Consumo de café y su relación con la hipertensión arterial. Revisión bibliográfica

Introducción. El café es una de las bebidas más consumidas en todo el mundo. Contiene un considerable número de sustancias, de las que la cafeína es la más conocida por sus efectos estimulantes y psicoactivos en el sistema nervioso central (SNC). La hipertensión arterial (HTA) constituye uno de los problemas médico-sanitarios más importantes de la medicina, es un problema de salud de relevancia mundial, no solo por los prejuicios que ocasiona en la salud de las personas, sino también por el número apreciable de muertes e incapacidades que produce de manera indirecta al ser un factor de riesgo de otras patologías. Objetivo. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es analizar la evidencia científica reciente sobre un aspecto de preocupación en la salud pública como es la relación entre el consumo de café y su efecto en el control de la tensión arterial (TA). Metodología. Se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica temporalmente enmarcada, entre los meses de diciembre de 2017 y abril de 2018, utilizando los motores de búsqueda WOS y Google Académico. Se han seleccionado artículos de revisión y de intervención en humanos publicados en los 10 últimos años. Resultados. Se seleccionaron 28 artículos y tras su lectura crítica se ha visto que el café contiene un gran número de sustancias, algunas con efectos beneficiosos como los antioxidantes, y otras que mantienen un debate abierto sobre la relación beneficio/riesgo como es el caso de la cafeína. En relación con las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV), estos estudios indicaron que el consumo de cantidades moderadas de café (hasta 3 tazas/día) no tiene asociación con el riesgo de HTA. Incluso pueden tener un efecto beneficioso en el riesgo de desarrollar ECV. Conclusiones. Serían necesarias futuras investigaciones que permitan eliminar las controversias existentes entre el consumo de café y la HTA. El profesional de enfermería se constituye como un ente facilitador que reorienta los modos de vida y da a conocer medidas para permitir un mejor control de la TA en pacientes hipertensos y un retraso de la aparición de esta enfermedad en sujetos sanosGrado en Enfermerí

Towards a new classification of galaxies: principal component analysis of CALIFA circular velocity curves

We present a galaxy classification system for 238 (E1-Sdm) CALIFA (Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area) galaxies based on the shapes and amplitudes of their circular velocity curves (CVCs). We infer the CVCs from the de-projected surface brightness of the galaxies, after scaling by a constant mass-to-light ratio based on stellar dynamics - solving axisymmetric Jeans equations via fitting the second velocity moment $V_{\mathrm{rms}}=\sqrt{V^2+\sigma^2}$ of the stellar kinematics. We use principal component analysis (PCA) applied to the CVC shapes to find characteristic features and use a $k$-means classifier to separate circular curves into classes. This objective classification method identifies four different classes, which we name slow-rising (SR), flat (FL), round-peaked (RP) and sharp-peaked (SP) circular curves. SR are typical for low-mass, late-type (Sb-Sdm), young, faint, metal-poor and disc-dominated galaxies. SP are typical for high-mass, early-type (E1-E7), old, bright, metal-rich and bulge-dominated galaxies. FL and RP appear presented by galaxies with intermediate mass, age, luminosity, metallicity, bulge-to-disk ratio and morphologies (E4-S0a, Sa-Sbc). The discrepancy mass factor, $f_d=1-M_{*}/M_{dyn}$, have the largest value for SR and SP classes ($\sim$ 74 per cent and $\sim$ 71 per cent, respectively) in contrast to the FL and RP classes (with $\sim$ 59 per cent and $\sim$ 61 per cent, respectively). Circular curve classification presents an alternative to typical morphological classification and appears more tightly linked to galaxy evolution.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (Minor changes), 123 pages, 19 figures, 87 Tables (containing the basic properties of the 238 E1-Sdm galaxies; the five main Principal Component Eigenvectors; the five main Principal Components - PC_i; the Multi-Gaussian Expansion models - MGEs; the circular velocity curve models and their uncertainties

Desarrollar una propuesta de enseñanza aprendizaje de Matemáticas y su Didáctica para la formación de Docentes considerando la diversidad funcional asociada a la discapacidad intelectual, mediante la intervención en el Proyecto Liceo

Depto. de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales , Sociales y MatemáticasFac. de EducaciónFALSEsubmitte

Homérica: estudiar y vivir el mundo griego II

Depto. de Filología ClásicaFac. de FilologíaFALSEsubmitte

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis

Background Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis. Methods A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (proportion of patients who did not have appendicitis correctly classified as low risk) whilst maintaining a failure rate below 5 per cent (proportion of patients identified as low risk who actually had appendicitis). Results Some 5345 patients across 154 UK hospitals were identified, of which two‐thirds (3613 of 5345, 67·6 per cent) were women. Women were more than twice as likely to undergo surgery with removal of a histologically normal appendix (272 of 964, 28·2 per cent) than men (120 of 993, 12·1 per cent) (relative risk 2·33, 95 per cent c.i. 1·92 to 2·84; P < 0·001). Of 15 validated risk prediction models, the Adult Appendicitis Score performed best (cut‐off score 8 or less, specificity 63·1 per cent, failure rate 3·7 per cent). The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score performed best for men (cut‐off score 2 or less, specificity 24·7 per cent, failure rate 2·4 per cent). Conclusion Women in the UK had a disproportionate risk of admission without surgical intervention and had high rates of normal appendicectomy. Risk prediction models to support shared decision‐making by identifying adults in the UK at low risk of appendicitis were identified

Blueshifts of the B ← X excitation spectra of He 79 Br 2 using a DIM-based potential

A first-order diatomics-in-molecule potential energy surface (PES) for the excited B state of the HeBr2 Van der Waals complex is implemented for the calculation of its B←X vibronic spectra at high vibrational excitations v of the Br2(B) fragment. The parameters of the PES, which should describe true He-Br interactions, are determined empirically. It is found that three-body interactions included in the model markedly change the topological properties of the PES with respect to a simple pairwise one. In particular, they are responsible for the decrease of the frequency shift at v>33 observed experimentally. Better agreement with the experimental spectrum is also attained at very high vibrational excitations where the effects of intramolecular vibrational relaxation are essential. 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.This work has been supported by the DGICYT. Spain and the INTAS under Grants PB95-0071 and 97-31573, respectivelyPeer Reviewe