Propuestas de rediseños de layouts y optimización del manejo de la bodega de carga de la empresa Coca Cola Embonor SA, Planta Talca

149 p.La creciente competencia existente hoy en día, a raíz de la entrada de nuevos competidores al mercado mundial, considerado como un factor externo para las empresas, permite que los consumidores tengan un “abanico de oportunidades y alternativas de oferta ante sus necesidades”. Por lo anterior, es necesario para toda empresa, canalizar y orientar todos sus esfuerzos en el mejoramiento continuo de los procesos, de tal manera de no quedar obsoleta ante la creciente competencia. Esto no queda de lado para el caso de empresas relacionadas con la producción y distribución de bebidas no alcohólicas, como por ejemplo Coca Cola Embonor S.A. que se ven enfrentadas a mejorar el proceso de distribución de productos desde y entre la bodega de carga, las sucursales y/o centros de distribución hacia los puntos de ventas. En la actualidad, el departamento de Distribución de la empresa Coca Cola Embonor SA, Planta Talca, estiman que la gestión llevada a cabo en bodega de carga de la planta (bodega de preparación de pedidos, picking) no se está realizando eficientemente (mucho tiempo de uso de operarios por ejemplo). Lo anterior acarrea grandes problemas en lo referente a la disposición final de los pallets, quedando ubicados en cualquier lugar de patio y sectores al interior de la bodega de carga de la planta. Los productos permanecen en diferentes áreas, siendo muy complicado el movimiento del personal, el control de los productos, la circulación de yaleys y camiones de ruta, la detección para preparar las cargas y por último se provocan errores en la inspección de productos una vez finalizada la tarea de picking (generando demoras en los despachos hacia los clientes). El objetivo de esta Memoria es proponer un rediseño de Layout en la Bodega de Carga (bodega de preparación de pedidos, picking), junto a la mejora operacional de la empresa Coca Cola Embonor SA, Planta Talca. Para ello se generan alternativas de distribución de los multi-productos para Piso y Racks, con el objetivo de mejorar las condiciones de picking al interior de la bodega de carga. La estrategia fue crear un Modelo Matemático, el que permite obtener la distribución de los productos en base a la Rotación de Productos y la Clasificación ABC de Productos (Ley de Pareto), en donde se consideran los parámetros y variables necesarias para llevar a cabo esto. El Modelo Matemático permite la flexibilidad de diferentes alternativas de distribución física, dependiendo la planificación programada (por contrato de cada cliente), de las pre-ventas o demandas conocidas. Además, se proponen procedimientos de control de trabajo en la bodega de carga, con el propósito de llevar un “seguimiento” de la productividad de los operarios, el registro de trabajo de cada supervisor en los turnos de noche en el proceso de picking. Toda la información está basada en diversos autores, tales como James Tompkins (2003), Ballou (2006), Dr. Oscar Vallejo (2008, Administración de la Producción). Finalmente se explican las propuestas referentes al modelo matemático y al control de procedimientos de picking al interior de la bodega de carga de la empresa, mostrando la nueva disposición de los productos, pasillos de seguridad, movimientos de yaleys y ocupación detallada al interior de la bodega de carga./ABSTRACT: The increased competition today, considered an external factor for business, due the entry of new competitors on the world market, let to the consumers choose between a set of solution for their needs. Therefore is necessary that every business focus and address their efforts on continuous improvement of processes. A example of this particular study is the business connected with the production and distribution of soft drinks, Coca Cola Embonor SA, Plant Talca. A internal factor of this Company is the strong growth of the supply of goods from loading area, branch and/or distribution centers (7 in total) to retail outlets. At present, the distribution department of Coca Cola Embonor SA, Plant Talca, considers that the management carried out in loading area of the plant (warehouse picking) is being performed not efficiently. This poses severe problems regarding the disposal of the pallets, being located anywhere in the yard and sectors within the loading area. The products remain in different areas, being very difficult for the movement of personnel, product control, movement of route trucks, movement of yaleys, preparation load and errors in the inspection of the products in picking (occasionally causing delays in deliveries to customers). The aim of this report is the to propose a redesign of Layout in the loading area (warehouse picking), along with operational improvements Coca Cola Embonor SA, Plant Talca. This will generate alternatives for the distribution of multi-products both in Racks as in Floor, with the aim of improving the picking within the loading area. The strategy was to create a mathematical model, it allowing obtaining the distribution of products based on the Rotation of Products and ABC Classification of Goods (Pareto), using the parameters and variables needed. The mathematical model allows the flexibility of different alternatives for physical distribution, because depends of the planning schedule (for each customer contract) of the pre-sales or demands known. Moreover in this report proposes control procedures work in the loading area in order to maintain a "tracking" the productivity of workers, work record of each supervisor on night shifts in the process of picking. All information is based on various authors such as James Tompkins (2003), Ballou (2006), Dr. Oscar Vallejo (2008, Production Management) and references of papers related to the topic. Finally, explain the proposals of the mathematical model and control of picking procedures within the loading area of the company, showing the new products available, security corridors, the movements of the yaleys and detailed occupation within the warehouse load

