Análisis temporal de la pérdida de cobertura vegetal mediante teledetección en el distrito de Satipo-Satipo-Junín, durante los años 2015 – 2018

El presente trabajo de investigación se quiere conseguir una contribución a la ecológica, una gestión, planificación y ordenamiento del distrito de Satipo, mediante el conocimiento de áreas sin cobertura vegetal mediante la teledetección, durante los años 2015- 2018, con el objetivo de determinar, identificar y cuantificar, la pérdida de cobertura vegetal. La metodología que se empleó es de un nivel de estudio descriptivo correlacional con un diseño de investigación no experimental y un muestreo indirecto; el instrumento de recolección de datos fue el trabajo en campo para tomar los puntos de áreas sin cobertura vegetal y realizar el levantamiento topográfico, en donde se utilizó el programa Google Earth Pro. Por otro lado, se descargaron imágenes satelitales de los años 2015 al 2018 del sitio web USGS Earth Explorer, para las imágenes satelitales se hizo el pre procesamiento de imágenes realizada en el software ENVI. Seguidamente se realizó el procesamiento de las áreas de entrenamiento y la generación de las clases para la clasificación supervisada realizada en el software ArcGIS, para la validación de los resultados de los datos de campo y los datos digitales se empleó la matriz de confusión y como un estimador se utilizó el índice de Kappa. La pérdida de cobertura vegetal realizada mediante la teledetección en el distrito de Satipo se determinó que ha ido variando entre los años 2015 al 2017 donde hubo una disminución del 13% a 6% de todo el distrito, debido al aumento de la agricultura, mientras que en el año 2018 aumento considerablemente de áreas sin cobertura vegetal ocupando un 10% del área total del distrito de Satipo, debido a los fenómenos naturales ocurridos en la zona. La consistencia del mapa muestra resultados eficientes con un 88.33% de precisión global del mapa y un valor del índice de Kappa de 0.83%. Por lo tanto, los resultados de la investigación, la clasificación supervisada puede ser una alternativa eficiente y precisa a implementar para clasificar diversas categorías de áreas y poder determinar la cantidad de área sin necesidad de ir a campo y se puede aplicar en diferentes zonas del paí

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis and Antifungal Susceptibility in Pregnant Women from the Andean Mountains – Huancavelica

Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de infección por candidiasis vulvovaginal y susceptibilidad antifúngica en gestantes de la Sierra andina – Huancavelica..Materiales y metodos:Estudio retrospectivo, observacional,  descriptivo y de gestantes con candidiasis vulvovaginal y susceptibilidad antifúngica atendidas en el hospital departamental de Huancavelica y el centro de salud de ascensión e el año 2022 ,se aplicó la técnica de análisis documentario y el instrumento la cual fue una ficha de recolección de datos .Resultados:  Se analizaron  160 gestantes donde las características sociodemográficas de mayor frecuencia fueron  añosa en un 49,4% (79); estado civil soltera el 33.1% (53), con grado de instrucción secundaria 54.4 % (87). Entre las características obstétricas se halló diagnósticos en el III Trimestre 54% (87) y  gran multípara en un 28.8% (46). El Agente etiológico de mayor frecuencia fue la cándida albicans 86.9% (139), el servicio donde se hizo el diagnóstico fue en el consultorio de ginecoobstetricia 88,1% (141),la susceptibilidad antifúngica resultó sensible a los triazoles (fluconazol) el 75.6% y a los Imidazoles (clotrimazol) solo el 12.8%.Conclusiones: La candidiasis vulvovaginal en las gestantes se presentó con mayor frecuencia en añosas, convivientes, con secundaria; el agente etiológico fue la candidiasis albicans y es sensible al fluconazol .Objective: To determine the frequency of infection due to vulvovaginal candidiasis and antifungal susceptibility in pregnant women from the Andean Sierra - Huancavelica. Materials and methods: Retrospective, observational, descriptive study of pregnant women with vulvovaginal candidiasis and antifungal susceptibility treated at the departmental hospital of Huancavelica and the ascension health center in 2022, the documentary analysis technique was applied and the instrument which was a data collection sheet. Results: 160 pregnant women were analyzed where the most frequent sociodemographic characteristics were 49 years old. 4% (79); single marital status 33.1% (53), with secondary education level 54.4% (87). Among the obstetric characteristics, diagnoses were found in the Third Trimester in 54% (87) and major multiparous in 28.8% (46). The most frequent etiological agent was candida albicans 86.9% (139), the service where the diagnosis was made was in the obstetrics and gynecology office 88.1% (141), antifungal susceptibility was sensitive to triazoles (fluconazole) 75.6 % and to Imidazoles (clotrimazole) only 12.8%.Conclusions: Vulvovaginal candidiasis in pregnant women occurred more frequently in elderly, cohabiting women, with secondary; The etiological agent was candidiasis albicans and is sensitive to fluconazole

