26 research outputs found

    Monoaryl derivatives as transthyretin fibril formation inhibitors: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and structural analysis

    Get PDF
    Transthyretin (TTR) is a ß-sheet-rich homotetrameric protein that transports thyroxine (T4) and retinol both in plasma and in cerebrospinal fluid. TTR also interacts with amyloid-ÎČ, playing a protective role in Alzheimer's disease. Dissociation of the native transthyretin (TTR) tetramer is widely accepted as the critical step in TTR amyloids fibrillogenesis, and is responsible for extracellular deposition of amyloid fibrils. Small molecules, able to bind in T4 binding sites and stabilize the TTR tetramer, are interesting tools to treat and prevent systemic ATTR amyloidosis. We report here the synthesis, in vitro evaluation and three-dimensional crystallographic analyses of new monoaryl-derivatives in complex with TTR. Of the derivatives reported here, the best inhibitor of TTR fibrillogenesis, 1d, exhibits an activity similar to diflunisal

    Peptidotriazolamers Inhibit A beta(1-42) Oligomerization and Cross a Blood-Brain-Barrier Model

    Get PDF
    In peptidotriazolamers every second peptide bond is replaced by a 1H-1,2,3-triazole. Such foldamers are expected to bridge the gap in molecular weight between small-molecule drugs and protein-based drugs. Amyloid beta (A beta) aggregates play an important role in Alzheimer's disease. We studied the impact of amide bond replacements by 1,4-disubstituted 1H-1,2,3-triazoles on the inhibitory activity of the aggregation "hot spots" (KLVFF20)-L-16 and G(39)VVIA(42) in A beta(1-42). We found that peptidotriazolamers act as modulators of the A beta(1-42) oligomerization. Some peptidotriazolamers are able to interfere with the formation of toxic early A beta oligomers, depending on the position of the triazoles, which is also supported by computational studies. Preliminary in vitro results demonstrate that a highly active peptidotriazolamer is also able to cross the blood-brain-barrier.Peer reviewe

    Designed glycopeptidomimetics disrupt protein−protein interactions mediating amyloid ÎČ‑peptide aggregation and restore neuroblastoma cell viability

    Get PDF
    How anti-Alzheimer’s drug candidates that reduce amyloid 1−42 peptide fibrillization interact with the most neurotoxic species is far from being understood. We report herein the capacity of sugar-based peptidomimetics to inhibit both AÎČ1−42 early oligomerization and fibrillization. A wide range of bio- and physicochemical techniques, such as a new capillary electrophoresis method, nuclear magnetic resonance, and surface plasmon resonance, were used to identify how these new molecules can delay the aggregation of AÎČ1−42. We demonstrate that these molecules interact with soluble oligomers in order to maintain the presence of nontoxic monomers and to prevent fibrillization. These compounds totally suppress the toxicity of AÎČ1−42 toward SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, even at substoichiometric concentrations. Furthermore, demonstration that the best molecule combines hydrophobic moieties, hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, ammonium groups, and a hydrophilic ÎČ-sheet breaker element provides valuable insight for the future structure-based design of inhibitors of AÎČ1−42 aggregation

    Synthetic mimics of beta-sheets : design, synthesis and evaluation of their ability to modulate the aggregation of the beta-amyloid 1-42 peptide.

