13,608 research outputs found
Monte Carlo Studies of the GCT Telescope for the Cherenkov Telescope Array
The GCT is an innovative dual-mirror solution proposed for the small-size
telescopes for CTA, capable of imaging primary cosmic gamma-rays from below a
TeV to hundreds of TeV. The reduced plate scale resulting from the secondary
optics allows the use of compact photosensors, including multi-anode
photomultiplier tubes or silicon photomultipliers. We show preliminary results
of Monte Carlo simulations using the packages CORSIKA and Sim_telarray,
comparing the relative performance of each photosensor type. We also
investigate the effect of the secondary optics in terms of optical performance,
image resolution and camera response. With the ongoing commissioning of the
prototype structure and camera, we present the preliminary expected performance
of GCT.Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference
(ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at
arXiv:1508.0589
"We want to help people see things our way": A rights-based analysis of disabled children's experience living with low income
Standard PK/PD concepts can be applied to determine a dosage regimen for a macrolide: the case of tulathromycin in the calf
The pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of tulathromycin, administered to calves subcutaneously at the dosage of 2.5 mg/kg, was established in serum, inflamed (exudate), and noninflamed (transudate) fluids in a tissue cage model. The PK profile of tulathromycin was also established in pneumonic calves. For Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida, tulathromycin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were approximately 50 times lower in calf serum than in MuellerâHinton broth. The breakpoint value of the PK/pharmacodynamic (PD) index (AUC(0â24 h)/MIC) to achieve a bactericidal effect was estimated from in vitro timeâkill studies to be approximately 24 h for M. haemolytica and P. multocida. A population model was developed from healthy and pneumonic calves and, using Monte Carlo simulations, PK/PD cutoffs required for the development of antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) were determined. The population distributions of tulathromycin doses were established by Monte Carlo computation (MCC). The computation predicted a target attainment rate (TAR) for a tulathromycin dosage of 2.5 mg/kg of 66% for M. haemolytica and 87% for P. multocida. The findings indicate that free tulathromycin concentrations in serum suffice to explain the efficacy of singleâdose tulathromycin in clinical use, and that a dosage regimen can be computed for tulathromycin using classical PK/PD concepts
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Advancing Artificial Intelligence in Sensors, Signals, and Imaging Informatics.
ObjectiveTo identify research works that exemplify recent developments in the field of sensors, signals, and imaging informatics.MethodA broad literature search was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science, supplemented with individual papers that were nominated by section editors. A predefined query made from a combination of Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms and keywords were used to search both sources. Section editors then filtered the entire set of retrieved papers with each paper having been reviewed by two section editors. Papers were assessed on a three-point Likert scale by two section editors, rated from 0 (do not include) to 2 (should be included). Only papers with a combined score of 2 or above were considered.ResultsA search for papers was executed at the start of January 2019, resulting in a combined set of 1,459 records published in 2018 in 119 unique journals. Section editors jointly filtered the list of candidates down to 14 nominations. The 14 candidate best papers were then ranked by a group of eight external reviewers. Four papers, representing different international groups and journals, were selected as the best papers by consensus of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook editorial board.ConclusionsThe fields of sensors, signals, and imaging informatics have rapidly evolved with the application of novel artificial intelligence/machine learning techniques. Studies have been able to discover hidden patterns and integrate different types of data towards improving diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes. However, the quality of papers varied widely without clear reporting standards for these types of models. Nevertheless, a number of papers have demonstrated useful techniques to improve the generalizability, interpretability, and reproducibility of increasingly sophisticated models
Considerations in relation to off-site emergency procedures and response for nuclear accidents
The operation of nuclear facilities has, fortunately, not led to many accidents with off-site consequences. However, it is well-recognised that should a large release of radioactivity occur, the effects in the surrounding area and population will be significant. These effects can be mitigated by developing emergency preparedness and response plans prior to the operation of the nuclear facility that can be exercised regularly and implemented if an accident occurs. This review paper details the various stages of a nuclear accident and the corresponding aspects of an emergency preparedness plan that are relevant to these stages, both from a UK and international perspective. The paper also details how certain aspects of emergency preparedness have been affected by the accident at Fukushima Dai-ichi and as a point of comparison how emergency management plans were implemented following the accidents at Three Mile Island 2 and Chernobyl. In addition, the UKâs economic costing model for nuclear accidents COCO-2, and the UKâs Level-3 Probabilistic Safety Assessment code âPACEâ are introduced. Finally, the factors that affect the economic impact of a nuclear accident, especially from a UK standpoint, are described
Dynamically-coupled partial-waves in isospin-2 scattering from lattice QCD
We present the first determination of scattering, incorporating
dynamically-coupled partial-waves, using lattice QCD, a first-principles
numerical approach to QCD. Considering the case of isospin-2 , we
calculate partial-wave amplitudes with and determine the degree of
dynamical mixing between the coupled and -wave channels with .
The analysis makes use of the relationship between scattering amplitudes and
the discrete spectrum of states in the finite volume lattice. Constraints on
the scattering amplitudes are provided by over one hundred energy levels
computed on two lattice volumes at various overall momenta and in several
irreducible representations of the relevant symmetry groups. The spectra follow
from variational analyses of matrices of correlations functions computed with
large bases of meson-meson operators. Calculations are performed with
degenerate light and strange quarks tuned to the physical strange quark mass so
that MeV, ensuring that the is stable against strong
decay. This work demonstrates the successful application of techniques, opening
the door to calculations of scattering processes that incorporate the effects
of dynamically-coupled partial-waves, including those involving resonances or
bound states.Comment: Minor changes to match the published versio
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