Mathematical Modeling of Adsorption of Co2+ Ions on Sugarcane Bagasse

The main objective of this work is to study the mathematical modeling of the adsorption of Co2+ ions on sugarcane bagasse (SCB) for approximate the nature of the adsorption. The together of results obtained show that the adsorption process is favorable for a chemisorption and monolayer. Also, the adsorption process is expressed by the second order kinetic law. Thus the negative values of ΔG° and the positive values of ΔH° opt for an endothermic and spontaneous process. Also, the positive values of ΔS° indicate the increase in the randomness at the solid / liquid interface during the adsorption of the Co2+ metal ions

Objectivity as a Secularity: Studying the Philosophical Background and Ideological Prospects of Modern Objectivity

تُسلّط الدّراسة الضوء على الموضوعية من خلال زاوية نظر مختلفة، وذلك بالبحث في الخلفية الفلسفية والنموذج المعرفي الكامن وراءها، بما يقتضيه ذلك من دراسة مختلف السياقات والحيثيات التي تمخّضت عنها، والتي منحتها كل هذا الزّخم الدّلالي والنّجاعة الإجرائية التي تتمتع بهما في الخطاب العلمي الراهن. الأمر الذي أكسبها شرعية راسخة في الوسط العلمي، إلى أن صارت مبدءًا معرفيًا، وتقليدًا بحثيا مؤطرًا لمجمل الممارسة العلمية والأعمال البحثية. وتتصدّى هذه الدراسة إلى إشكالٍ أساس مفاده التنقيب عن الأسس النظرية والقواعد المنهجية التي تنبني عليها الموضوعية، وبحث ما إذا كانت، كما تدّعي ذلك، محايدة ولا معيارية؛ وفقًا لما نادت به من ضرورة بناء علم خالٍ من قيم باسم الحياد العلمي والمهنية البحثية. أم أن الأمر لا يتجاوز مجردّ الادعاء. وتفترض الدراسة أن مفهوم الموضوعية، هو في مبتدئه مفهوم "غير موضوعي" حابل بالتحيّزات للنموذج الإرشادي الوضعي، ومخترق بأيديولوجية العالمانية. ولتحقيق هذا الغرض، تلزم الموضوعية الباحثين بالتعاطي مع موضوعاتهم الإنسانية والاجتماعية بوصفها أشياء مسلوبة سالبة (تشييء الظواهر الإنسانية والاجتماعية). كما تقودهم، بالتبع، نحو التخلّص من كل ما هو تحيز، أو إيمان، أو تفضيل، أو اختيار؛ فيُسوّى بذلك الباحث بالمبحوث بمادة الطبيعية. تعالج الدراسة الموضوع من خلال محورين: الأول يدرس حيثيات ودلالات وتوجيهات الموضوعية، من خلال التطرق لأهم المضامين المعرفية والمنهجية في علاقتها بسياق النشأة والتطور التي تشكلت خلالهما الهوية المفهومية للموضوعية؛ والثاني يخصص لدراسة الأبعاد الخفية للموضوعية.This study sheds light on objectivity from different perspectives. It digs deep into its philosophical backgrounds and the intellectual model behind it, including the critical analysis of its various contexts and circumstances. The study covers the reasons behind the discursive power and practical rigor that objectivity enjoys today, promoting its legitimacy in the scientific community to become a research ethic and tradition that generally guides scientific praxis. The study presupposes that objectivity, as an idea, is not objective. Instead, its meaning teems with biases and secularistic ideologies. As a result, it requires the researcher to prevent any faith, preference, or personal choice. In that sense, the researcher and the topic of research become the same. The study is divided into two axes; The first highlights the elements, connotations, and orientations of objectivity. It discusses its primary scientific and methodological contents regarding how its identity as a construct started and evolved. The second part studies the hidden dimensions of objectivity. It shows the three ways objectivity resorts to functioning as an excuse for secularizing scientific practice

ROBERT LUCAS AND THE FOUNDATIONS OFMACROECONOMIC MODELS

It is rarely underlined that Lucas's work contains epistemological considerations on the scope and method of macroeconomics. The purpose of this article is to clarify the nature of these considerations and to identify their impact on modeling today. Lucas is the craftsman of a model   based on the combination of fictions, according to the equilibrium discipline, in order to infer predictions. This approach, which governs the dynamic stochastic general equilibrium methodology (DSGE), is at the basis of the New Synthesis aiming to establish the micro-foundations of imperfect competition macroeconomics and the rules of monetary policy through a rewriting of the aggregate demand function and the Phillips equation

Comparison of Hamstring to Quadriceps Strength Ratios with a Battery of Field Tests to Determine Injury Risk in Females

