Synthesis, Characterization And Modification Of SAPO-34 Zeolite Membrane For Separation Of CO2 From Binary Gas Mixtures

In the present research, silicoaluminophosphate – thirty four (SAPO-34) zeolite membranes were synthesized on -alumina disc support using (1) direct insitu crystallization and (2) microwave (MW) heating. MW heating formed thinner SAPO-34 membrane (thickness of ~ 1.6 m) with narrower zeolite crystal size distribution (~ 0.6 m) in much shortened synthesis time of 2 hours at 200 oC compared to direct in-situ crystallization. The SAPO-34 membranes synthesized using MW heating were modified by ion-exchange process with Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+cations. The membranes were characterized using TEM, XRD, SEM, TGA, EDS, FT-IR and nitrogen adsorption-desorption

Prediction of CO2 Permeability in NH2-MIL-53(Al)/Cellulose Acetate Mixed matrix Membranes using Theoretical Models

Estimation of CO2 permeability of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) using models has importance for the design of membrane separation system. In the current article, the previously reported models were used for the calculations of CO2 permeability through new type of MMMs, NH2-MIL-53(Al)/CA. It was found that modified Maxwell model demonstrated the absolute average error (AARE %) of 1.66%, which is lower than the AARE% obtained from the other theoretical models. Besides, the results also showed that AARE% of models for the prediction of CO2 permeability was in the order of modified Maxwell model < Lewis-Nielsen model < Fleski model < Bruggeman model < Pal model< modified Fleski model < Maxwell model. Therefore, it can be concluded that modified Maxwell model is more accurate compared to other theoretical models for the prediction of CO2 permeability through NH2-MIL-53(Al)/CA MMMs

Recent Advancement of Sustainable and Renewable Energy in Osmotic Power Generation

Investment in clean energy is demand in this century due to abundance of CO2 accumulation in the world to cause several environmental issues. Therefore, harvesting clean energy may assist in reducing carbon footprint in the world to create a green environment for sustainable living. The salinity gradient energy is one of the clean energies with the concept of mixing both salt concentration water from the ocean and fresh water from the river to create an osmotic pressure to power-up the generator for the production of electrical energy. Salinity different between the oceanic salt water and fresh water could produce an equilibrium osmotic pressure that achieve up to 27 bars equivalent from resulting pressure under the water for 200 to 300 meters. The potential of the power production through osmosis power generator is capture at the value of 2000 TWh per year, where in 2018 the world energy consumption was growing 2.3%, in which twice the number compare to the average rate of the growth. The major energy consumption is contributed from fossil fuel and consequently resulted from emissions of CO2 increased to 33.1 Gt to the atmosphere. This work explained the advantage of using salinity gradient energy and the fundamental principle of blue energy from pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO). Thus, the osmotic power by using different salinity gradient to create energy is widely known as blue energy, in which it is green and sustainable to produce electricity to the local communities

Lipid and protein from black soldier fly larvae fed with self- fermented coconut waste medium

This study explored the potential of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) in producing lipid and protein as well as its ability to treat the organic waste by rearing at different fermentation periods of coconut waste medium (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks). Growth rate of larvae was determined by studying the changes in the larvae biomass weight per rearing duration. The BSFL fed with 4 weeks of feed showed the highest growth rate and weight followed by week 6 and week 8. Week 4 attained the highest value for lipid (42.74 ± 2.06)% and week without fermentation had the lowest value of lipid (32.96 ± 1.99)%. Protein content obtained from the BSFL was increasing with fermentation period. The highest protein content was larvae fed with 8 weeks fermentation (18.63 ± 0.18)%. The lowest protein content was also larvae fed with without fermentation medium (10.81 ± 0.11)%. Waste reduction rate (WRR) was the highest when the larvae were fed with medium without fermentation that was (0.024 ± 0.001) g/d. The lowest WRR was when the larvae were fed with 8 week fermentation medium (0.015 ± 0.001) g/d. The highest Efficiency of Converted of Digested Food (ECD) value was found in sample of 4 week fermentation medium (0.093 ± 0.003). The lowest ECD value was found in the sample without fermentation (0.063 ± 0.002)

Riverine sustainment 2012

Student Integrated ProjectIncludes supplementary materialThis technical report analyzed the Navy's proposed Riverine Force (RF) structure and capabilities for 2012. The Riverine Sustainment 2012 Team (RST) examined the cost and performance of systems of systems which increased RF sustainment in logistically barren environments. RF sustainment was decomposed into its functional areas of supply, repair, and force protection. The functional and physical architectures were developed in parallel and were used to construct an operational architecture for the RF. The RST used mathematical, agent-based and queuing models to analyze various supply, repair and force protection system alternatives. Extraction of modeling data revealed several key insights. Waterborne heavy lift connectors such as the LCU-2000 are vital in the re-supply of the RF when it is operating up river in a non-permissive environment. Airborne heavy lift connectors such as the MV-22 were ineffective and dominated by the waterborne variants in the same environment. Increase in manpower and facilities did appreciable add to the operational availability of the RF. Mean supply response time was the biggest factor effecting operational availability and should be kept below 24 hours to maintain operational availability rates above 80%. Current mortar defenses proposed by the RF are insufficient.N

Potential applications of wastes from energy generation particularly biochar in Malaysia.

