Changing of viscosity and thermal properties of olive oil with different harvesting methods and waiting period

The aim of this paper is to determine how different harvesting methods of olives and the waiting period before the extraction of the extra virgin olive oil affect the viscosity and some thermal properties, namely thermal conductivity and thermal resistivity. Olive trees in the Aegean region of the western part of Turkey were harvested by using six different harvesting methods: by hand, harvesting by a beating pole on a synthetic fabric, harvesting by a beating pole on a platform, harvesting by machine on a synthetic fabric, harvesting by machine on a platform and direct collecting of dropped olives by hand. Olive oil samples were obtained in certain intervals between the harvesting and processing that was made by using a laboratory type system. The viscosity values of oil samples were measured by using a vibro-viscometer. The thermal conductivity and thermal resistivity of oil samples were measured simultaneously by using the KD2 Thermal properties analyzer. As a result, viscosity, thermal conductivity and thermal resistivity values changed related to the harvesting method and the waiting period after harvesting to obtain olive oil. While viscosity (dynamic) and thermal conductivity values increased with the increase of the waiting time, thermal resistivity values decreased. The lowest viscosity and thermal conductivity values and the highest resistivity values were found for oils that were obtained from olives harvested by hand

PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND INFLUENCE OF DRYING TECHNIQUES ON DRYING CHARACTERISTICS AND SOME QUALITY PARAMETERS OF MALABAR SPINACH (BASELLA ALBA L.)

The aims of this research were to measure of some physical and mechanical properties and investigate the influence of drying methods on changing of drying kinetics as well some quality properties of Malabar spinach (Basella alba L.). For these purposes, Malabar spinach (Basella alba L.) was grown in climate-controlled laboratory conditions. Then, the leaves of plant were dried either microwave method or convective hot air drying method. For hot air drying process, three drying temperatures (40, 50 and 60 degrees C) were applied. Three power levels (180, 360 and 600W) were applied for microwave drying process. Mechanical (laceration force, puncture force) and physical properties (leaf lenght, leaf area, stalk thickness, leaf thickness, and initial weight) of fresh Malabar spinach plant samples were measured. Some analyzes such as color (L*, a*, b*), water activity of fresh and dried plant were made to determine quality changes with drying processes. The mean leaf laceration force was determined as 0.0435 kgf while the puncture force value was determined as 0.0144 kgf for fresh leaf samples. Hot air drying process lasted 31, 17 and 6.5 hours for 40, 50 and 60 degrees C drying temperatures, respectively. Microwave drying process took 7.5, 5.5 and 4 minutes for 180, 360 and 600W power levels, respectively. L* and a* values of the samples increased while b* values decreased after all drying applications. Final moisture content values of all dried products were determined between 10.9% and 16%. a(w) values of all dried samples were determined lower than the critic level that allows mold growth (a(w) <0.6)

Some pyrazoles derivatives: Potent carbonic anhydrase, -glycosidase, and cholinesterase enzymes inhibitors

WOS: 000446308600005PubMed ID: 30246264A series of substituteed pyrazol-4-yl-diazene derivatives were found to be effective inhibitors against -glycosidase, cytosolic carbonic anhydrase I and II isoforms (hCA I and II), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with K-i values in the range of 33.72 +/- 7.93 to 90.56 +/- 27.52nM for -glycosidase, 1.06 +/- 0.16 to 9.83 +/- 0.74nM for hCA I, 0.68 +/- 0.12 to 7.16 +/- 1.14nM for hCA II, 44.66 +/- 10.06 to 78.34 +/- 17.83nM for AChE, and 50.36 +/- 13.88 to 88.36 +/- 20.03nM for BChE, respectively. Recently, inhibition of these metabolic enzymes has been considered as a promising factor for pharmacologic intervention in a diversity of disturbances, such as diabetes, glaucoma, obesity, epilepsy, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases

Novel sulfamate derivatives of menthol: Synthesis, characterization, and cholinesterases and carbonic anhydrase enzymes inhibition properties

Sulfamates have a large spectrum of biological activities including enzyme inhibition. Eight sulfamates derived from menthol (2a-h) were synthesized. Also, in the other section of this study, novel sulfamate derivatives of menthol were tested against some metabolic enzymes including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and carbonic anhydrase I and II enzymes (hCAs I and II). The newly synthesized novel menthol sulfamate and menthol carbonyl sulfamate derivatives showed K-i values in the range of 34.37 +/- 8.17 to 53.40 +/- 10.61 nM against hCA I, 12.91 +/- 4.57 to 38.67 +/- 6.22 nM against hCA II, 111.17 +/- 52.36 to 522.86 +/- 120.08 nM against AChE, and 50.01 +/- 11.73 to 109.63 +/- 50.08 nM against BChE. As a result, the novel menthol sulfamate and menthol carbonyl sulfamate derivatives can be promising Alzheimer's disease drug candidates and novel hCA I and hCA II enzymes inhibitors

Synthesis, spectroscopic properties, crystal structures, antioxidant activities and enzyme inhibition determination of Co(II) and Fe(II) complexes of Schiff base

Considering the importance of metal complexes in the development of medical science, two different Schiff base Fe(II) and Co(II) metal complex compounds were synthesized with Schiff base obtained through the condensation of 1-(4-aminophenyl)ethanone with 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde. The reactions of the ligand with Co(II) and Fe(II) metal ions enabled six coordination compounds with octahedral geometries. The novel metal complexes were characterized by IR, elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility, mass spectra, UV-Vis, thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA) and X-ray diffraction analysis. The antioxidant properties of the new compounds were investigated using different in vitro assays. Moreover, enzyme inhibition of derivatives complexes against carbonic anhydrase I and II isoenzymes (CA I and II) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was evaluated. The best inhibitor complex for CA I and II isoenzymes was the Fe(II) complex with K-i values of 52.83 +/- 11.52 and 63.34 +/- 8.88, respectively