88 research outputs found
ON THE WAY TO OBSERVE HOW FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS REASON ABOUT FRACTIONS
In our contribution we focus on the possibility to use an educational tool called Concept Cartoons in future primary school teachers’ education, as an instrument for observing how future primary school teachers reason about fractions. In the introduction section we present Concept Cartoons, and also the primary school level of the fractions topic. In the first part of the research we analyse data obtained when future primary school teachers were solving a problem in the Concept Cartoon form. The task which we adapted to this form belongs to primary school mathematics, it focuses on the concept of a fraction per se (on the parts-and-whole decision and on comparison of two pre-partitioned models with diverse wholes). Using Concept Cartoons, we can observe which statements about the issue our respondents consider as correct, and which kinds of reasoning they use in their justifications. In the second part of the research we analyse problems that the respondents themselves posed in the Concept Cartoon form, with particular focus on tasks devoted to fractions
ON THE WAY TO DEVELOP OPEN APPROACH TO MATHEMATICS IN FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS
In our contribution we focus on the possibility to develop open approach to mathematics in future primary school teachers during a university course on mathematics conducted in inquiry-based manner. In the first part of the research we analyse data obtained in the beginning and in the end of the mathematics course with respect to two main aspects related to open approach to mathematics: searching for all solutions of a task, and acceptance of different forms of notation of a given solution. Data analysis revealed in the participants three different shifts towards open approach to mathematics, and showed that after the active participation in the course each of the participants improved at least in one of the monitored aspects, and that none of the participants got worse in any of the aspects. In the second part of the research we analyse problems posed by participants several months after the end of the course, again with respect to the two aspects related to open approach to mathematics. As a special diagnostic instrument in our research we use an educational tool called Concept Cartoons
French Reflexions on Czech in 17th and 18th Centuries
Práce se zabývá literární reflexí Francouzů a jejich vztahem k českým zemím v průběhu 17. a 18. století. Zkoumá, jaký postoj k Čechám a českému národu zaujímali francouzští cestovatelé a historici především v oblasti otázek náboženství a duchovního života. Dále si všímá, jak se v průběhu obou století proměňovaly názory Francouzů na české země v závislosti na měnící se době. Zaznamenává, co bylo středem jejich pozornosti a jaké faktory mohly jejich stanoviska ovlivňovat. Práce vychází zejména z pramenné literatury, tj. francouzských cestopisů a historických děl.The thesis deals with the literary reflection of the French and their relationship to Bohemia during the 17th and 18th centuries. It examines the attitude of French travelers and historians to Bohemia and the Czech nation, especially in matters of religion and spiritual life. It also mentions how, according to the changing times, French opinions on Bohemia developed during the two respective centuries. The thesis records what they focused their attention on and which factors might have influenced their opinions. The thesis is mainly based on the literary sources, i.e. French travel books and historical works.Katedra české literaturyPedagogická fakultaFaculty of Educatio
Preparation of Biotinylated and FITC-Labelled Phosphorylcholine Poly(acrylamide) Derivatives and Their Application for Protein Ligand-Binding Studies
Biotin- and FITC-labelled water-soluble poly(acrylamide) derivatives of phosphorylcholine were prepared by coupling either maleinylated (a) or periodate-oxidized (b) L-glyceryl phosphorylcholine to poly-(acrylamide-allylamine) copolymer. Biotinylated phosphorylcholine poly(acrylamide) derivatives of both types were tested with Limulus polyphemus C-reactive protein and were used for the study of the phosphorylcholine-binding properties of boar seminal plasma proteins. Binding sites for phosphorylcholine on the surface of bull sperms were visualized using a FITC-labelled derivative of the ligand
Urban and rural differences in frequency of fruit, vegetable, and soft drink consumption among 6–9‐year‐old children from 19 countries from the WHO European region
In order to address the paucity of evidence on the association between childhood eating habits and urbanization, this cross-sectional study describes urban–rural differences in frequency of fruit, vegetable, and soft drink consumption in 123,100 children aged 6–9 years from 19 countries participating in the fourth round (2015-2017) of the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI). Children's parents/caregivers completed food-frequency questionnaires. A multivariate multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed and revealed wide variability among countries and within macroregions for all indicators. The percentage of children attending rural schools ranged from 3% in Turkey to 70% in Turkmenistan. The prevalence of less healthy eating habits was high, with between 30–80% and 30–90% children not eating fruit or vegetables daily, respectively, and up to 45% consuming soft drinks on >3 days a week. For less than one third of the countries, children attending rural schools had higher odds (OR-range: 1.1–2.1) for not eating fruit or vegetables daily or consuming soft drinks >3 days a week compared to children attending urban schools. For the remainder of the countries no significant associations were observed. Both population-based interventions and policy strategies are necessary to improve access to healthy foods and increase healthy eating behaviors among children.The authors gratefully acknowledge support from a grant from the
Russian Government in the context of the WHO European Office for
the Prevention and Control of NCDs.
