Oil-Polluted Water Treatment Using Nano Size Bagasse Optimized- Isotherm Study

The preliminary studies were conducted in order to evaluate the ability and behavior of sugarcane bagasse (generated as waste material from sugar mill) to remove oil by-products from aqueous. In this work adsorption experiments were carried out in a batch reactor to obtain adsorption isotherms of oil by-product on sugarcane bagasse. The capacity of sugarcane bagasse to adsorb oil by-product from aqueous solutions was evaluated at different pH, adsorbent dose and initial concentration. Equilibrium isotherms were analyzed by Langmuir isotherm equations. Compare the result and Langmuir isotherm shown that adsorption of oil by-product on a sugarcane bagasse is favorable. The concentration which was reviewed in this study was much closed to concentration in the industrial water disposal effluents and Langmuir isotherm did describe well the adsorption behavior obtained for these systems

Modified Projective Synchronization of Chaotic Systems with Noise Disturbance, an Active Nonlinear Control Method

The synchronization problem of chaotic systems using active modified projective nonlinear control method is rarely addressed. Thus the concentration of this study is to derive a modified projective controller to synchronize the two chaotic systems. Since, the parameter of the master and follower systems are considered known, so active methods are employed instead of adaptive methods. The validity of the proposed controller is studied by means of the Lyapunov stability theorem. Furthermore, some numerical simulations are shown to verify the validity of the theoretical discussions. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in both speed and accuracy points of views

Adaptive Projective Lag Synchronization of T and Lu Chaotic Systems

In this paper, the synchronization problem of T chaotic system and Lu chaotic system is studied. The parameter of the drive T chaotic system is considered unknown. An adaptive projective lag control method and also parameter estimation law are designed to achieve chaos synchronization problem between two chaotic systems. Then Lyapunov stability theorem is utilized to prove the validity of the proposed control method. After that, some numerical simulations are performed to assess the performance of the proposed method. The results show high accuracy of the proposed method in control and synchronization of chaotic systems

Brain-Included 18F FDG PET/CT Acquisition Protocol: Cancer-Specified Clinical Impact of Newly-Diagnosed Brain Metastasis in Extra-Cerebral Cancer Patients

Background: Evolution of individualized radiosurgical therapeutic methods for brain metastasis as an ominous prognostic finding may encourage a more extensive application of neuroimaging in patients with extracerebral cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the added value of brain-included 18 F FDG PET/CT acquisition protocol based on primary cancer type and clinical indication.Materials and Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 3945 18 F FDG PET/CT reports of patients with extra-cerebral cancer underwent brain-included PET/CT study. Cerebral lesions suggestive of brain metastasis were subsequently verified by MRI, MRI+MRS, surgical pathology and a 1-year clinical formal follow up. The detection rate of new brain metastasis and related impact on disease status were then investigated in each cancer type based on clinical indication.Results: Of a total 3933 eligible patients, 44 (1.12%) were finally verified to have new cerebral metastasis. The most common primary sources were lung cancer (19/385, 4.93%), cancer of unknown primary (CUP) (5/168, 2.97%) and breast cancer (8/468, 1.71%). The most common clinical indications were initial staging (17/44, 43.1%) and restaging (19/44, 36.4%). Change in disease status occurred in 12 out of 44 patients (27.3%), more frequently occurred in lung cancer (n=4), in all indications and breast (n=3) cancers at restaging (n=7, 43.8%).Conclusion: PET/CT acquisition protocol study may be best optimized based on the type of primary cancer and timing of evaluation. Brain-included field of view may be recommended for lung cancer regardless the clinical indication, cancer of unknown primary and breast cancer at restaging

Coral reefs and community around Larak island (Persian Gulf)

Field surveys pertaining to coral reef studies were performed from November 2010 to August 2011 around Larak Island in the Persian Gulf. The Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method was applied to record biotic and abiotic components of the coral reefs at two sites around Larak Island: North East (NE) and South West (SW) with two stations per site. Mean "Live Coral Coverage" (LCC) and “Dead Coral Coverage” (DCC) at SW 21.74% ± 1.92%, 4.58% ± 0.65%and NE sites were 5.69% ± 0.54%, 35.64% ± 3.28% respectively. Dead Coral Coverage was more prevalent in the NE than in SW. Based on Mann-Whitney U-test LCC and DCC showed significant difference (p< 0.05) among these two sites, (p< 0.05); The Kruskal-Wallis test also showed significant difference (p< 0.05) among four stations within two sites. This study indicated that coral communities of the NE site have been more destroyed by human impacts such as municipal run-off, breakwater construction, trap fishing, over-fishing and several other human activities

Developing a Conceptual Model of Cultural Policy-making in District 8 Payame Noor Universities based on Piety

The present study aimed to provide a conceptual model of cultural policy-making in Payame Noor universities in District 8 based on piety and virtue. In this study, the components of cultural policy based on piety were first identified through exploratory studies and surveys of knowledge-aware experts using the Delphi technique, and then these factors were tested in the form of a model designed in the statistical population. The statistical population of the study was 30 experts to test the model and to measure the research variables according to the managers of District 8 Payame Noor University; the head of cultural affairs of the university and clerics and professors of Islamic education department of Payame Noor Universities District 8 were used, which were 110 individuals. Due to the limited statistical population, the census method was used. The present study is a descriptive-correlational research that has been done by survey method. Furthermore, this research is development-applied in terms of purpose. The data collection method in this study is a combination of library and field studies and the tools of data collection are review of documents, interviews and questionnaires, which confirmed the validity and reliability of the questionnaires. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics (types of indicators, statistical tables and graphs) and inferential statistics (structural equation modeling) have been used. The research findings, while confirming the proposed model of research, showed that piety and its components: God-centeredness and monotheism, promoting the need to obey divine sovereignty, expediency in Islamic culture and meritocracy (Imam Ali's biography) have a positive and significant effect on cultural planning. At the end, research suggestions were presented

R&D Management in Iran, Opportunities and Threats

Research and Development (R&D) management in Iran has faced many barriers and obstacles, in which R&D units are considered as the basic core of the product development and innovation. Due to structural shortcomings, a great number of organizations and industries have not yet been able to position themselves in the market. There are about 1141 R&D units throughout Iran, due to the geographical decentralization of these units this paper considers and analyzes the R&D case study in one of the provinces located in the north part of Iran, and the findings can be generalized to the other industrialized areas and zones in Iran. In this province, there are about 2504 industrial units of which there are only 44 R&D units certified by the state government. However, there is limited number of these R&D units that are extensively active. This paper also addresses the current status in respect with the R&D activities to find out why little attention has been paid to these activities in the industrial units. Considering the opportunities and challenges of these R&D units reveals that there is a need to activate these units so that they can quickly respond to changes in the market. Finally, a few alternative solutions and improvement plans are proposed, in which the Iranian R&D Society is responsible for supporting and fostering these action plans towards the organization goals. The research methodology was based on a previous field research conducted in Hamedan province, and after the analysis of the research results, a model for the efficiency of R&D units will be presented