    No full text
    La maladie d'Alzheimer (MA) est une maladie neurodĂ©gĂ©nĂ©rative liĂ©e Ă  l’oligomĂ©risation et Ă  la fibrillation du peptide bĂȘta amyloĂŻde, avec AbĂȘta 1-42 Ă©tant le plus agrĂ©geant et neurotoxique. La cause exacte de la maladie d'Alzheimer n’est pas encore connue et donc il n'y a pas de traitement efficace contre cette maladie.Une stratĂ©gie prometteuse pourrait ĂȘtre l'inhibition de l'oligomĂ©risation de monomĂšres solubles d'AbĂȘta;, en stabilisant la conformation non structurĂ©e native du peptide, Ă  travers l’utilisation de composĂ©s capables d'empĂȘcher la formation de feuillets bĂȘta. En effet, les peu d'Ă©tudes structurales des espĂšces oligomĂ©riques et des fibrilles ont rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© que l'agrĂ©gation implique des structures en feuillet bĂȘta.De nombreuses petites molĂ©cules ont Ă©tĂ© proposĂ©es pour leur capacitĂ© Ă  inhiber ou moduler l'agrĂ©gation de AbĂȘta 1-42 et sa toxicitĂ©. Cependant, le processus d'agrĂ©gation est trĂšs complexe et difficile Ă  contrĂŽler. Des Ă©tudes rĂ©centes indiquent que les oligomĂšres solubles transitoires prĂ©cĂ©dant la formation de fibrilles sont les espĂšces les plus toxiques. Ainsi, le dĂ©veloppement d'inhibiteurs ciblant Ă  la fois l’oligomĂ©risation et la fibrillation reste difficile en dĂ©pit de son importance thĂ©rapeutique. Les peptides sont des alternatives raisonnables aux autres produits pharmaceutiques chimiques. En particulier, l'inhibition de l'agrĂ©gation de AbĂȘta; a Ă©tĂ© ciblĂ©e en utilisant des Ă©lĂ©ments d'auto-reconnaissance (SRE), qui sont des sĂ©quences d'acides aminĂ©s clĂ©s impliquĂ©s dans les diffĂ©rentes espĂšces agrĂ©gĂ©es. À notre connaissance, l'utilisation de petites "bĂȘta-hairpins" acycliques a Ă©tĂ© trĂšs rarement explorĂ©e comme ligands de feuillets-bĂȘta et comme inhibiteurs de l'agrĂ©gation.Comme l’agrĂ©gation de AbĂȘta est un processus dynamique et complexe, nous avons supposĂ© que les "bĂȘta-hairpins" flexibles pourraient mieux s'adapter dans l'interaction avec les diffĂ©rentes conformations de AbĂȘta 1-42 prĂ©sents pendant le processus d'agrĂ©gation, et en particulier dans les premiers stades de l'oligomĂ©risation. Nous avons conçu des mimes de feuillets bĂȘta acycliques basĂ©s sur un squelette semi-rigide de type pipĂ©ridine-pyrrolidine comme inducteur flexible de coude bĂȘta, et sur diffĂ©rents SREs de AbĂȘta 1-42. Le choix des SREs a Ă©tĂ© basĂ©e sur les structures d'oligomĂšres et fibrilles.La capacitĂ© de tous les composĂ©s a Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©e par spectroscopie de fluorescence Ă  la thioflavine-T pour dĂ©terminer l'activitĂ© inhibitrice. Les rĂ©sultats obtenus ont Ă©tĂ© complĂ©tĂ©s par microscopie Ă  transmission Ă©lectronique. Les composĂ©s les plus prometteurs ont Ă©galement Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©s par Ă©lectrophorĂšse capillaire (EC) pour suivre les Ă©tapes trĂšs prĂ©coces du processus d'oligomĂ©risation. Les meilleurs inhibiteurs ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©s afin de dĂ©terminer leur capacitĂ© Ă  rĂ©duire la toxicitĂ© de AbĂȘta 1-42 sur des cellules de neuroblastome SH-SY5Y.Nous rapportons Ă©galement dans cette thĂšse les Ă©tudes conformationnelles, effectuĂ©es par RMN et rĂ©alisĂ©es pour Ă©tudier et confirmer la capacitĂ© de composĂ©s de se structurer en solution comme des "bĂȘta-hairpins".Enfin, nous avons dĂ©veloppĂ© une voie de synthĂšse pour obtenir de nouvelles chaĂźnes peptidomimĂ©tiques composĂ©es par des rĂ©sidus aza-aminoacides. Dans la littĂ©rature, seules des sĂ©quences peptidiques comportant un seul rĂ©sidu aza-aminoacide au milieu, sont connues, mais les propriĂ©tĂ©s de liaison hydrogĂšne d’un 2:1 [aza/alpha]-tripeptide ne sont pas encore, Ă  notre connaissance, Ă©tudiĂ©es ni exploitĂ©es dans la conception d’inhibiteurs des interactions protĂ©ine-protĂ©ine. Nous prĂ©sentons dans cette thĂšse les Ă©tudes conformationelles rĂ©alisĂ©es par RMN, cristallographie aux rayons X et modĂ©lisation molĂ©culaire.On peut conclure que les Ă©lĂ©ments structurels dĂ©crits dans cette thĂšse fournissent des indications prĂ©cieuses dans la comprĂ©hension du processus d'agrĂ©gation du peptide AbĂȘta 1-42 et dans la conception de nouveaux " bĂȘta-hairpins" acycliques ciblant des protĂ©ines amyloĂŻdes.Amyloidosis is the generic word to name a group of diseases that are caused by the misfolding and extracellular accumulation of various proteins. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder linked to oligomerization and fibrillization of amyloid ÎČ peptides, with AÎČ 1-42 being the most aggregative and neurotoxic one. To date, the exactly cause of the Alzheimer's disease is not still known and so there is no effective treatment of the disease.An attractive strategy for treating AD could be the inhibition of the oligomerization of soluble AÎČ monomers, by stabilizing the native unstructured conformation of the peptide, using compounds able to prevent the formation of ÎČ-sheets. Indeed, few structural studies of oligomeric species and fibrils revealed that the aggregation involves ÎČ-sheet structures.A large number of small molecules have been proposed for their ability to inhibit or modulate AÎČ1-42 aggregation and toxicity. However, the aggregation process is highly complex, and extremely difficult to control. Recent studies indicate that soluble transient oligomers preceding fibril formation are highly toxic species. Thus, the development of inhibitors targeting both oligomerization and fibrillization remains challenging despite its therapeutic significance. Peptides are today reasonable alternatives to small molecule pharmaceuticals. In particular, inhibition of AÎČ-aggregation has been targeted using self-recognition elements (SREs), which are key amino acid sequences involved in the different aggregated species. To our knowledge, the use of small acyclic ÎČ-hairpins has been very rarely explored as ÎČ-sheet binders and inhibitors of aggregation.As AÎČ-aggregation is a dynamic and complex process, we hypothesized that flexible ÎČ-hairpins could adapt themselves in the interaction with the different AÎČ1-42 conformations present during the aggregation process, and in particular in the early stages of oligomerization. We designed acyclic ÎČ-hairpin mimics based on a piperidine-pyrrolidine semi-rigid scaffold developed recently as a flexible ÎČ-turn inducer, and on different SREs of AÎČ1-42. The choice of the SREs was based on oligomer and fibril structures.The ability of all compounds to influence the AÎČ 1-42 fibrillization process was evaluated by thioflavin-T fluorescence spectroscopy, used as an evaluation tool to define the inhibitory activity. The obtained results were successively supplemented by transmission electron microscopy. The most promising compounds were also studied by Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) using a method we recently proposed to monitor the very early steps of the oligomerization process overtime. The best inhibitors were investigated to determine their ability to reduce the toxicity of aggregated AÎČ1-42 to SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.Together with the evaluation of these molecules, we report in this thesis the conformational studies performed by NMR. These structure investigations were performed to investigate and confirm the ÎČ-hairpin conformational preference of the compounds in solution.Finally, we performed a practical synthetic pathway to obtain new peptidomimetic chains composed by aza-amino acid residues. In the literature only peptide sequence, with just one aza-amino acid residue in the middle, are known, but the hydrogen-bonding properties of 2:1 [Aza/α]-tripeptides have not yet, to our knowledge, been exploited in the design of the inhibition of protein-protein interactions. We present in this thesis the conformational studies of the 2:1 [Aza/α]-tripeptide sequence by NMR analyses, X-ray crystallography and molecular modelling.In conclusion, the structural elements made in this thesis provide valuable insights in the understanding of the aggregation process of AÎČ 1-42 peptide and to explore the design of novel acyclic ÎČ-hairpin targeting amyloid-forming proteins

