PHÂN TÍCH ĐỊNH LƯỢNG CÁC CHỈ SỐ ĐA DẠNG SINH HỌC VÀ PHÂN BỐ CỦA THẢM THỰC VẬT THÂN GỖ RỪNG NGẬP MẶN VEN BIỂN MIỀN BẮC VIỆT NAM

The method of quantification of species diversity and distribution by the Shannon- Wiener Index (H’), Index of Similarity (SI), Importance Value Index (IVI), Niche width (bi), Complexity Index (CI), Spatial Distribution (Abundance/ Frequency - A/F) was used to quantify the diversity and distribution of woody true mangroves in Dong Rui, Xuan Thuy national park and Hau Loc along northern coast of Vietnam. The results showed that the species diversity and the structural complexity of the woody true mangrove vegetation at the study sites are relatively low, descending from Dong Rui (H = 1.13; CI = 12.15) to Xuan Thuy National Park (H = 0.62; CI = 11.33) and Hau Loc (H = 0.35; CI = 25.54). However the woody mangrove species compositions of the study sites are not highly different (SI ≥ 0.8). The study results also showed that B. gymnorrhiza, A. corniculatum, R. stylosa, A. marina and K. obovata are dominant species in Dong Rui (IVI = 44.36-76.50); K. obovata and A. corniculatum dominate in Xuan Thuy National Park (IVI = 115.20-148.12); K. obovata is the highly dominant species in Hau Loc (IVI = 222.92). Spatial distribution of almost studied species is continuous (A/F 0.05) indicating the habitat of the species in the study sites is relatively stable.Phương pháp đánh giá định lượng độ da dạng loài và phân bố của các loài thông qua các chỉ số đa dạng loài H, chỉ số tương đồng SI, chỉ số phức tạp CI, chỉ số giá trị quan trọng IVI, độ rộng ổ sinh thái βi và dạng phân bố không gian A/F được áp dụng để đánh giá độ đa dạng loài, dạng phân bố của một số loài cây ngập mặn thực thụ thân gỗ tại Đồng Rui, VQG Xuân Thủy và vùng ven biển huyện Hậu Lộc thuộc vùng ven biển miền Bắc Việt Nam. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy độ đa dạng loài và mức độ phức tạp về cấu trúc thành phân loài cây ngập mặn thực thu thân gỗ tại các địa điểm nghiên cứu tương đối thấp, giảm dần từ Đồng Rui (H = 1,13; CI = 12,15) tới VQG Xuân Thủy (H = 0,62; CI = 11,33) và ven biển huyện Hậu Lộc (H = 0,35; CI = 25,54). Tuy nhiên thành phần loài cây ngập mặn thực thụ thân gỗ tại các địa điểm nghiên cứu có sự tương đồng khá cao (SI ≥ 0,8). Kết quả nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy Vẹt dù (B. gymnorrhiza), Sú (A. corniculatum), Đầng (R. stylosa), Mắm biển (A.  marina), Trang (K. obovata) chiếm ưu thế tại Đồng Rui (IVI = 44,36 - 76,50); Trang (K. obovata) và Sú (A. corniculatum) có mức độ ưu thế cao và lấn át manh mẽ các loài còn lại tại VQG Xuân Thủy (IVI = 115,20 - 148,12); Trang (K. obovata) là loài chiếm ưu thế tuyệt đối tại ven biển huyện Hậu Lộc và là loài lấn át mạnh mẽ các loài còn lại (IVI = 222,92). Hầu hết các loài nghiên cứu có dạng phân bố không gian liên tục (A/F 0,05), phản ảnh môi trường sống của các loài tại các địa điểm nghiên cứu tương đối ổn đinh

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLIMATIC CONDITION AND MANGROVE FOREST STRUCTURE ON NORTHERN COAST OF VIETNAM

