Mucopolysaccharidosis I, II, and VI: Brief review and guidelines for treatment

Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are rare genetic diseases caused by the deficiency of one of the lysosomal enzymes involved in the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) breakdown pathway. This metabolic block leads to the accumulation of GAG in various organs and tissues of the affected patients, resulting in a multisystemic clinical picture, sometimes including cognitive impairment. Until the beginning of the XXI century, treatment was mainly supportive. Bone marrow transplantation improved the natural course of the disease in some types of MPS, but the morbidity and mortality restricted its use to selected cases. The identification of the genes involved, the new molecular biology tools and the availability of animal models made it possible to develop specific enzyme replacement therapies (ERT) for these diseases. At present, a great number of Brazilian medical centers from all regions of the country have experience with ERT for MPS I, II, and VI, acquired not only through patient treatment but also in clinical trials. Taking the three types of MPS together, over 200 patients have been treated with ERT in our country. This document summarizes the experience of the professionals involved, along with the data available in the international literature, bringing together and harmonizing the information available on the management of these severe and progressive diseases, thus disclosing new prospects for Brazilian patients affected by these conditions

Synthesis, structural characterization, and catalytic activity of chiral diamine and diimine Pd(II)-complexes

A combined catalytic and crystallographic investigation on the effectiveness of chiral diamino-bithiophene (2) and the corresponding diimino molecules (1) as chiral ligands for Pd(II) catalyzed transformations is presented. In particular, a systematic X-ray characterization of the [Pd]-pre-catalytic species provided valuable rationales for the different behavior of the two classes of ligands, underlining the key role played by sterical as well as electronic factors in controlling the oxidative addition of the starting racemic allylcarbonate to the chiral Pd(0) intermediate. Moreover, the versatility of the synthetic strategy for the preparation of enantiopure oligothienyl systems allowed us to synthesize a new type of mixed thiophene/pyridine ligands (2d) that have been effectively employed in asymmetric allylic alkylations (AAA

An unprecedented example of a cis-phosphonodithioato nickel(II) complex built by an extensive hydrogen bonding supramolecular network

The P-N bond hydrolysis of the 4-methoxyphenyl-ammonium ethylamido-phosphonodithioato ligand during its complexation to NiII leads to the first example of phosphonodithioato nickel(II) complex having a cis configuration; this complex is stabilised in the solid state by an extensive and intricate network of hydrogen bondings involving the released ethylenediamine and a water molecule