In Malaysia, abundant agricultural wastes are generated yearly. Therefore it is beneficial to discover new ways to utilize the wastes and employ the carbon source in different industries. Biochar are produced through many heat treatments such as combustion, gasification and pyrolysis for energy generation. The characteristics of these stable carbons such as the physical properties, chemical composition, surface area and surface chemistry determine the effectiveness of the cabon in different applications. Biochar has the ability to retain carbon and this condition is advantageous to prevent the release of carbon back to the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide. Application of biochar to soil helps to improve soil fertility and raise agricultural productivity. Biochar also has the ability to reduce carbon dioxide in the flue gas system. There have only been a few studies that discuss on the potential applications of this agriculture waste. The biochar's potential application as carbon sequester for soil application, energy production and dye sorption is being explored in this paper

Functionalized KIT-6/Polysulfone Mixed Matrix Membranes for Enhanced CO2/CH4 Gas Separation

[[abstract]]The development of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for effective gas separation has been gaining popularity in recent years. The current study aimed at the fabrication of MMMs incorporated with various loadings (0–4 wt%) of functionalized KIT-6 (NH2KIT-6) [KIT: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology] for enhanced gas permeation and separation performance. NH2KIT-6 was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and N2 adsorption–desorption analysis. The fabricated membranes were subjected to FESEM and FTIR analyses. The effect of NH2KIT-6 loading on the CO2 permeability and ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity of the fabricated membranes were investigated in gas permeation and separation studies. The successfulness of (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) functionalization on KIT-6 was confirmed by FTIR analysis. As observed from FESEM images, MMMs with no voids in the matrix were successfully fabricated at a low NH2KIT-6 loading of 0 to 2 wt%. The CO2 permeability and ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity increased when NH2KIT-6 loading was increased from 0 to 2 wt%. However, a further increase in NH2KIT-6 loading beyond 2 wt% led to a drop in ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity. In the current study, a significant increase of about 47% in ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity was achieved by incorporating optimum 2 wt% NH2KIT-6 into the MMMs.[[notice]]補正完

Functionalized KIT-6/Polysulfone Mixed Matrix Membranes for Enhanced CO2/CH4 Gas Separation

The development of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for effective gas separation has been gaining popularity in recent years. The current study aimed at the fabrication of MMMs incorporated with various loadings (0–4 wt%) of functionalized KIT-6 (NH2KIT-6) [KIT: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology] for enhanced gas permeation and separation performance. NH2KIT-6 was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and N2 adsorption–desorption analysis. The fabricated membranes were subjected to FESEM and FTIR analyses. The effect of NH2KIT-6 loading on the CO2 permeability and ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity of the fabricated membranes were investigated in gas permeation and separation studies. The successfulness of (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) functionalization on KIT-6 was confirmed by FTIR analysis. As observed from FESEM images, MMMs with no voids in the matrix were successfully fabricated at a low NH2KIT-6 loading of 0 to 2 wt%. The CO2 permeability and ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity increased when NH2KIT-6 loading was increased from 0 to 2 wt%. However, a further increase in NH2KIT-6 loading beyond 2 wt% led to a drop in ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity. In the current study, a significant increase of about 47% in ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity was achieved by incorporating optimum 2 wt% NH2KIT-6 into the MMMs

Development of an Android application

The Google Android Phone (HTC Dream) is a popular mobile device for consumers both young and old. As a result, mobile applications such as video streaming, peer-to-peer chats e.g. MSN or Google Talk, VoIP, online gaming etc for the Android phone are becoming extremely popular. There are also applications such as using the mobile phone to control miniature helicopters. In this project, the student will learn and develop interesting mobile applications for an Android-based mobile phone.Bachelor of Engineering (Computer Science

Mesoporous Materials Synthesized by Novel Reflux Synthesis Method

[[abstract]]MCM-48 is an important mesoporous silica material for current large-scale applications in key fields of the chemical industry including CO2 separation. Despite conventional hydrothermal synthesis used to produce mesoporous silica materials, but there is still research efforts needed to seek for the alternative for the production of mesoporous silica materials. In the current project, reflux synthesis method was studied and compared with conventional hydrothermal synthesis for the synthesis of MCM-48 samples. The synthesis temperature was varied (60-100 o C) at constant 2 days for both methods. The synthesized samples were characterized for its property using different analytical techniques including scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared microscope (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). In current project, spherical particles of MCM-48 were successfully synthesized by reflux synthesis method at 100 o C for 2 days as well as conventional hydrothermal synthesis at 100 o C for 2 days, as observed from SEM and XRD analysis. From the BET analysis, the MCM-48 samples produced by reflux synthesis and conventional hydrothermal synthesis at 100 o C for 2 days displayed comparable pore characteristic with the commercial MCM-48 and MCM-48 reported by other researchers.[[notice]]補正完