The differences in mangrove forest structure, climate, and the linear relationship between climate and mangrove forest structure on the northern coast of Vietnam were analyzed using mangrove forest data measured in 28 sample plots (Dong Rui-8, Xuan Thuy National Park-12 and Lach Sung-8) and climate data collected at the meteorological stations near the study sites (Dong Rui-Tien Yen station, Xuan Thuy National Park-Van Ly station and Lach Sung-Thanh Hoa station) in the period of 1994 - 2012. Results showed that the differences in mangrove forest structure (stem diameter, biomass and basal area) and climate (temperature and rainfall) among study sites were significant (p 0.05). Stem diameter, tree height, basal area and biomass had positive linear relationship with annual average temperature and January average temperature, and negative linear relationship with annual rainfall. A consistently low regression coefficient of less than 0.66 was found among the variables. However, all the regression models were statistically significant (p 0.05). The results could be used to develop multiple linear regression models to predict the change of mangrove ecosystems.The differences in mangrove forest structure, climate, and the linear relationship between climate and mangrove forest structure on the northern coast of Vietnam were analyzed using mangrove forest data measured in 28 sample plots (Dong Rui-8, Xuan Thuy National Park-12 and Lach Sung-8) and climate data collected at the meteorological stations near the study sites (Dong Rui-Tien Yen station, Xuan Thuy National Park-Van Ly station and Lach Sung-Thanh Hoa station) in the period of 1994 - 2012. Results showed that the differences in mangrove forest structure (stem diameter, biomass and basal area) and climate (temperature and rainfall) among study sites were significant (p 0.05). Stem diameter, tree height, basal area and biomass had positive linear relationship with annual average temperature and January average temperature, and negative linear relationship with annual rainfall. A consistently low regression coefficient of less than 0.66 was found among the variables. However, all the regression models were statistically significant (p 0.05). The results could be used to develop multiple linear regression models to predict the change of mangrove ecosystems

HIV-Associated TB in An Giang Province, Vietnam, 2001–2004: Epidemiology and TB Treatment Outcomes

BACKGROUND: Mortality is high in HIV-infected TB patients, but few studies from Southeast Asia have documented the benefits of interventions, such as co-trimoxazole (CTX), in reducing mortality during TB treatment. To help guide policy in Vietnam, we studied the epidemiology of HIV-associated TB in one province and examined factors associated with outcomes, including the impact of CTX use. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We retrospectively abstracted data for all HIV-infected persons diagnosed with TB from 2001-2004 in An Giang, a province in southern Vietnam in which TB patients receive HIV counseling and testing. We used standard WHO definitions to classify TB treatment outcomes. We conducted multivariate analysis to identify risk factors for the composite outcome of death, default, or treatment failure during TB treatment. From 2001-2004, 637 HIV-infected TB patients were diagnosed in An Giang. Of these, 501 (79%) were male, 321 (50%) were aged 25-34 years, and the most common self-reported HIV risk factor was sex with a commercial sex worker in 221 (35%). TB was classified as smear-positive in 531 (83%). During TB treatment, 167 (26%) patients died, 9 (1%) defaulted, and 6 (1%) failed treatment. Of 454 patients who took CTX, 116 (26%) had an unsuccessful outcome compared with 33 (70%) of 47 patients who did not take CTX (relative risk, 0.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3-0.5). Adjusting for male sex, rural residence, TB smear status and disease location, and the occurrence of adverse events during TB treatment in multivariate analysis, the benefit of CTX persisted (adjusted odds ratio for unsuccessful outcome 0.1; CI, 0.1-0.3). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: In An Giang, Vietnam, HIV-associated TB was associated with poor TB treatment outcomes. Outcomes were significantly better in those taking CTX. This finding suggests that Vietnam should consider applying WHO recommendations to prescribe CTX to all HIV-infected TB patients

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Mangrove's species are weak isoprenoid emitters

