A INDIGNIDADE DOS REFUGIADOS NO BRASIL: O TRABALHO ESCRAVO, O SUBEMPREGO E A INFORMALIDADE

Este artigo analisa as formas de trabalho indigno a que são submetidos muitos refugiados no Brasil. Amparado nas discussões sobre o direito ao trabalho de refugiados, à luz do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana, realiza-se pesquisa teórica, utilizando-se do método dedutivo, e traça-se um paralelo entre essas formas de exploração e a dignidade dos trabalhadores refugiados. O Código Penal brasileiro e a portaria MTB 1.293/2017, assim como os relatos de refugiados, são subsídios para as análises das ocorrências do trabalho análogo à escravidão no Brasil. As análises recaem sobre os elementos configuradores do subemprego de refugiados e sobre a informalidade como forma de trabalho que priva esses trabalhadores de trabalhistas e previdenciários. Os resultados mostram que o principal problema atualmente é o trabalho estranho à capacidade ou à profissão, pois esse grupo é diretamente atingido pelas dificuldades inerentes à revalidação de títulos aplicada hoje no Brasil. Conclui-se, nesse percurso, que as formas de exploração violam a dignidade dos refugiados e retardam a ascensão social e a integração desse grupo na sociedade. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: dignidade. Informalidade. Refugiados. Subemprego. trabalho escravo

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Dicionário de ATS

2. ed