Knee injuries are one of the most common ball sport related injuries and cause hundreds of millions of dollars for rehabilitation costs annually. Females are 4-9 times more likely to experience a knee injury compared to males and typically suffer more severe knee injuries. Strength imbalance of the hamstrings and quadriceps muscles during complex sport movements and/or as a result of fatigue may contribute to knee injury occurrence. This study attempted to predict the ratio of isokinetic muscular strength of the hamstring and quadriceps muscles from a battery of physical field tests both before and after fatigue. Females (n = 29) were recruited from the University of Windsor and completed a field testing protocol consisting of a 20m forward sprint, 20m backward sprint, 5-10-5 agility test, single leg hop for distance, side hop, vertical jump, and eccentric Nordic hamstring curl, as well as an isokinetic dynamometer protocol to obtain muscle peak torques (PT) and hamstring to quadricep PT ratios (HQR), pre and post a 45 minute simulated sport exercise protocol. PT (F(1,228) = 27.678, p =0.00) and HQR (F(1.871,321.889)= 15.689, p =0.00) decreased following the exercise protocol. Further, the battery of field tests were able to predict HQRcon/con at 60o in the non-dominant limb (F(3,24) = 4,42, R2 = 0.622 p = 0.015), with a combination of the speed tests (ST), jump tests (JT) and NHC in the final model. HQR may predict knee injury risk, and consequently, the field tests employed in the current study could be used by strength and conditioning specialists to assess risk without the need for more expensive equipment. However, HQR should be reassessed as a method for knee injury prediction with respect to more functional models and at specific joint angles. Further, future studies should employ additional field tests that may strengthen the association with risk

An Examination of the Student Work Study Collaborative Inquiry in Ontario Schools

This major paper examines a unique approach to a professional collaborative inquiry in schools, in Ontario, called The Student Work Study Initiative. It was a job embedded approach which sought to uncover how students academically achieving Level 2 could improve to Level 3. This paper will explore the benefits of using a collaborative inquiry process which includes the student as a central partner through systematic co analysis, co description, and co reflection of student work captured through the use of pedagogical documentation. The Student Work Study approach will be examined in its entirety and its benefits and implications will be compared with more traditional ways of educational reform. Methods analyzed will include qualitative data drawn from pedagogical documentation. Anticipated findings of this review include a study of the impact of this approach on student learning and well- being in the classroom, descriptions of learning cultures and partnerships formed amongst and between teachers and student and content, producing students with increased agency and power in classrooms, the use of systematic pedagogical documentation in the process, and engaging students and teachers as researchers in a community of learning. This paper highlights tensions including: lack of time, inconsistent assessment and evaluation practices, implications for introverted learners amidst collaborative learning structures in classrooms, and the challenge of continuing this work beyond the life of the actual funded intervention to include its premise as part of regular classroom and school structures, in order to foster lasting change for school leaders, students, teachers, and system partners

Steganographic Scheme based on Message-Cover matching

Steganography is one of the techniques that enter into the field of information   security, it is the art of dissimulating data into digital files in an imperceptible way that does not arise the suspicion. In this paper, a steganographic method based on the Faber-Schauder discrete wavelet transform is proposed. The embedding of the secret data is performed in Least Significant Bit (LSB) of the integer part of the wavelet coefficients. The secret message is decomposed into pairs of bits, then each pair is transformed into another pair based on a permutation that allows to obtain the most matches possible between the message and the LSB of the coefficients. To assess the performance of the proposed method, experiments were carried out on a large set of images, and a comparison to prior works is accomplished. Results show a good level of imperceptibility and a good trade-off imperceptibility-capacity compared to literature

Closed sets based discovery of small covers for association rules

International audienceIn this paper, we address the problem of the understandability and usefulness of the set of discovered association rules. This problem is important since real-life databases lead most of the time to several thousands of rules with high confidence. We thus propose new algorithms based on the Galois closed sets to limit the extraction to small informative covers for exact and approximate rules, and small structural covers for approximate rules. Once frequent closed itemsets - which constitute a generating set for both frequent itemsets and association rules - have been discovered, no additional database pass is needed to derive these covers. Experiments conducted on real-life databases show that these algorithms are efficient and valuable in practice

Closed sets based discovery of small covers for association rules (extended version)

International audienceIn this paper, we address the problem of the usefulness of the set of discovered association rules. This problem is important since real-life databases yield most of the time several thousands of rules with high confidence. We propose new algorithms based on Galois closed sets to reduce the extraction to small covers (or bases) for exact and approximate rules, adapted from lattice theory and data analysis domain. Once frequent closed itemsets – which constitute a generating set for both frequent itemsets and association rules – have been discovered, no additional database pass is needed to derive these bases. Experiments conducted on real-life databases show that these algorithms are efficient and valuable in practice

Mining bases for association rules using closed sets

International audienceAssociation rules are conditional implications between requent itemsets. The problem of the usefulness and the elevance of the set of discovered association rules is related to the huge number of rules extracted and the presence of many redundancies among these rules for many datasets. We address this important problem using the Galois connection framework and we show that we can generate bases or association rules using the frequent closed itemsets extracted by the Close or the A-Close algorithms