    Mimes synthĂ©tiques de feuillets bĂȘta : conception, synthĂšse et Ă©valuation de leur capacitĂ© Ă  moduler l'agrĂ©gation du peptide bĂȘta-amyloĂŻde 1-42.

    No full text
    Amyloidosis is the generic word to name a group of diseases that are caused by the misfolding and extracellular accumulation of various proteins. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder linked to oligomerization and fibrillization of amyloid ÎČ peptides, with AÎČ 1-42 being the most aggregative and neurotoxic one. To date, the exactly cause of the Alzheimer's disease is not still known and so there is no effective treatment of the disease.An attractive strategy for treating AD could be the inhibition of the oligomerization of soluble AÎČ monomers, by stabilizing the native unstructured conformation of the peptide, using compounds able to prevent the formation of ÎČ-sheets. Indeed, few structural studies of oligomeric species and fibrils revealed that the aggregation involves ÎČ-sheet structures.A large number of small molecules have been proposed for their ability to inhibit or modulate AÎČ1-42 aggregation and toxicity. However, the aggregation process is highly complex, and extremely difficult to control. Recent studies indicate that soluble transient oligomers preceding fibril formation are highly toxic species. Thus, the development of inhibitors targeting both oligomerization and fibrillization remains challenging despite its therapeutic significance. Peptides are today reasonable alternatives to small molecule pharmaceuticals. In particular, inhibition of AÎČ-aggregation has been targeted using self-recognition elements (SREs), which are key amino acid sequences involved in the different aggregated species. To our knowledge, the use of small acyclic ÎČ-hairpins has been very rarely explored as ÎČ-sheet binders and inhibitors of aggregation.As AÎČ-aggregation is a dynamic and complex process, we hypothesized that flexible ÎČ-hairpins could adapt themselves in the interaction with the different AÎČ1-42 conformations present during the aggregation process, and in particular in the early stages of oligomerization. We designed acyclic ÎČ-hairpin mimics based on a piperidine-pyrrolidine semi-rigid scaffold developed recently as a flexible ÎČ-turn inducer, and on different SREs of AÎČ1-42. The choice of the SREs was based on oligomer and fibril structures.The ability of all compounds to influence the AÎČ 1-42 fibrillization process was evaluated by thioflavin-T fluorescence spectroscopy, used as an evaluation tool to define the inhibitory activity. The obtained results were successively supplemented by transmission electron microscopy. The most promising compounds were also studied by Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) using a method we recently proposed to monitor the very early steps of the oligomerization process overtime. The best inhibitors were investigated to determine their ability to reduce the toxicity of aggregated AÎČ1-42 to SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.Together with the evaluation of these molecules, we report in this thesis the conformational studies performed by NMR. These structure investigations were performed to investigate and confirm the ÎČ-hairpin conformational preference of the compounds in solution.Finally, we performed a practical synthetic pathway to obtain new peptidomimetic chains composed by aza-amino acid residues. In the literature only peptide sequence, with just one aza-amino acid residue in the middle, are known, but the hydrogen-bonding properties of 2:1 [Aza/α]-tripeptides have not yet, to our knowledge, been exploited in the design of the inhibition of protein-protein interactions. We present in this thesis the conformational studies of the 2:1 [Aza/α]-tripeptide sequence by NMR analyses, X-ray crystallography and molecular modelling.In conclusion, the structural elements made in this thesis provide valuable insights in the understanding of the aggregation process of AÎČ 1-42 peptide and to explore the design of novel acyclic ÎČ-hairpin targeting amyloid-forming proteins.La maladie d'Alzheimer (MA) est une maladie neurodĂ©gĂ©nĂ©rative liĂ©e Ă  l’oligomĂ©risation