МОВЛЕННЄВИЙ ВПЛИВ В АНГЛОМОВНОМУ ПАРЕНТАЛЬНОМУ ДИСКУРСІ (Language influence in English speaking parental discourse)

Стаття присвячена дослідженню особливостей мовленнєвого впливу в англомовному парентальному дискурсі. Визначено та охарактеризовано три типи виховного мовленнєвого впливу: раціонально-інформативний мовленнєвий вплив, морально-волітивний мовленнєвий вплив, морально-емоційний мовленнєвий вплив. (The paper focuses on the properties of speech impact in the English parental discourse. Three types of educational speech impact (informative speech impact, volitional speech impact, emotional speech impact) are revealed and analyzed.

Функціональність перлокутивних інтенсифікаторів морально-волітивного впливу в англомовному парентальному дискурсі (Functional properties of perlocutionary intensifiers of volitional speech impact in the English parental discourse)

Стаття присвячена дослідженню особливостей функціонування перлокутивних інтенсифікаторів морально-волітивного впливу в англомовному парентальному дискурс. Встановлено функціонально-прагматичні характеристики перлокутивних інтенсифікаторів підтримки мовленнєвого контакту й перлокутивних інтенсифікаторів стимулювання позитивної діяльності об’єкта впливу в англомовному парентальному дискурс. (The article focuses on the functional properties of perlocutionary intensifiers of volitional speech impact in the English parental discourse. The English parental discourse is viewed as personality-centred interaction between parents and their children which refers to the domestic sphere of communication and has an informal character. The volitional speech impact is defined as verbal communicative actions of subject of influence, directed at behavioural sphere of object of influence to accomplish a change in his behaviour, guided by educational goals. To increase the efficiency of the volitional speech impact perlocutionary intensifiers are involved. In the English parental discourse perlocutionary intensifiers are viewed as contactive speech acts which aim at enhancing directive speech acts of different types that represent the pragmatic level of the volitional speech impact characterised by imperative illocution. Due to the functional objectives perlocutionary intensifiers of verbal contact maintenance and perlocutionary intensifiers of positive activity stimulation of object of influence are distinguished. Perlocutionary intensifiers of verbal contact maintenance provide the control over interaction by the subject of influence through attracting attention of the object of influence to the directive illocution of the utterance and by checking the understanding of the indirective illocution of the utterance. Perlocutionary intensifiers of positive activity stimulation of object of influence aim at commenting the utterance to enhance the volitional speech impact in the English parental discourse.

Fauna of USSR: BIRDS. Volume II No 3, CHARADRIIFORMES, Suborder ALCAE

The present volume on the Fauna of the USSR deals with birds of the suborder Alcae and has appeared after a considerable interval. Like the four preceding parts (published between 1937 and 1947 and devoted to the study of birds) it is based mainly on investigations of collected material kept at the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR* (referred to in the text both as ZIN AN or the Zoological Institute). The various chapters of the book are written in the same order as are the previous parts. With respect to individual features, considerably more attention is paid to functional- morphological analysis as well as to a more elaborate characterization of species; the plumage is also described in greater detail with regard to seasonal changes and age differences. The attached bibliography, though not complete, nevertheless contains the most important works on the subject. The photographs were provided by K. A. Yudin and the drawings prepared by N. N. Kondakov and V. S. Rozhdestvenskaya. To the suborder Alcae belong sea birds which are closely related to gulls but are adapted to aquatic conditions to a much greater extent and are less associated with terrestrial and aerial life. Alcae, which feed exclusively on pelagic animals and predominantly on fish, have become highly specialized in swimming, diving and moving swiftly under water by means of their wings. This is extremely useful for catching prey. Adaptation to underwater swimming brought about some essential structural modifications in the Alcae during the formative period of the group, particularly in the structure and distribution of the feather cover, the morphology of almost every skeletal part, and in certain muscular systems and internal organs. Alcae have streamlined bodies--narrow and elongated; the wings are short and generally narrow. These features greatly facilitate underwater movement in a relatively dense medium. The tail is short (Figure 1). In flight and diving the legs are stretched backward and function as steering and brake apparatus, thus compensating to some extent for the shortness of the tail feathers. The three front toes (especially the middle one) are comparatively long and are united by swimming membranes, which reach the front edges of the distal phalanges or half of the toe length; the hind toe is either absent or rudimentary. For a short biography of the author, see http://birdsmongolia.blogspot.com/2012/02/elizabethv.htm