Las tecnologías de la información y la metodología cualitativa en salud en tiempos de COVID-19

El confinamiento de la población, incluidas las personas investigadoras, pone de manifiesto la necesidad de adaptar la metodología cualitativa, sus técnicas y herramientas, al contexto actual generado por la COVID-19. Por ello se realiza una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de reflexionar sobre el uso de las tecnologías de la información en la metodología cualitativa de salud en tiempos de Covid-19. Se tuvo en cuenta fuentes bibliográficas y documentos obtenidos de búsquedas en Google Académico y SciELO base de datos en Infomed, que incluyo normativas y estudios clásicos vinculados a la temática. Se corroboro que Internet y los medios o redes sociales permiten la recogida de datos textuales, secuencias, imágenes o narrativas sobre una realidad limitada para el acceso a ella de forma presencial, que tenga en cuenta al investigador, el tipo de información, la producción de datos y el sentido de esta práctica investigativa

Development of Potent Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses in Long-Term Hemodialysis Patients After 1273-mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination

Long-term hemodialysis (HD) patients are considered vulnerable and at high-risk of developing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection due to their immunocompromised condition. Since COVID-19 associated mortality rates are higher in HD patients, vaccination is critical to protect them. The response towards vaccination against COVID-19 in HD patients is still uncertain and, in particular the cellular immune response is not fully understood. We monitored the humoral and cellular immune responses by analysis of the serological responses and Spike-specific cellular immunity in COVID-19-recovered and naïve HD patients in a longitudinal study shortly after vaccination to determine the protective effects of 1273-mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in these high-risk patients. In naïve HD patients, the cellular immune response measured by IL-2 and IFN-ɣ secretion needed a second vaccine dose to significantly increase, with a similar pattern for the humoral response. In contrast, COVID-19 recovered HD patients developed a potent and rapid cellular and humoral immune response after the first vaccine dose. Interestingly, when comparing COVID-19 recovered healthy volunteers (HV), previously vaccinated with BNT162b2 vaccine to HD patients vaccinated with 1273-mRNA, these exhibited a more robust immune response that is maintained longitudinally. Our results indicate that HD patients develop strong cellular and humoral immune responses to 1273-mRNA vaccination and argue in favor of personalized immune monitoring studies in HD patients, especially if COVID-19 pre-exposed, to adapt COVID-19 vaccination protocols for this immunocompromised population.Funding was obtained from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) RICORS program to RICORS2040 (RD21/0005/0001), FEDER funds; Acción Estratégica en Salud Intramural (AESI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, grant number AESI PI21CIII_00022 to PP and Healthstar-plus -REACT-UE Grant through Segovia Arana Research Institute Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda-IDIPHIM. JO is a member of VACCELERATE (European Corona Vaccine Trial Accelerator Platform) Network, which aims to facilitate and accelerate the design and implementation of COVID-19 phase 2 and 3 vaccine trials. JO is a member of the INsTRuCT under the MSC grant agreement Nº860003 (Innovative Training in Myeloid Regulatory Cell Therapy) Consortium, a network of European scientists from academia and industry focused on developing innovative immunotherapies.S

Guidance on noncorticosteroid systemic immunomodulatory therapy in noninfectious uveitis: fundamentals of care for uveitis (focus) initiative

Topic: An international, expert-led consensus initiative to develop systematic, evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of noninfectious uveitis in the era of biologics. Clinical Relevance: The availability of biologic agents for the treatment of human eye disease has altered practice patterns for the management of noninfectious uveitis. Current guidelines are insufficient to assure optimal use of noncorticosteroid systemic immunomodulatory agents. Methods: An international expert steering committee comprising 9 uveitis specialists (including both ophthalmologists and rheumatologists) identified clinical questions and, together with 6 bibliographic fellows trained in uveitis, conducted a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol systematic reviewof the literature (English language studies from January 1996 through June 2016; Medline [OVID], the Central Cochrane library, EMBASE,CINAHL,SCOPUS,BIOSIS, andWeb of Science). Publications included randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective studies with sufficient follow-up, case series with 15 cases or more, peer-reviewed articles, and hand-searched conference abstracts from key conferences. The proposed statements were circulated among 130 international uveitis experts for review.Atotal of 44 globally representativegroupmembersmet in late 2016 to refine these guidelines using a modified Delphi technique and assigned Oxford levels of evidence. Results: In total, 10 questions were addressed resulting in 21 evidence-based guidance statements covering the following topics: when to start noncorticosteroid immunomodulatory therapy, including both biologic and nonbiologic agents; what data to collect before treatment; when to modify or withdraw treatment; how to select agents based on individual efficacy and safety profiles; and evidence in specific uveitic conditions. Shared decision-making, communication among providers and safety monitoring also were addressed as part of the recommendations. Pharmacoeconomic considerations were not addressed. Conclusions: Consensus guidelines were developed based on published literature, expert opinion, and practical experience to bridge the gap between clinical needs and medical evidence to support the treatment of patients with noninfectious uveitis with noncorticosteroid immunomodulatory agents

Measurement of the Dipion Mass Spectrum in X(3872) -> J/Psi Pi+ Pi- Decays

We measure the dipion mass spectrum in X(3872)--> J/Psi Pi+ Pi- decays using 360 pb-1 of pbar-p collisions at 1.96 TeV collected with the CDF II detector. The spectrum is fit with predictions for odd C-parity (3S1, 1P1, and 3DJ) charmonia decaying to J/Psi Pi+ Pi-, as well as even C-parity states in which the pions are from Rho0 decay. The latter case also encompasses exotic interpretations, such as a D0-D*0Bar molecule. Only the 3S1 and J/Psi Rho hypotheses are compatible with our data. Since 3S1 is untenable on other grounds, decay via J/Psi Rho is favored, which implies C=+1 for the X(3872). Models for different J/Psi-Rho angular momenta L are considered. Flexibility in the models, especially the introduction of Rho-Omega interference, enable good descriptions of our data for both L=0 and 1.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures -- Submitted to Phys. Rev. Let

Search for Higgs Boson Decaying to b-bbar and Produced in Association with W Bosons in p-pbar Collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV

We present a search for Higgs bosons decaying into b-bbar and produced in association with W bosons in p-pbar collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV. This search uses 320 pb-1 of the dataset accumulated by the upgraded Collider Detector at Fermilab. Events are selected that have a high-transverse momentum electron or muon, missing transverse energy, and two jets, one of which is consistent with a hadronization of a b quark. Both the number of events and the dijet mass distribution are consistent with standard model background expectations, and we set 95% confidence level upper limits on the production cross section times branching ratio for the Higgs boson or any new particle with similar decay kinematics. These upper limits range from 10 pb for mH=110 GeV/c2 to 3 pb for mH=150 GeV/c2.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures; updated title to published versio

Search for Second-Generation Scalar Leptoquarks in ppˉ\bm{p \bar{p}} Collisions at s\sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV

Results on a search for pair production of second generation scalar leptoquark in $p \bar{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=1.96 TeV are reported. The data analyzed were collected by the CDF detector during the 2002-2003 Tevatron Run II and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 198 pb$^{-1}$. Leptoquarks (LQ) are sought through their decay into (charged) leptons and quarks, with final state signatures represented by two muons and jets and one muon, large transverse missing energy and jets. We observe no evidence for $LQ$ production and derive 95% C.L. upper limits on the $LQ$ production cross sections as well as lower limits on their mass as a function of $\beta$, where $\beta$ is the branching fraction for $LQ \to \mu q$.Comment: 9 pages (3 author list) 5 figure

Search for anomalous semileptonic decay of heavy flavor hadrons produced in association with a W boson at CDF II

We present a search for anomalous semileptonic decays of heavy flavor hadrons produced in association with a $W$ boson, in proton-antiproton collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV. We use 162 pb-1 of data collected with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We select events with one W boson and at least one jet with an identified secondary vertex. In the jets with a secondary vertex we look for a semileptonic decay to a muon. We compare the number of jets with both a secondary vertex and a semileptonic decay, and the kinematic properties of these jets, with the standard model expectation of W plus heavy flavor production and decay. No discrepancy is seen between the observation and the expectation, and we set limits on the production cross section of a B-like hadron with an anomalously high semileptonic branching ratio.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PRD-RC; replaced to adjust the page forma