et Ă  la fibrillation du peptide bĂȘta amyloĂŻde, avec AbĂȘta 1-42 Ă©tant le plus agrĂ©geant et neurotoxique. La cause exacte de la maladie d'Alzheimer n’est pas encore connue et donc il n'y a pas de traitement efficace contre cette maladie.Une stratĂ©gie prometteuse pourrait ĂȘtre l'inhibition de l'oligomĂ©risation de monomĂšres solubles d'AbĂȘta;, en stabilisant la conformation non structurĂ©e native du peptide, Ă  travers l’utilisation de composĂ©s capables d'empĂȘcher la formation de feuillets bĂȘta. En effet, les peu d'Ă©tudes structurales des espĂšces oligomĂ©riques et des fibrilles ont rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© que l'agrĂ©gation implique des structures en feuillet bĂȘta.De nombreuses petites molĂ©cules ont Ă©tĂ© proposĂ©es pour leur capacitĂ© Ă  inhiber ou moduler l'agrĂ©gation de AbĂȘta 1-42 et sa toxicitĂ©. Cependant, le processus d'agrĂ©gation est trĂšs complexe et difficile Ă  contrĂŽler. Des Ă©tudes rĂ©centes indiquent que les oligomĂšres solubles transitoires prĂ©cĂ©dant la formation de fibrilles sont les espĂšces les plus toxiques. Ainsi, le dĂ©veloppement d'inhibiteurs ciblant Ă  la fois l’oligomĂ©risation et la fibrillation reste difficile en dĂ©pit de son importance thĂ©rapeutique. Les peptides sont des alternatives raisonnables aux autres produits pharmaceutiques chimiques. En particulier, l'inhibition de l'agrĂ©gation de AbĂȘta; a Ă©tĂ© ciblĂ©e en utilisant des Ă©lĂ©ments d'auto-reconnaissance (SRE), qui sont des sĂ©quences d'acides aminĂ©s clĂ©s impliquĂ©s dans les diffĂ©rentes espĂšces agrĂ©gĂ©es. À notre connaissance, l'utilisation de petites "bĂȘta-hairpins" acycliques a Ă©tĂ© trĂšs rarement explorĂ©e comme ligands de feuillets-bĂȘta et comme inhibiteurs de l'agrĂ©gation.Comme l’agrĂ©gation de AbĂȘta est un processus dynamique et complexe, nous avons supposĂ© que les "bĂȘta-hairpins" flexibles pourraient mieux s'adapter dans l'interaction avec les diffĂ©rentes conformations de AbĂȘta 1-42 prĂ©sents pendant le processus d'agrĂ©gation, et en particulier dans les premiers stades de l'oligomĂ©risation. Nous avons conçu des mimes de feuillets bĂȘta acycliques basĂ©s sur un squelette semi-rigide de type pipĂ©ridine-pyrrolidine comme inducteur flexible de coude bĂȘta, et sur diffĂ©rents SREs de AbĂȘta 1-42. Le choix des SREs a Ă©tĂ© basĂ©e sur les structures d'oligomĂšres et fibrilles.La capacitĂ© de tous les composĂ©s a Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©e par spectroscopie de fluorescence Ă  la thioflavine-T pour dĂ©terminer l'activitĂ© inhibitrice. Les rĂ©sultats obtenus ont Ă©tĂ© complĂ©tĂ©s par microscopie Ă  transmission Ă©lectronique. Les composĂ©s les plus prometteurs ont Ă©galement Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©s par Ă©lectrophorĂšse capillaire (EC) pour suivre les Ă©tapes trĂšs prĂ©coces du processus d'oligomĂ©risation. Les meilleurs inhibiteurs ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©s afin de dĂ©terminer leur capacitĂ© Ă  rĂ©duire la toxicitĂ© de AbĂȘta 1-42 sur des cellules de neuroblastome SH-SY5Y.Nous rapportons Ă©galement dans cette thĂšse les Ă©tudes conformationnelles, effectuĂ©es par RMN et rĂ©alisĂ©es pour Ă©tudier et confirmer la capacitĂ© de composĂ©s de se structurer en solution comme des "bĂȘta-hairpins".Enfin, nous avons dĂ©veloppĂ© une voie de synthĂšse pour obtenir de nouvelles chaĂźnes peptidomimĂ©tiques composĂ©es par des rĂ©sidus aza-aminoacides. Dans la littĂ©rature, seules des sĂ©quences peptidiques comportant un seul rĂ©sidu aza-aminoacide au milieu, sont connues, mais les propriĂ©tĂ©s de liaison hydrogĂšne d’un 2:1 [aza/alpha]-tripeptide ne sont pas encore, Ă  notre connaissance, Ă©tudiĂ©es ni exploitĂ©es dans la conception d’inhibiteurs des interactions protĂ©ine-protĂ©ine. Nous prĂ©sentons dans cette thĂšse les Ă©tudes conformationelles rĂ©alisĂ©es par RMN, cristallographie aux rayons X et modĂ©lisation molĂ©culaire.On peut conclure que les Ă©lĂ©ments structurels dĂ©crits dans cette thĂšse fournissent des indications prĂ©cieuses dans la comprĂ©hension du processus d'agrĂ©gation du peptide AbĂȘta 1-42 et dans la conception de nouveaux " bĂȘta-hairpins" acycliques ciblant des protĂ©ines amyloĂŻdes

