23 research outputs found
Characterization of mouse switch variant antibodies by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
The amino acid sequences of mouse monoclonal antibodies have been characterized completely by mass spectrometry. Antibodies used in the present study were derived from mouse switch variant cell lines that produce four kinds of immunoglobulin Gs (IgGs). The amino acid sequences of these antibodies had not been estimated from the corresponding DNA sequence, so the sequences of IgGs derived from other strains were used as references in this study. Intra- and interchain disulfide bonds of the IgGs were reduced and carboxymethylated and the products were subjected to proteolytic digestion. The existence of N-linked oligosaccharides also was taken into account. The capabilities and limitations of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and capillary liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry are discussed in the structural characterization of the antibodies. Based on our results, allotypes of the antibodies examined are discussed. This study shows that amino acid sequences of proteins, such as IgG, can be investigated without information about the corresponding DNA sequence if appropriate reference sequences derived from other strains can be used
Effect of probiotics on gut microbiome in patients with administration of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis: A randomized controlled study
Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) is recommended for the prevention of surgical site infections. However, there is a concern about adverse effects of SAP, such as antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). To prevent AAD, administration of probiotics has been investigated. Although recent advances in next-generation sequencing makes it possible to analyze the gut microbiome, the effect of probiotics on the gut microbiome in the patients with SAP remains unknown. To test a hypothesis that SAP influences the gut microbiome and probiotics prevent the influence, a randomized controlled study was conducted with patients who underwent spinal surgery at Nagasaki University Hospital. After obtaining informed consent, the patients were automatically classified into the non-probiotics group and the probiotics group. In the probiotics group, the patients took 1 g of Enterococcus faecium 129 BIO 3B-R, 3 times a day on postoperative days (PODs) 1â5. The feces of all patients were sampled before administration of SAP and on PODs 5 and 10. We compared alpha and beta diversity and differential abundance analysis of the gut microbiome before and after SAP. During the study period, a total of 33 patients were evaluated, comprising 17 patients in the non-probiotics group and 16 in the probiotics group. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding patient characteristics. In alpha and beta diversity, there were no significant differences among all combinations. In differential abundance analysis at operational taxonomic unit level, Streptococcus gallolyticus and Roseburia were significantly increased in the non-probiotics group and significantly decreased in the probiotics group
Short- and long-term in vitro study of the bonding of eight commercial adhesives to normal and deproteinized dentin
The influence of cavity configuration on the microtensile bond strength between composite resin and dentin
Interaction Analysis of FABP4 Inhibitors by Xâray Crystallography and Fragment Molecular Orbital Analysis
X-ray crystal structural determination
of FABP4 in complex with
four inhibitors revealed the complex binding modes, and the resulting
observations led to improvement of the inhibitory potency of FABP4
inhibitors. However, the detailed structureâactivity relationship
(SAR) could not be explained from these structural observations. For
a more detailed understanding of the interactions between FABP4 and
inhibitors, fragment molecular orbital analyses were performed. These
analyses revealed that the total interfragment interaction energies
of FABP4 and each inhibitor correlated with the ranking of the <i>K</i><sub>i</sub> value for the four inhibitors. Furthermore,
interactions between each inhibitor and amino acid residues in FABP4
were identified. The oxygen atom of Lys58 in FABP4 was found to be
very important for strong interactions with FABP4. These results might
provide useful information for the development of novel potent FABP4
inhibitors