9 research outputs found
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Perceptions of Nicotine Addiction: Scale Development
Existing literature examining perceptions of nicotine addiction are largely surface level questions or fail to align with diagnostic criteria of tobacco use disorder. The disentanglement of the physical, psychological, and social components of nicotine addiction are needed to better understand what addiction means to people. Understanding how the lay person views and thinks about nicotine addiction may provide insight into non-smokers initiation intentions, smokers consumption habits, and quit intentions. This study developed and validated a novel scale assessing perceptions of nicotine addiction that comprehensively aligns with the clinical dimensions of nicotine addiction. To establish the scale’s construct validity, this study utilized cognitive interviews for item development, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and psychometric evaluation for scale development, and assessed convergent, discriminant, and criterion validity for scale evaluation. The proposed scale returned adequate diagnostics using psychometric evaluation and its construct validity was established using three assessments of validity. The findings from this study suggest that perceptions of nicotine addiction may not align with clinical dimensions of addiction, and that public health education efforts should focus on the experiences of addiction rather than emphasizing the consequences of addiction
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The Role of Risk Perceptions and Affective Consequences in COVID-19 Protective Behaviors.
BackgroundSlowing the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) requires behavioral changes such as physical distancing (e.g., staying a 6-foot distance from others, avoiding mass gatherings, reducing houseguests), wearing masks, reducing trips to nonessential business establishments, and increasing hand washing. Like other health behaviors, COVID-19 related behaviors may be related to risk representations. Risk representations are the cognitive responses a person holds about illness risk such as, identity (i.e., label/characteristics of risk), cause (i.e., factors causing condition), timeline (i.e., onset/duration of risk), consequences (i.e., intrapersonal/interpersonal outcomes), behavioral efficacy (i.e., if and how the condition can be controlled/treated), and illness risk coherence (i.e., extent to which representations, behaviors, and beliefs are congruent). The current study applies the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation (CSM-SR) to evaluate how risk representations may relate to COVID-19 protective and risk behaviors.MethodsParticipants include 400 workers from Amazon's Mechanical Turk aged ≥ 18 years and US residents. Participants completed an online survey measuring risk representations (B-IPQ) and COVID-19 related behaviors, specifically, physical distancing, hand washing, and shopping frequency.ResultsRisk coherence, consequences, timeline, emotional representation, and behavioral efficacy were related to risk and protective behaviors.ConclusionsRisk representations vary in their relationship to COVID-19 risk and protective behaviors. Implications include the importance of coherent, targeted, consistent health communication, and effective health policy in mitigating the spread of COVID-19
Recommended from our members
The Role of Risk Perceptions and Affective Consequences in COVID-19 Protective Behaviors.
BackgroundSlowing the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) requires behavioral changes such as physical distancing (e.g., staying a 6-foot distance from others, avoiding mass gatherings, reducing houseguests), wearing masks, reducing trips to nonessential business establishments, and increasing hand washing. Like other health behaviors, COVID-19 related behaviors may be related to risk representations. Risk representations are the cognitive responses a person holds about illness risk such as, identity (i.e., label/characteristics of risk), cause (i.e., factors causing condition), timeline (i.e., onset/duration of risk), consequences (i.e., intrapersonal/interpersonal outcomes), behavioral efficacy (i.e., if and how the condition can be controlled/treated), and illness risk coherence (i.e., extent to which representations, behaviors, and beliefs are congruent). The current study applies the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation (CSM-SR) to evaluate how risk representations may relate to COVID-19 protective and risk behaviors.MethodsParticipants include 400 workers from Amazon's Mechanical Turk aged ≥ 18 years and US residents. Participants completed an online survey measuring risk representations (B-IPQ) and COVID-19 related behaviors, specifically, physical distancing, hand washing, and shopping frequency.ResultsRisk coherence, consequences, timeline, emotional representation, and behavioral efficacy were related to risk and protective behaviors.ConclusionsRisk representations vary in their relationship to COVID-19 risk and protective behaviors. Implications include the importance of coherent, targeted, consistent health communication, and effective health policy in mitigating the spread of COVID-19
“Kris Knife” Brachioplasty After Bariatric Surgery and Massive Weight Loss
"Kris knife" brachioplasty after bariatric surgery and massive weight los