    Mimes synthĂ©tiques de feuillets bĂȘta : conception, synthĂšse et Ă©valuation de leur capacitĂ© Ă  moduler l'agrĂ©gation du peptide bĂȘta-amyloĂŻde 1-42.

    No full text
    Amyloidosis is the generic word to name a group of diseases that are caused by the misfolding and extracellular accumulation of various proteins. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder linked to oligomerization and fibrillization of amyloid ÎČ peptides, with AÎČ 1-42 being the most aggregative and neurotoxic one. To date, the exactly cause of the Alzheimer's disease is not still known and so there is no effective treatment of the disease.An attractive strategy for treating AD could be the inhibition of the oligomerization of soluble AÎČ monomers, by stabilizing the native unstructured conformation of the peptide, using compounds able to prevent the formation of ÎČ-sheets. Indeed, few structural studies of oligomeric species and fibrils revealed that the aggregation involves ÎČ-sheet structures.A large number of small molecules have been proposed for their ability to inhibit or modulate AÎČ1-42 aggregation and toxicity. However, the aggregation process is highly complex, and extremely difficult to control. Recent studies indicate that soluble transient oligomers preceding fibril formation are highly toxic species. Thus, the development of inhibitors targeting both oligomerization and fibrillization remains challenging despite its therapeutic significance. Peptides are today reasonable alternatives to small molecule pharmaceuticals. In particular, inhibition of AÎČ-aggregation has been targeted using self-recognition elements (SREs), which are key amino acid sequences involved in the different aggregated species. To our knowledge, the use of small acyclic ÎČ-hairpins has been very rarely explored as ÎČ-sheet binders and inhibitors of aggregation.As AÎČ-aggregation is a dynamic and complex process, we hypothesized that flexible ÎČ-hairpins could adapt themselves in the interaction with the different AÎČ1-42 conformations present during the aggregation process, and in particular in the early stages of oligomerization. We designed acyclic ÎČ-hairpin mimics based on a piperidine-pyrrolidine semi-rigid scaffold developed recently as a flexible ÎČ-turn inducer, and on different SREs of AÎČ1-42. The choice of the SREs was based on oligomer and fibril structures.The ability of all compounds to influence the AÎČ 1-42 fibrillization process was evaluated by thioflavin-T fluorescence spectroscopy, used as an evaluation tool to define the inhibitory activity. The obtained results were successively supplemented by transmission electron microscopy. The most promising compounds were also studied by Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) using a method we recently proposed to monitor the very early steps of the oligomerization process overtime. The best inhibitors were investigated to determine their ability to reduce the toxicity of aggregated AÎČ1-42 to SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.Together with the evaluation of these molecules, we report in this thesis the conformational studies performed by NMR. These structure investigations were performed to investigate and confirm the ÎČ-hairpin conformational preference of the compounds in solution.Finally, we performed a practical synthetic pathway to obtain new peptidomimetic chains composed by aza-amino acid residues. In the literature only peptide sequence, with just one aza-amino acid residue in the middle, are known, but the hydrogen-bonding properties of 2:1 [Aza/α]-tripeptides have not yet, to our knowledge, been exploited in the design of the inhibition of protein-protein interactions. We present in this thesis the conformational studies of the 2:1 [Aza/α]-tripeptide sequence by NMR analyses, X-ray crystallography and molecular modelling.In conclusion, the structural elements made in this thesis provide valuable insights in the understanding of the aggregation process of AÎČ 1-42 peptide and to explore the design of novel acyclic ÎČ-hairpin targeting amyloid-forming proteins.La maladie d'Alzheimer (MA) est une maladie neurodĂ©gĂ©nĂ©rative liĂ©e Ă  l’oligomĂ©risation