Main characteristics of spanish tourist firms in 2002

This paper aim is the analysis of some of the more important facts related with Spanish tourist sector in the year 2002. Number of companies and their legal condition and size, number of premises, number of workers and kind of labour relationship with the tourist firms and so on will be analysed. When possible, the analysis will be widened to the different tourist subsectors or branchs: hotels, restaurants and travel agencies and tour operators. Their figures will be compared with the same ones for the Spanish economy as a whole

Psychological, social and environmental predictors of physical activity in mexican adolescents = Psychologiczne, społeczne i środowiskowe czynniki wpływające na aktywność fizyczną u nastolatków meksykańskich

Background. Sedentarism and Physical Activity (PA) are considered main components of people’s lifestyle and key indicators of health. Although they can be seen as opposite life conducts that reduce each other’s effects on health, no study has yet clarified the nature of their relation. However, both behaviors can be influenced by similar psychological, social, and environmental constructs. Material and methods. We selected 480 students (272 boys, 208 girls) from middle schools in the metropolitan area of Monterrey (Mexico), who filled in questionnaires on PA behaviors and social-environmental correlates through an online system. Results. Our outcomes highlighted overall low PA levels. Further, girls are more affected by their social environment, whereas physical environment barriers represent a fitting predictor of boys’ PA. Regardless of gender, PA engagement seems to be significantly determined by the level of enjoyment of sedentary behaviors. Conclusions. These results can help professionals in PA and health create gender-specific interventions targeting to raise youth’s PA levels by means of enhancing psychosocial and contextual features. Due to the lack of studies on psychological factors related to sedentary behaviors, our results could arouse attention on this issue and promote further research to better understand the processes beneath it

Ram pressure profiles in galaxy groups and clusters

Using a hybrid method which combines non-radiative hydrodynamical simulations with a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation, we determine the ram pressure as a function of halocentric distance experienced by galaxies in haloes with virial masses 12.5 <= log (M_200 h/M_Sun) < 15.35, for redshifts 0 <= z <= 3. The ram pressure is calculated with a self-consistent method which uses the simulation gas particles to obtain the properties of the intergalactic medium. The ram pressure profiles obtained can be well described by beta profile models, with parameters that depend on redshift and halo virial mass in a simple fashion. The fitting formulae provided here will prove useful to include ram pressure effects into semi-analytic models based on methods which lack gas physics, such as dark matter-only simulations or the Press-Schechter formalism.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRA

Presentación de las tareas proporcionado por el profesor, necesidades psicológicas y vitalidad subjetiva en alumnos de educación física = Task presentation provided by the teacher, psychological needs and subjective vitality in physical education students = Apresentação das tarefas fornecidas pelo profesor, das necesidades psicológicas e da vitalidade subjetiva dos alunos de educação física

