Phase transformation B1 to B2 in TiC, TiN, ZrC and ZrN under pressure

Phase stability of various phases of MX (M = Ti, Zr; X = C, N) at equilibrium and under pressure is examined based on first-principles calculations of the electronic and phonon structures. The results reveal that all B1 (NaCl-type) MX structures undergo a phase transition to the B2-structures under high pressure in agreement with the previous total-energy calculations. The B1-MX structures are dynamically stable under very high pressure (210-570 GPa). The pressure-induced B2 (CsCl-type) MC phases are dynamically unstable even at high pressures, and TiN and ZrN are found to crystallize with the B2-structure only at pressures above 55 GPa. The first-order B1-to-B2 phase transition in these nitrides is not related to the softening of phonon modes, and the dynamical instability of B2-MX is associated with a high density of states at the Fermi level.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

Estimation of Reserves for Improving the Results of Patients with Multipresistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Application of Surgical Methods Based on Analysis of the Efficiency of Conservative Treatment of a Specified Cohort

In order to improve the results of treatment of patients with multi-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis with the use of surgical methods, the effectiveness estimation of conservative treatment of 176 patients with this form of tuberculosis according to cohort analysis data in two districts of Kyiv were done.In the list were included following parameters: type of the tuberculosis, its clinical-radiological form and the prevalence of the process, the results of conservative treatment in patients who completely finished the course of anti-TB chemotherapy and the results of conservative treatment of 81 patients who had indications for surgical treatment but had not been operated. Processing of the materials of the study was carried out with the use of licensed software products included in the Microsoft Office Professional 2007 package. The predicted results of treatment were calculated on the condition of surgical intervention.Out of the total sample of patients, 31.3 % of the patients completed treatment. Mortality was 16.5 %, transferred to palliative care 11.9 %. More than one in three patients (35.2 %) stopped treatment at different times from the start.According to the clinic of thoracic surgery SU "National Institute of Phthisiology and Pulmonology named after F.G. Yanovsky NAMS of Ukraine ", the overall effectiveness of treatment for patients with limited multidrug-resistant tuberculosis with the use of surgical intervention is about 95 % in the absence of mortality. We have modelled the potential results of treatment of the selected cohort in case of the surgical stage is fully and timely applied in a complex of therapeutic treatment. If all 81 patients with indications for surgical treatment used that way, then, with the above efficiency, a complete cure could be predicted in 77 patients (44.5 % of the total number of observations), which in turn would allow predicting the achievement completion of treatment at 64.2 % with complete cure for 60.6 % of patients.Thus, it is established that the positive result of surgical treatment in the general complex of treatment measures in patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis is able to improve the results of treatment of this contingent more than twice, reduce the mortality almost by three times, reduce the need for repeated courses of treatment from 7.4 % to 1.7 %, as well as to reduce the epidemiological reservoir of infection due to a significant decrease in the number of patients with failure to treat tuberculosis, interrupted and palliative treatment

Фунгіцидні властивості ефіроолійних рослин роду Artemisia відносно Fusarium oxysporum

Встановлено фунгіцидну активність водних екстрактів Artemisia maritimа L., Artemisia austriaca Jacq.,при концентраціях 100, 50 і 25 мг/мл (на сиру речовину) відносно фітопатогенного гриба Fusarium oxysporum. Виявлено фунгістатичний вплив екстракту Artemisia dracunculus L. при концентраціях 25 та 50 мг/мл, фунгіцидний – при 100 мг/мл. Щодо Artemisia abrotanum L., уповільнений ріст гриба спостерігався при концентрації 25 мг/мл, фунгіцидна дія – при 50 і 100 мг/мл. Очевидно, фунгіцидні властивості досліджуваних рослин зумовлені кількісним та якісним компонентним складом біологічно активних речовин - ефірних олій, фенольних сполук та інших речовин

Phase Diagram of the AgGaS2–AgIn5S8 System

На основі результатів рентгенофазового (РФА) та диференційно-термічного (ДТА) аналізів побудовано діаграму стану системи AgGaS2–AgIn5S8. According to the results of X-ray and differential-thermal analysis, phase diagram of the system AgGaS 2–AgIn5S8 was constructed

