The type numbers of closed geodesics

A short survey on the type numbers of closed geodesics, on applications of the Morse theory to proving the existence of closed geodesics and on the recent progress in applying variational methods to the periodic problem for Finsler and magnetic geodesicsComment: 29 pages, an appendix to the Russian translation of "The calculus of variations in the large" by M. Mors

The COMPASS Experiment at CERN

The COMPASS experiment makes use of the CERN SPS high-intensitymuon and hadron beams for the investigation of the nucleon spin structure and the spectroscopy of hadrons. One or more outgoing particles are detected in coincidence with the incoming muon or hadron. A large polarized target inside a superconducting solenoid is used for the measurements with the muon beam. Outgoing particles are detected by a two-stage, large angle and large momentum range spectrometer. The setup is built using several types of tracking detectors, according to the expected incident rate, required space resolution and the solid angle to be covered. Particle identification is achieved using a RICH counter and both hadron and electromagnetic calorimeters. The setup has been successfully operated from 2002 onwards using a muon beam. Data with a hadron beam were also collected in 2004. This article describes the main features and performances of the spectrometer in 2004; a short summary of the 2006 upgrade is also given.Comment: 84 papes, 74 figure

Measurement of azimuthal hadron asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off unpolarised nucleons

Adolph C, Akhunzyanov R, Alexeev MG, et al. Measurement of azimuthal hadron asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off unpolarised nucleons. Nuclear Physics B. 2014;886:1046-1077.Spin-averaged asymmetries in the azimuthal distributions of positive and negative hadrons produced in deep inelastic scattering were measured using the CERN SPS muon beam at $160$ GeV/c and a $^6$LiD target. The amplitudes of the three azimuthal modulations $\cos\phi_h$, $\cos2\phi_h$ and $\sin\phi_h$ were obtained binning the data separately in each of the relevant kinematic variables $x$, $z$ or $p_T^{\,h}$ and binning in a three-dimensional grid of these three variables. The amplitudes of the $\cos \phi_h$ and $\cos 2\phi_h$ modulations show strong kinematic dependencies both for positive and negative hadrons

Artificial intelligence as tutoring partner for human intellect

System informational culture (SIC) has stated the next problem of post neo classical science man. How to educate trans disciplinary man of scienceful culture (universal professional) capable to interpret and model knowledge by means of perception of humanitarian (art) and rational science unity? Co evolution of human mind and anthropogenic environment of computer instrumental systems (IS) occurs as subjective objectization of natural science knowledge (NSK). Authors have constructed model of artificial intelligence system of universal usage (AIUU) which supports continuous tutoring with the aim to form subject of SIC. Traditional education and known e-learning approaches can’t cope with the task. Phenomenology of consciousness is grounded on development of rational part of mind. Classical universalities problem of philosophy has been resolved in the model with the help of human ability to glottogenes in semantic direction. In this way the language of categories (LC) has been discovered. AIUU functions on the principles of knowledge without premises and educated unknowledge in the form of mathesis universales of LC. It also uses the unity of human and NSK proper to inter discipline activity in the SIC. The system generates and maintains educational space of meanings in the form of personal ontological knowledge base (KBO). By means of KBO artificial intelligence adaptively helps student to investigate any field of knowledge. LC is applied to express semantic. Axiomatic method provides the unity of ideal (theory) and real (modeling in IS). Universal tutoring is stated to resolve the problem of any theory understanding by professional clearness reduction to its self evidence. By the example of the theory of algorithms study it is shown how the approach to education works. © 2018, Springer International Publishing AG

Artificial intelligence as tutoring partner for human intellect

System informational culture (SIC) has stated the next problem of post neo classical science man. How to educate trans disciplinary man of scienceful culture (universal professional) capable to interpret and model knowledge by means of perception of humanitarian (art) and rational science unity? Co evolution of human mind and anthropogenic environment of computer instrumental systems (IS) occurs as subjective objectization of natural science knowledge (NSK). Authors have constructed model of artificial intelligence system of universal usage (AIUU) which supports continuous tutoring with the aim to form subject of SIC. Traditional education and known e-learning approaches can’t cope with the task. Phenomenology of consciousness is grounded on development of rational part of mind. Classical universalities problem of philosophy has been resolved in the model with the help of human ability to glottogenes in semantic direction. In this way the language of categories (LC) has been discovered. AIUU functions on the principles of knowledge without premises and educated unknowledge in the form of mathesis universales of LC. It also uses the unity of human and NSK proper to inter discipline activity in the SIC. The system generates and maintains educational space of meanings in the form of personal ontological knowledge base (KBO). By means of KBO artificial intelligence adaptively helps student to investigate any field of knowledge. LC is applied to express semantic. Axiomatic method provides the unity of ideal (theory) and real (modeling in IS). Universal tutoring is stated to resolve the problem of any theory understanding by professional clearness reduction to its self evidence. By the example of the theory of algorithms study it is shown how the approach to education works. © 2018, Springer International Publishing AG

СОЦИУМ И ЦИВИЛИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ

The life of an employee is analyzed in the conditions of the coexistence of the world-system - the ideal being of the civilization of knowledge - and the world-market - real life. Worlds collided, revealing the essence of a systemic crisis of society, in a system-information culture (SIC). To resolve it, coordination of worlds is possible, which is possible when seeing a trend-perspective: the world-system is a transition, more precisely, the entry of humanity into the world of culture from the world of civilizations. S. Kapitsa's research on the demography of the population of the earth reveals the stagnation of human resources. The resulting “smart” nature restriction on human resources is considered as a demand-order for an employee of the SIC network capable of operating in an interdisciplinary semantic field. The traditional joint solution of fixed tasks in modern conditions reaches the complexity of personal and social creative labor in the world-third of documents, in the knowledge. On this basis, an employee, growing out of a professional operator, should on his way of life become a universal figure. Therefore, Internet workplaces should be a place consistent with the case of continuous self-creation of a universal operator based on and for semantic purposes. An emerging world-culture does not need a former specialist, but an employee who is capable of transdisciplinary activity.Анализируется жизнь служащего в условиях сосуществования мир-системы - идеального бытия цивилизации знаний - и мир-рынка - реального быта. В системно-информационной культуре (СИК) миры столкнулись, являя сущность системного кризиса общества. Для его разрешения настоятельно требуется координация миров, возможная при видении тенденции-перспективы: мир-система является переходом, точнее, вхождением человечества в мир культуры из мира цивилизаций. Исследование С. Капицы о демографии населения земли обнаруживает стагнацию человеческого ресурса. Возникшее «умное» ограничение природы на людской ресурс рассматривается как требование-заказ на служащего сети СИК, способного к деятельности на междисциплинарном смысловом поле. Традиционное совместное решение фиксированных задач в современных условиях достигает сложности личностно-общественного созидательного труда в мире-3 документов, в познании. На этом основании служащий, вырастая из профессионала-оператора, должен на жизненном пути становиться универсальной фигурой. Поэтому рабочие места сети Интернет должны быть местом, согласованным с делом непрерывного самосозидания универсала-оператора на основе и для смысловых целей. Рождающийся мир-культура нуждается не в прежнем специалисте, а в служащем, способном к трансдисциплинарной деятельности