Tomando como base la teoría de las necesidades psicológicas básicas (Deci y Ryan, 2002), en este estudio se examinó si la percepción que tiene el alumno de la presentación de las tareas por parte del profesor predice la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas, y éstas a su vez predicen el bienestar (vitalidad subjetiva) de los alumnos en la sesión de educación física. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 515 niños (272 hombres [M = 11.28 años; DT = .49] y 243 mujeres [M = 11.36 años; DT = .48]) estudiantes de sexto grado de primaria (M = 11.32; DT = .48), que cumplimentaron los instrumentos que evaluaban las variables del estudio. Los resultados del análisis de ecuaciones estructurales indicaron que la presentación de las tareas actuó como predictor positivo de la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas, y que éstas a su vez predijeron positivamente la vitalidad subjetiva. Los análisis de mediación indicaron que la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas medió parcialmente la relación entre la percepción que tiene el alumno de la presentación de las tareas por el profesor y el bienestar psicológico de los alumnos de educación física. ABSTRACT Within the framework of basic psychological needs theory (Deci & Ryan, 2002), in this study we examined the students’ perception of the coach’s task presentation as a predictor of the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs, which in turn predicted psychological wellbeing (subjective vitality) of students in the physical education context. Participants were 515 children (272 men [M = 11.28 years; SD = .49] and 243 women [M = 11.32 years; SD = .48]) students in the sixth grade of primary school (M = 11.32 years, SD = .48), who completed the questionnaires measuring the study variables. Results of structural equation analyses showed that coach’s task presentation positively predicted satisfaction of the basic psychological needs, which in turn positively predicted subjective vitality. Satisfaction of the basic psychological needs partially mediated the relationship between coach’s task presentation and well-being of students in the physical education context RESUMO Tendo como base a teoria das necessidades psicológicas básicas (Deci e Ryan, 2002), este estudo busca analisar se a percepção predefinida pelos alunos sobre a apresentação das atividades propostas pelo professor predizem à satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas, e estas por sua vez, definem o bem-estar (vitalidade subjetiva) dos alunos na aula de educação física. A amostra está conformada por 515 crianças (272 meninos [M = 11.28 anos; DT = .49] e 243 meninas[M = 11.32 anos; DT = .48]) estudantes de sexto ano da primária (M = 11.32 anos; DT = .48), que preencheram os instrumentos de avaliação das variáveis do estudo. Os resultados da análise de equações estruturais mostraram que a apresentação das atividades atuou como influenciador positivo da satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas e que estas, por sua vez, manifestaram-se positivamente frente a vitalidade subjetiva. As análises de mediação indicaram que a satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas mediu parcialmente a relação entre a percepção do aluno sobre a apresentação das tarefas pelo professor e o bem-estar psicológico dos alunos de educação física

CARACTERIZACIÓN Y VARIACIÓN ECOGEOGRÁFICA DE POBLACIONES DE CHILE (CAPSICUM ANNUUM VAR. GLABRIUSCULUM) SILVESTRE DEL NOROESTE DE MÉXICO

The geographic variation in morphologicaltraits of 19 wild pepper population(Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum)from northwestern Mexico was analyzedin the field. The traits measured were:plant height, stem diameter, branch length,peduncle length, fruit lenght, fruit width,fruit weight, number of seeds per fruit, andseed weight. The morphological traits datawere analyzed by univariate and principal component (PC) analysis. The geographicaland climatical data of population origenwere analized by PC analysis and werecorrelated with morphological traits means.High variability for most of traits measuredwas found. Populations were clearlydifferentiated by univariate and PC analysisindicating a high variation among them.The population means of fruit length, fruitwidth and fruit weight, and number of seedsper fruit were positive and significantlycorrelated with the second PC of thegeographical and climatical variables frompopulation origen sites. This second PC wasdefined mainly by temperature, altitude andmean annual rainfall. These results indicatethat the temperature and the water amountduring plant growth and reproduction areimportant factors in the diferentiation ofwild C. annuum populations in the field.Se analizó la variación geográfica encaracteres morfológicos de 19 poblacionesde chile silvestre (Capsicum annuum var.glabriusculum) en sus hábitats naturales en elnoroeste de México. Los caracteres medidosfueron: altura de planta, longitud de rama,diámetro de tallo, longitud de pedúnculo,longitud de fruto, anchura de fruto, peso defruto, número de semillas por fruto y pesode semilla. Los datos de las característicasmorfológicas se examinaron medianteanálisis univariados y de componentesprincipales (CP). Los datos geográficosy climáticos de los sitios de origen de laspoblaciones fueron analizados medianteanálisis de CP y se correlacionaron con lasmedias de las características morfológicas.Se encontró amplia variabilidad en lamayoría de las características medidas. Losanálisis univariados y de CP diferenciaronclaramente a las poblaciones, indicando unaelevada variación entre ellas. Las medias delas poblaciones para la longitud, anchuray peso de fruto y número de semillaspor fruto se correlacionaron positiva ysignificativamente con el segundo CP de las variables geográficas y climáticas delos sitios de origen de las poblaciones. Estesegundo CP fue definido principalmente porla temperatura, la altitud y la precipitaciónmedia anual. Estos resultados indican que latemperatura y la cantidad de agua disponibledurante el crecimiento y reproducción delas plantas son factores importantes parala diferenciación de las poblaciones C.annuum silvestre que crecen en condicionesnaturales

