigación consistió en medir el tiempo efectivo de la clase de educación física. La población se conformó por 43 sujetos de centros escolares de la zona rural de Colima. El instrumento utilizado fue el Cuestionario del Sistema de Observación de la Aptitud y Tiempo de Instrucciones (SOFIT). Entre los resultados más relevantes se observa que el 63% del tiempo el alumnado está de pie durante la clase de educación física, el 17% caminando, un 19% registra actividad vigorosa y 1% del tiempo sentado. En conclusión el tiempo promedio de actividad física vigorosa es de 9.5 minutos por clase y 8.5 de actividad física suave, coincidiendo con el tiempo efectivo de otros estudios realizados en zonas urbanas mexicanas. De tal forma, que la actividad física generada por la clase de educación física sigue siendo limitada.