Современные глобализационные процессы как проявление западной культуры

In the given article we show, that modern global civilization defines itself not so much in the terms of culture, as in the terms of equipment. Determination of social and spiritual life, which earlier having been going from general notions of duty, honor and conscience, of ethic and esthetic regulators, is being progressively changed by technological determination. Being determined by culture, person turns into a human factor, which is ruled by equipment. It is fragmentary and dependent. Initiative and the final salvation of the questions of person’s interaction with external environment and other people become the prerogative of equipment and technology. In the given article we underline, that the crucial difference of a socio-cultural personality from the human factor is included in the following: person is determined from the inside – from the side of assimilated cultural assets, which have become inner, while the human factor is determined from the outside – from the side of socio-technical systems. All these aspects acquire special meaning in the conditions of globalization.В статье показано, что современная глобальная цивилизация определяет себя не столько в терминах культуры, сколько техники. Детерминация социальной и духовной жизни, ранее идущая от общезначимых представлений о долге, чести и совести, от этических и эстетических регуляторов, все чаще сменяется технологической детерминацией. Личность, детерминируемая культурой, превращается в человеческий фактор, управляемый техникой. Он фрагментарен и неса-мостоятелен. Инициатива и окончательное решение вопросов в его взаимодействии с внешней средой и друг с другом становятся прерогативой техники и технологии. В статье подчеркивается, что принципиальное отличие социально-культурной личности от человеческого фактора заключается в том, что личность детерминируется изнутри – со стороны усвоенной и ставшей внутренним достоянием культуры, тогда как человеческий фактор детерминируется извне – со стороны социотехнических систем. Все эти аспекты приобретают особую значимость в условиях глобализации

The Small-angle X-Ray Scattering Investigation of Advanced Beryllium Materials

The small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique allows to determine size distributions of inhomogeneities in materials and to predict their properties in Xray optics devices. A number of beryllium materials for the manufacturing of X-ray optics (refractive lenses and speckle suppressors) have been studied by the SAXS.Various composite materials based on porous beryllium have been studied. The effect of adding detonation nanodiamonds to the beryllium matrix on the scattering ability of the material is discussed. Keywords: porous beryllium, SAXS, detonation nanodiamonds, speckle-suppresso

Extended ionized-gas structures in seyfert 2 galaxy Mrk 78

The search and study of extended emission-line regions (EELRs) related to AGN in early-type galaxies is interesting to probe the history of nuclear ionization activity and also to understand the process of external gas accretion. In this work, we present observations of the EELR in Mrk 78 obtained at the 6-m Russian telescope using the long-slit and 3D spectroscopy methods. We show that ionized-gas clouds at 12-16 kpc projected distances from the nucleus are ionized by the AGN radiation. Also we have checked if the galaxy appearing in the optical images in the immediate neighbourhood of Mrk 78 near the external clouds is a dwarf companion or a part of a tidal structure. However, the spectrum of this galaxy, SDSS J074240.37+651021.4, obtained at the 6-m telescope corresponds to a distant background galaxy with z = 0.38. © 2020, Astronomical Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences.Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 17-12-01335Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian FederationAcknowledgements. This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 17-12-01335 ‘Ionized gas in galaxy discs and beyond the optical radius’ and based on the observations conducted with the 6-m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation. Authors are grateful to Victor Afanasiev for his interest to this work. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration