Associating Turkey with the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership: A costly (re‐) engagement?

Policy debate on the implications of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) for Turkey has focused almost exclusively on “how” Turkey can/will take part in a forthcoming transatlantic deal. Turkey's association with a TTIP has largely been conceived as an inevitable and beneficial policy choice to re‐engage Ankara with the Atlantic alliance and emerging transatlantic trade framework. The arguments for extending TTIP to Turkey have mostly been built upon a conventional understanding of preferential trade agreements. The debate has not provided a comprehensive assessment of costs and benefits for Turkey's exclusion from or joining TTIP as it dismissed multiple dimensions of the “deep integration” agenda which underpinned the transatlantic talks. This paper intends to contribute to the “why” debate with a thorough analysis of critical issues on the transatlantic agenda by evaluating economic and policy implications of TTIP both for exclusion and association scenarios together with associated compliance and adjustment costs

Disparities in ovarian cancer survival in the United States (2001-2009): Findings from the CONCORD-2 study.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. This study reports ovarian cancer survival by state, race, and stage at diagnosis using data from the CONCORD-2 study, the largest and most geographically comprehensive, population-based survival study to date. METHODS: Data from women diagnosed with ovarian cancer between 2001 and 2009 from 37 states, covering 80% of the US population, were used in all analyses. Survival was estimated up to 5 years and was age standardized and adjusted for background mortality (net survival) using state-specific and race-specific life tables. RESULTS: Among the 172,849 ovarian cancers diagnosed between 2001 and 2009, more than one-half were diagnosed at distant stage. Five-year net survival was 39.6% between 2001 and 2003 and 41% between 2004 and 2009. Black women had consistently worse survival compared with white women (29.6% from 2001-2003 and 31.1% from 2004-2009), despite similar stage distributions. Stage-specific survival for all races combined between 2004 and 2009 was 86.4% for localized stage, 60.9% for regional stage, and 27.4% for distant stage. CONCLUSIONS: The current data demonstrate a large and persistent disparity in ovarian cancer survival among black women compared with white women in most states. Clinical and public health efforts that ensure all women who are diagnosed with ovarian cancer receive appropriate, guidelines-based treatment may help to decrease these disparities. Future research that focuses on the development of new methods or modalities to detect ovarian cancer at early stages, when survival is relatively high, will likely improve overall US ovarian cancer survival. Cancer 2017;123:5138-59. Published 2017. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA

Abordagem fisioterapêutica do linfedemabilateral de membros inferiores

Introdução: O linfedema é um acúmulo de proteína no interstício em virtude de dee#1049552;iciência do sistemalinfático, sendo recomendada a utilização da Terapia Física Complexa como forma de tratamento. Objetivo:Verie#1049552;icar os efeitos da Terapia Física Complexa no tratamento e na manutenção do linfedema bilateral demembros inferiores. Métodos: Participaram deste estudo sete pacientes com linfedema bilateral nos membrosinferiores, de faixa etária entre 59 e 85 anos, os quais foram submetidos a: 1ª avaliação e#1049552;isioterapêutica,quando permaneceram sem tratamento (período controle); 2ª avaliação, quando receberam o tratamentoe#1049552;isioterapêutico (período tratamento terapia e#1049552;ísica complexa fase de redução); 3ª avaliação, quando receberamalta (período manutenção terapia e#1049552;ísica complexa fase de manutenção); e 4ª avaliação, paraacompanhamento desse último período. O intervalo entre cada avaliação foi de 10 a 12 semanas. Os dadosda perimetria foram transformados em volume do membro, por meio da fórmula do cone truncado,e a região do tornozelo foi avaliada pelo método da Figura Oito. Resultados: A média da Figura Oito e do volume dos membros foi de 62,32 cm e 6233 ml, 62,57 cm e 6308 ml, 56,75 cm e 5505 ml, 57 cm e 5566 ml,respectivamente para 1ª, 2ª, 3ª e 4ª avaliações. Pelos testes de Friedman e Wilcoxon, observou-se diferençasignie#1049552;icativa entre a 3ª e a 4ª avaliações, quando comparadas à 1ª e à 2ª (p elt; 0,001), para ambas as variáveis,mostrando redução signie#1049552;icante do linfedema e sua estabilização durante o período de manutenção.Conclusão: A terapia e#1049552;ísica complexa foi ee#1049552;icaz no tratamento e na manutenção do linfedema bilateral demembros inferiores