BD2I : Normes sur l'identification de 274 images d'objets et leur mise en relation chez l'enfant français de 3 à 8 ans

The data base BD2I provides the first French norms for children of 274 pictures of objects (150 from Snodgarss and Vanderwart, 1980). Correct picture identification and naming, and identification of taxonomic and thematic associations were evaluated between 3 and 8 years. Verbal justification and strength of the associations were assessed between 4 and 8 years. All norms were collected from 80 children by age. Visual similarity was judged by 40 adults. These normative data are necessary because children are less efficient than adults in naming and also because their representations of objects relations differ from those of adults

Comparative efficacy and safety of second-line treatments for advanced non-small cell lung cancer with wild-type or unknown status for epidermal growth factor receptor: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Abstract Background Docetaxel, pemetrexed, erlotinib, and gefitinib are recommended as second-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with wild-type or unknown status for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, the number of published randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on this topic is increasing. Our objective was to assess the comparative effectiveness and tolerability of all second-line treatments for advanced NSCLC with wild-type or unknown status for EGFR by a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the US Food and Drug Administration website, as well as other sources, were searched for available reports up to June 6, 2017. Two reviewers independently selected published and unpublished reports of RCTs comparing any second-line treatments, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of all included trials. We performed a Bayesian network meta-analysis. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary outcomes included objective response (ObR), the number of serious adverse events, and quality of life. Results We included 102 RCTs involving 36,058 patients (62% male, median age 61 years, 81% with stage IV cancer, 80% smokers, and 92% with performance status 0–1). We revealed a differential reporting of outcomes between efficacy and safety outcomes. Half of the trials reported safety outcomes and less than 20% quality of life. For OS, nivolumab was more effective than docetaxel (hazard ratio (HR) 0.69, 95% credible interval (CrI) 0.56–0.83), pemetrexed (0.67, 0.52–0.83), erlotinib (0.68, 0.53–0.86), and gefitinib (0.66, 0.53–0.83). Pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, and pemetrexed plus erlotinib were also significantly more effective than docetaxel, pemetrexed, erlotinib, and gefitinib. For PFS, erlotinib plus cabozantinib was more effective than docetaxel (HR 0.39, 95% CrI 0.18–0.84), pemetrexed (0.38, 0.18–0.82), erlotinib (0.37, 0.18–0.78), and gefitinib (0.38, 0.18–0.82). Cabozantinib and pemetrexed plus erlotinib were also significantly more effective than the four recommended treatments. For ObR, no treatment was significantly more effective. The effectiveness of the four recommended treatments was similar and they were ranked among the 25 less-effective treatments. For safety, evidence is insufficient to draw certain conclusions. Conclusions Nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, and pemetrexed plus erlotinib may be the most effective second-line treatments for NSCLC in terms of OS. The four recommended treatments seem to have relatively poor performance. However, the impact on life expectancy of immunotherapy versus other treatments should be further explored by future analyses, and more trials comparing the novel treatments are needed to reduce uncertainty in these results. Trial registration Registration number: PROSPERO (CRD42015017592

Predictors for short-term progressive heart failure death in New York Heart Association II patients implanted with a cardioverter defibrillator--the EVADEF study.

International audienceBACKGROUND: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the predominant cause of mortality in patients with mild heart failure (HF). This 2-year follow-up, multicenter, cohort study aimed to assess the extent to which implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs), by reducing SCD, lead to predominant progressive HF death in mildly symptomatic HF patients at baseline in daily medical practice. METHODS: Between June 2001 and June 2003, 1,030 New York Heart Association II patients received an ICD in 22 French centers. Sudden cardiac death and progressive HF mortality rates were assessed using competing risk methodology, and predictors for progressive HF at baseline were tested in a multivariate regression model. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 22 +/- 6 months, 114 deaths occurred: 12 (10.5%) due to SCD and 52 (45.6%) due to progressive HF (24-month cause-specific mortality rates of 1.2% [95% CI 0.6-1.9] and 5.4% [95% CI 4.0-6.8], respectively). Diuretics use (hazard ratio [HR] 2.8, 95% CI 1.5-5.5, P = .002), history of atrial fibrillation (HR 2.09, 95% CI 1.2-3.65, P = .01), and low ejection fraction (HR 2.7, 95% CI 1.4-4.8, P = .0008) were independent predictors for progressive HF death, whereas beta-blocker therapy was a protector (HR 0.6, 95% CI 0.3-0.9, P = .04). Half of the patients (48%) who died from progressive HF within 2 years of ICD implant initially presented with enlarged QRS (> or =120 milliseconds). CONCLUSIONS: Because of ICD efficiency, progressive HF is the main cause of death within 2 years of implant, although these patients are only mildly symptomatic at implantation. In addition to optimal pharmacologic therapy, these results raise the question of systematically implanting ICDs with cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with electrical asynchronism at baseline

Mortality in myotonic dystrophy patients in the area of prophylactic pacing devices

International audienc