Data collection in the countries was made possible through
funding from Albania: WHO through the Joint Programme on
Children, Food Security and Nutrition “Reducing Malnutrition in
Children,” funded by the Millennium Development Goals Achievement Fund, and the Institute of Public Health; Austria: Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Health, Care and Consumer Protection, Republic
of Austria; Bulgaria: Ministry of Health, National Center of Public
Health and Analyses, WHO Regional Office for Europe; Croatia: Ministry of Health, Croatian Institute of Public Health and WHO
Regional Office for Europe; Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic,
grant nr. AZV MZČR 17-31670 A and MZČR–RVO EÚ 00023761;
Denmark: Danish Ministry of Health; Estonia: Ministry of Social
Affairs, Ministry of Education and Research (IUT 42-2), WHO Country
Office, and National Institute for Health Development; Georgia:
WHO; Ireland: Health Service Executive; Italy: Ministry of Health and
Italian National Institute of Health; Kazakhstan: Ministry of Health of
the Republic of Kazakhstan and WHO Country Office; Kyrgyzstan:
World Health Organization; Latvia: Ministry of Health, Centre for
Disease Prevention and Control; Lithuania: Science Foundation of
Lithuanian University of Health Sciences and Lithuanian Science
Council and WHO; Malta: Ministry of Health; Montenegro: WHO and
Institute of Public Health of Montenegro; North Macedonia: COSI in
North Macedonia is funded by the Government of North Macedonia
through National Annual Program of Public Health and implemented
by the Institute of Public Health and Centers of Public Health in the
country. WHO country office provides support for training and data
management; Norway: Ministry of Health and Norwegian Institute of
Public Health; Poland: National Health Programme, Ministry of
Health; Portugal: Ministry of Health Institutions, the National Institute
of Health, Directorate General of Health, Regional Health Directorates and the kind technical support from the Center for Studies and
Research on Social Dynamics and Health (CEIDSS); Romania: Ministry
of Health; Serbia: This study was supported by the World Health
Organization (Ref. File 2015-540940); Slovakia: Biennial Collaborative
Agreement between WHO Regional Office for Europe and Ministry
of Health SR; Spain: Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition
(AESAN); Tajikistan: WHO Country Office in Tajikistan and Ministry
of Health and Social Protection; Turkmenistan: WHO Country Office
in Turkmenistan and Ministry of Health; Turkey: Turkish Ministry of
Health and World Bank.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Thinness, overweight, and obesity in 6‐ to 9‐year‐old children from 36 countries: The World Health Organization European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative - COSI 2015-2017
In 2015-2017, the fourth round of the World Health Organization (WHO) European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) was conducted in 36 countries. National representative samples of children aged 6–9 (203,323) were measured by trained staff, with similar equipment and using a standardized protocol. This paper assesses the children's body weight status and compares the burden of childhood overweight, obesity, and thinness in Northern, Eastern, and Southern Europe and Central Asia. The results show great geographic variability in height, weight, and body mass index. On average, the children of Northern Europe were the tallest, those of Southern Europe the heaviest, and the children living in Central Asia the lightest and the shortest. Overall, 28.7% of boys and 26.5% of girls were overweight (including obesity) and 2.5% and 1.9%, respectively, were thin according to the WHO definitions. The prevalence of obesity varied from 1.8% of boys and 1.1% of girls in Tajikistan to 21.5% and 19.2%, respectively, in Cyprus, and tended to be higher for boys than for girls. Levels of thinness, stunting, and underweight were relatively low, except in Eastern Europe (for thinness) and in Central Asia. Despite the efforts to halt it, unhealthy weight status is still an important problem in the WHO European Region.The authors gratefully acknowledge support from a grant from the
Russian Government in the context of the WHO European Office for
the Prevention and Control of NCDs. Data collection in the countries
was made possible through funding from the following: Albania:
WHO through the Joint Programme on Children, Food Security and
Nutrition “Reducing Malnutrition in Children,” funded by the
Millennium Development Goals Achievement Fund, and the Institute
of Public Health; Austria: Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Health,
Care and Consumer Protection, Republic of Austria; Bulgaria: Ministry
of Health, National Center of Public Health and Analyses, WHO
Regional Office for Europe; Croatia: Ministry of Health, Croatian Institute of Public Health and WHO Regional Office for Europe; Czechia:
Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic, grants AZV MZČR
17-31670 A and MZČR – RVO EÚ 00023761; Cyprus: not available;
Denmark: Danish Ministry of Health; Estonia: Ministry of Social
Affairs, Ministry of Education and Research (IUT 42-2), WHO Country
Office, and National Institute for Health Development; Finland: Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare; France: Santé publique France,
the French Agency for Public Health; Georgia: WHO; Greece: International Hellenic University and Hellenic Medical Association for Obesity; Hungary: WHO Country Office for Hungary; Ireland: Health
Service Executive; Italy: Ministry of Health and Italian National Institute of Health; Kazakhstan: Ministry of Health of the Republic of
Kazakhstan and WHO Country Office; Kyrgyzstan: World Health
Organization; Latvia: Ministry of Health, Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; Lithuania: Science Foundation of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences and Lithuanian Science Council and WHO;
Malta: Ministry of Health; Montenegro: WHO and Institute of Public
Health of Montenegro; North Macedonia: funded by the Government
of North Macedonia through National Annual Program of Public
Health and implemented by the Institute of Public Health and Centers
of Public Health in the country. WHO country office provided support
for training and data management; Norway: Ministry of Health and
Norwegian Institute of Public Health; Poland: National Health Programme, Ministry of Health; Portugal: Ministry of Health Institutions,
the National Institute of Health, Directorate General of Health,
Regional Health Directorates and the kind technical support from the
Center for Studies and Research on Social Dynamics and Health
(CEIDSS); Romania: Ministry of Health; Russian Federation: WHO;
San Marino: Health Ministry, Educational Ministry, Social Security
Institute and Health Authority; Serbia: World Health Organization
(Ref. File 2015-540940); Slovakia: Biennial Collaborative Agreement
between WHO Regional Office for Europe and Ministry of Health SR;
Slovenia: Ministry of Education, Science and Sport of the Republic of
Slovenia within the SLOfit surveillance system; Spain: Spanish Agency
for Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN); Sweden: Public Health
Agency of Sweden; Tajikistan: WHO Country Office in Tajikistan and
Ministry of Health and Social Protection; Turkmenistan: WHO Country Office in Turkmenistan and Ministry of Health; Turkey: Turkish Ministry of Health and World Bank.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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