et Ă  la fibrillation du peptide bĂȘta amyloĂŻde, avec AbĂȘta 1-42 Ă©tant le plus agrĂ©geant et neurotoxique. La cause exacte de la maladie d'Alzheimer n’est pas encore connue et donc il n'y a pas de traitement efficace contre cette maladie.Une stratĂ©gie prometteuse pourrait ĂȘtre l'inhibition de l'oligomĂ©risation de monomĂšres solubles d'AbĂȘta;, en stabilisant la conformation non structurĂ©e native du peptide, Ă  travers l’utilisation de composĂ©s capables d'empĂȘcher la formation de feuillets bĂȘta. En effet, les peu d'Ă©tudes structurales des espĂšces oligomĂ©riques et des fibrilles ont rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© que l'agrĂ©gation implique des structures en feuillet bĂȘta.De nombreuses petites molĂ©cules ont Ă©tĂ© proposĂ©es pour leur capacitĂ© Ă  inhiber ou moduler l'agrĂ©gation de AbĂȘta 1-42 et sa toxicitĂ©. Cependant, le processus d'agrĂ©gation est trĂšs complexe et difficile Ă  contrĂŽler. Des Ă©tudes rĂ©centes indiquent que les oligomĂšres solubles transitoires prĂ©cĂ©dant la formation de fibrilles sont les espĂšces les plus toxiques. Ainsi, le dĂ©veloppement d'inhibiteurs ciblant Ă  la fois l’oligomĂ©risation et la fibrillation reste difficile en dĂ©pit de son importance thĂ©rapeutique. Les peptides sont des alternatives raisonnables aux autres produits pharmaceutiques chimiques. En particulier, l'inhibition de l'agrĂ©gation de AbĂȘta; a Ă©tĂ© ciblĂ©e en utilisant des Ă©lĂ©ments d'auto-reconnaissance (SRE), qui sont des sĂ©quences d'acides aminĂ©s clĂ©s impliquĂ©s dans les diffĂ©rentes espĂšces agrĂ©gĂ©es. À notre connaissance, l'utilisation de petites "bĂȘta-hairpins" acycliques a Ă©tĂ© trĂšs rarement explorĂ©e comme ligands de feuillets-bĂȘta et comme inhibiteurs de l'agrĂ©gation.Comme l’agrĂ©gation de AbĂȘta est un processus dynamique et complexe, nous avons supposĂ© que les "bĂȘta-hairpins" flexibles pourraient mieux s'adapter dans l'interaction avec les diffĂ©rentes conformations de AbĂȘta 1-42 prĂ©sents pendant le processus d'agrĂ©gation, et en particulier dans les premiers stades de l'oligomĂ©risation. Nous avons conçu des mimes de feuillets bĂȘta acycliques basĂ©s sur un squelette semi-rigide de type pipĂ©ridine-pyrrolidine comme inducteur flexible de coude bĂȘta, et sur diffĂ©rents SREs de AbĂȘta 1-42. Le choix des SREs a Ă©tĂ© basĂ©e sur les structures d'oligomĂšres et fibrilles.La capacitĂ© de tous les composĂ©s a Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©e par spectroscopie de fluorescence Ă  la thioflavine-T pour dĂ©terminer l'activitĂ© inhibitrice. Les rĂ©sultats obtenus ont Ă©tĂ© complĂ©tĂ©s par microscopie Ă  transmission Ă©lectronique. Les composĂ©s les plus prometteurs ont Ă©galement Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©s par Ă©lectrophorĂšse capillaire (EC) pour suivre les Ă©tapes trĂšs prĂ©coces du processus d'oligomĂ©risation. Les meilleurs inhibiteurs ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©s afin de dĂ©terminer leur capacitĂ© Ă  rĂ©duire la toxicitĂ© de AbĂȘta 1-42 sur des cellules de neuroblastome SH-SY5Y.Nous rapportons Ă©galement dans cette thĂšse les Ă©tudes conformationnelles, effectuĂ©es par RMN et rĂ©alisĂ©es pour Ă©tudier et confirmer la capacitĂ© de composĂ©s de se structurer en solution comme des "bĂȘta-hairpins".Enfin, nous avons dĂ©veloppĂ© une voie de synthĂšse pour obtenir de nouvelles chaĂźnes peptidomimĂ©tiques composĂ©es par des rĂ©sidus aza-aminoacides. Dans la littĂ©rature, seules des sĂ©quences peptidiques comportant un seul rĂ©sidu aza-aminoacide au milieu, sont connues, mais les propriĂ©tĂ©s de liaison hydrogĂšne d’un 2:1 [aza/alpha]-tripeptide ne sont pas encore, Ă  notre connaissance, Ă©tudiĂ©es ni exploitĂ©es dans la conception d’inhibiteurs des interactions protĂ©ine-protĂ©ine. Nous prĂ©sentons dans cette thĂšse les Ă©tudes conformationelles rĂ©alisĂ©es par RMN, cristallographie aux rayons X et modĂ©lisation molĂ©culaire.On peut conclure que les Ă©lĂ©ments structurels dĂ©crits dans cette thĂšse fournissent des indications prĂ©cieuses dans la comprĂ©hension du processus d'agrĂ©gation du peptide AbĂȘta 1-42 et dans la conception de nouveaux " bĂȘta-hairpins" acycliques ciblant des protĂ©ines amyloĂŻdes