AgInSe2 – AgGaSe2 and AgInSe2 – Ag9GaSe6 systems

Враховуючи дані, отримані за результатами РФА, МСА, ДТА та поміру мікротвердості, було побудовано діаграми стану систем AgInSe2 – AgGaSe2 та AgInSe2 – Ag9GaSe6. У системі AgInSe2 – AgGaSe2 існує евтектична точка LE ↔ α + β при 1030 К та 24 мол. % AgGaSe2, де α – тверді розчини на основі високотемпературної модифікації (ВТМ) AgInSe2, β – тверді розчини на основі сполуки AgGaSe2 та низькотемпературної модифікації (НТМ) AgInSe2. Нескінченний ряд β-твердих розчинів кристалізується в структурі халькопіриту. В системі AgInSe2 – Ag9GaSe6 існує евтектична точка LE ↔α + γ при 960 К та 60 мол. % AgGaSe2. According to the data obtained from the results of X-ray, X-ray structural, microstructural, differential-thermal analysis and measurement of microhardness, phase diagrams of the systems AgInSe 2 – AgGaSe2 and AgInSe2 – Ag9GaSe6 were constructed. There is eutectic point LE ↔ α + β at 1030 К and 24 mol. % AgGaSe2 in the AgInSe2 – AgGaSe2 system, where α – solid solutions based on the high-temperature modification (HTM) of AgInSe 2, β – solid solutions based on the compound AgGaSe2 and low-temperature modification (LTM) of AgInSe 2. A continuous series of β-solid solutions crystallize in the chalcopyrite structure. There is eutectic point L E ↔ α + γ at 960 К and 60 mol. % AgGaSe2 in the AgInSe2 – Ag9GaSe6 system

Expediency of symptomatic diagnostics application of enterprise export-import activity in the disruption conditions of world economy sustainable development

The purpose of the article is to solve an important scientific problem – further development of the basics of management decisions on the implementation of export-import activities based on the results of enterprise symptomatic diagnostics in disruption conditions of sustainable development of the world economy. The essence of enterprise symptomatic diagnostics in the context of management activity is specified by the results of the critical analysis of the scientific publications. The study of the features of the symptomatic diagnostics process of enterprise export-import activity might become the basis for the development of a comprehensive approach to its implementation, which reveals the interaction of the theoretical, scientific and methodological basis and the targeted direction of managers` actions in the diagnostics process. Generalization of symptomatic complex of export-import activity of enterprises-manufacturers of BOPP films – Terichem Tervakoski, a.s. and Xpro India Ltd, helped to identify issues that are reducing its performance. A set of measures was explored in order to avoid the negative symptoms of export-import activity of Terichem Tervakoski and Xpro India Ltd. The authors revealed some dependency respecting that the more negative symptoms of export-import activity realization lead to decline the efficiency of its implementation. The results of the study might clarify the impact of symptoms on the results of the enterprise export-import performance. Symptomatic diagnostics of enterprise export-import activity is considered as the basis of a sequence of management measures in order to avoid negative symptoms of export-import activity

Features of neuroendocrine-immune complex by various types of gall-bladder motility at men with chronic cholecystitis and pyelonephritis

Background. In our last study has formed three homogeneous cholekinetics groups, namely: normokinesia a s well as hypertonic-hyperkinetic and hyperkinetic-hypertonic dyskinesia. The purpose of this study to identify the parameters of neuroendocrine-immune complex under which three types of the gall - bladder motility differ significantly from each other. Material and methods. The object of observation were the same ones 22 men aged 24-70 years old, who came to the spa Truskavets’ for the treatment of chronic cholecystitis combined with pyelonephritis in remission. On the tone and motility of gall-bladder judged by its fasting and postprandial volume. In the daily urine determined content of electrolytes: phosphates, calcium, potassium and sodium. Estimation state of central and autonomous nervous systems carried out by electroencephalogram (EEG) and heart rate variability (HRV). Immune status evaluated on a set of I and II levels recommended by the WHO. Results. The method of discriminatory analysis revealed 23 parameters (12 immune, 7 EEG and 2 HRV as well as Parathyrine activity and Popovych’s Adaptation Index), in the totality of which three types of cholekinetics are clearly delineated. Conclusion. The results confirm the pattern of the previously detected prior reactions of various systems of the organism to the balneofactors of the spa Truskavets’

Cosmological scalar fields that mimic the ΛCDM\Lambda CDM cosmological model

We look for cosmologies with a scalar field (dark energy without cosmological constant), which mimic the standard $\Lambda CDM$ cosmological model yielding exactly the same large-scale geometry described by the evolution of the Hubble parameter (i.e. photometric distance and angular diameter distance as functions on $z$). Asymptotic behavior of the field solutions is studied in the case of spatially flat Universe with pressureless matter and separable scalar field Lagrangians (power-law kinetic term + power-law potential). Exact analytic solutions are found in some special cases. A number of models have the field solutions with infinite behavior in the past or even singular behavior at finite redshifts. We point out that introduction of the cosmological scalar field involves some degeneracy leading to lower precision in determination of $\Omega_m$. To remove this degeneracy additional information is needed beyond the data on large-scale geometry.Comment: VIII International Conference "Relativistic Astrophysics, Gravitation and Cosmology": May 21-23, 2008, Kyiv, Ukrain