International audienceMangroves are ecosystems interfacing terrestrial and marine environments submitted to extreme abiotic factors (e.g. anoxia, flooding, salinity) producing stress on vegetation. Due to these stresses, we hypothesized that mangroves potentially emit biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC), particularly isoprenoids as they are defense compounds. Despite mangroves cover only about 5% of the forest areas of the world, their emissions could impact air quality at the continental-ocean interface. As a result, it is important to fill the gap in the knowledge about BVOC emissions from the canopy of the major mangrove trees. The aim of this study was thus to screen isoprenoid emissions of the mangrove species. In this study, we sampled isoprenoid emissions of 14 species foliage among the 38 core species existing in the Indo-West Pacific (IWP) and the Atlantic Est Pacific (AEP) regions. Sampling was performed using a branch-bag dynamic enclosure system and analyzed with gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Our analysis showed that mangrove tree species are very low emitters suggesting that mangrove ecosystems would not strongly influence atmospheric chemistry and air quality

Guillain–Barré Syndrome due to COVID-19 Vero Cell Vaccination Associated with Concomitant COVID-19 Infection-induced ARDS and Treated Successfully by Therapeutic Plasma Exchange: A First Case Report from Vietnam

Abstract Post-vaccination adverse reactions have been reported with varying symptoms and severity owing to research and production time pressures during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this article, we report a rare case of Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) in a patient with COVID-19 with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after receiving Sinopharm's Vero Cell vaccine (China). The patient who was initially negative for COVID-19 was diagnosed with GBS based on paralysis that developed from the lower extremities to the upper extremities, as confirmed by cytoalbuminologic dissociation in the cerebrospinal fluid. The patient's condition worsened with ARDS caused by COVID-19 infection during the hospital stay, and SpO2 decreased to 83% while receiving oxygen through a non-rebreather mask (15 l/min) on day 6. The patient was treated with standard therapy for severe COVID-19, invasive mechanical ventilation, and five cycles of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) with 5% albumin replacement on day 11 due to severe progression. The patient was weaned off the ventilator on day 28, discharged on day 42, and was completely healthy after 6 months without any neurological sequelae until now. Our report showed the potential of TPE for GBS treatment in critically ill patients with COVID-19 after COVID-19 vaccination

Predictive Factors of Mortality in Patients with Severe COVID-19 Treated in the Intensive Care Unit: A Single-Center Study in Vietnam

Abstract Introduction The fourth outbreak of COVID-19 with the delta variant in Vietnam was very fierce due to the limited availability of vaccines and the lack of healthcare resources. During that period, the high mortality of patients with severe and critical COVID-19 caused many concerns for the health system, especially the intensive care units. This study aimed to analyze the predictive factors of death and survival in patients with severe and critical COVID-19. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional and descriptive study on 151 patients with severe and critical COVID-19 hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of Binh Duong General Hospital. Results Common clinical symptoms of severe and critical COVID-19 included shortness of breath (97.4%), fatigue (89.4%), cough (76.8%), chest pain (47.7%), loss of smell (48.3%), loss of taste (39.1%), and headache (21.2%). The abnormal biochemical features were leukopenia (2.1%), anemia, thrombocytopenia (18%), hypoxia with low PaO2 (34.6%), hypocapnia with reduced PaCO2 (29.6%), and blood acidosis (18.4%). Common complications during hospitalization were septic shock (15.2%), cardiogenic shock (5.3%), and embolism (2.6%). The predictive factors of death were being female, age > 65 years, cardiovascular comorbidity, thrombocytopenia (< 137.109/l), and hypoxia at inclusion or after the first week or blood acidosis (pH < 7.28). The use of a high dose of corticosteroids reduced the mortality during the first 3 weeks of hospitalization but significantly increased risk of death after 3 and 4 weeks. Conclusions Common clinical symptoms, laboratory features, and death-related complications of critical and severe COVID-19 patients were found in Vietnamese patients during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of this study provide new insight into the predictive factors of mortality for patients with severe and critical COVID-19

Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Language Teaching and Learning

This conference proceedings contains articles on the various research ideas of the academic community and practitioners presented at the 4th Conference on Language Teaching and Learning (LTAL-2022). LTAL2022 was organized by the Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, Vietnam on June 19-20, 2022. Conference Title: 4th Conference on Language Teaching and LearningConference Acronym: LTAL-2022Conference Date: 19-20 June 2022Conference Location: VietnamConference Organizers: Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, Vietnam