    Development of New Fluorescent PeptideBased Probes for the Specific Recognition of the A beta 42 Oligomer Species

    No full text
    Hericks L, Tonali N, Sewald N. Development of New Fluorescent PeptideBased Probes for the Specific Recognition of the A beta 42 Oligomer Species. In: Journal of Peptide Science . Vol 28. Hoboken: Wiley; 2022

    Bioactive fluorescent cyclopeptides through on-resin Suzuki cross-coupling reaction

    No full text
    Ghabraie E, Tonali NM, Kemker I, Sewald N. Bioactive fluorescent cyclopeptides through on-resin Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. In: JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE SCIENCE. Vol 24. Hoboken: Wiley; 2018: S89

    Multimodal methods to study protein aggregation and fibrillation

    No full text
    This chapter presents a selection of multimodal (combined) methods for the integral investigation of different proteins/peptides and their aggregation or fibrillation process in three levels of complexity. The first level considers the in vitro scenario where isolated polypeptides are investigated by low-resolution and atomistic techniques. The second and third levels consider protein aggregation in the cellular context in vitro (Level 2) and biological environments ex vivo and in vivo like tissue and biofluids (Level 3) to investigate the process of aggregation as close as possible to the pathological conditions. The selected examples are presented considering different protein/peptide structural transitions toward forming both nonfibrillar or fibrillar aggregates and the combinations of techniques that provide meaningful insights into the aggregation process in three levels of complexity.Fil: Herrera, Maria Georgina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Traslacional.; ArgentinaFil: Giampà, Marco. Norwegian University of Science and Technology; NoruegaFil: Tonali, Nicolo. Universite Paris-Saclay. Faculté de Pharmacie; FranciaFil: Dodero, Veronica Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universitat Bielefeld; Alemani

    Introducing sequential aza--amino acids units induces repeated ÎČ--turns and helical conformations in peptides

    No full text
    International audienceA major current issue in medicinal chemistry is the design of small peptide analogues resistant to proteolysis and able to adopt preferential conformations, while preserving the selectivity and efficiency of natural peptides. Whereas the introduction of one aza-Gly in peptides has proven numerous biological and structural interest, the conformational effect of sequential aza-Gly or aza-amino acids bearing side chains has not been investigated. In this work, experimental NMR and X-ray data together with in silico conformational studies reveal that the introduction of two consecutive aza-amino acids in pseudotripeptides induces the formation of stable hydrogen-bonded ÎČ-turn structures. Notably, this stabilization effect relies on the presence of side chains on aza-amino acids, as more flexible conformations are observed with aza-Gly residues. Remarkably, a longer aza/aza/α/aza/aza/α pseudohexapeptide containing substituted aza-amino acids adopts repeated ÎČ-turns conformations which interconvert with a fully helical structure mimicking a 3 10 helix
    corecore