Melatonin Targets Metabolism in Head and Neck Cancer Cells by Regulating Mitochondrial Structure and Function

This study was funded by grants from the Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad y por el Fondo de Desarrollo Regional FEDER, Spain nº SAF2013-49019, SAF2017-85903-P, and from the Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa, Junta de Andalucía (P07- CTS- 03135, P10- CTS- 5784, and CTS- 101), Spain. J.F. and L.M. have FPU fellowships from the Ministerio de Educación Cultura y Deporte, Spain. C.R.S. was a schorlarship holder from the Plan Propio de Investigación of the University of Granada.We wish to thank Michael O’Shea for proofreading the paper.Metabolic reprogramming, which is characteristic of cancer cells that rapidly adapt to the hypoxic microenvironment and is crucial for tumor growth and metastasis, is recognized as one of the major mechanisms underlying therapeutic resistance. Mitochondria, which are directly involved in metabolic reprogramming, are used to design novel mitochondria-targeted anticancer agents. Despite being targeted by melatonin, the functional role of mitochondria in melatonin's oncostatic activity remains unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of melatonin in mitochondrial metabolism and its functional consequences in head and neck cancer. We analyzed the effects of melatonin on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines (Cal-27 and SCC-9), which were treated with 100, 500, and 1500 mu M of melatonin for 1, 3, and 5 days, and found a connection between a change of metabolism following melatonin treatment and its effects on mitochondria. Our results demonstrate that melatonin induces a shift to an aerobic mitochondrial metabolism that is associated with changes in mitochondrial morphology, function, fusion, and fission in HNSCC. We found that melatonin increases oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and inhibits glycolysis in HNSCC, resulting in increased ROS production, apoptosis, and mitophagy, and decreased cell proliferation. Our findings highlight new molecular pathways involved in melatonin's oncostatic activity, suggesting that it could act as an adjuvant agent in a potential therapy for cancer patients. We also found that high doses of melatonin, such as those used in this study for its cytotoxic impact on HNSCC cells, might lead to additional effects through melatonin receptors.Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad y por el Fondo de Desarrollo Regional FEDER, Spain SAF2013-49019 SAF2017-85903-PJunta de Andalucia P07-CTS-03135 P10-CTS-5784 CTS-101Ministerio de Educacion Cultura y Deporte, SpainPlan Propio de Investigacion of the University of Granad

Examining the immune signatures of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy and the impact on neurodevelopment: Protocol of the SIGNATURE longitudinal study.

The COVID-19 pandemic represents a valuable opportunity to carry out cohort studies that allow us to advance our knowledge on pathophysiological mechanisms of neuropsychiatric diseases. One of these opportunities is the study of the relationships between inflammation, brain development and an increased risk of suffering neuropsychiatric disorders. Based on the hypothesis that neuroinflammation during early stages of life is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and confers a greater risk of developing neuropsychiatric disorders, we propose a cohort study of SARS-CoV-2-infected pregnant women and their newborns. The main objective of SIGNATURE project is to explore how the presence of prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection and other non-infectious stressors generates an abnormal inflammatory activity in the newborn. The cohort of women during the COVID-19 pandemic will be psychological and biological monitored during their pregnancy, delivery, childbirth and postpartum. The biological information of the umbilical cord (foetus blood) and peripheral blood from the mother will be obtained after childbirth. These samples and the clinical characterisation of the cohort of mothers and newborns, are tremendously valuable at this time. This is a protocol report and no analyses have been conducted yet, being currently at, our study is in the recruitment process step. At the time of this publication, we have identified 1,060 SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers and all have already given birth. From the total of identified mothers, we have recruited 537 SARS-COV-2 infected women and all of them have completed the mental health assessment during pregnancy. We have collected biological samples from 119 mothers and babies. Additionally, we have recruited 390 non-infected pregnant women