Modélisation et implémentation des patrons de conception

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Architecture de communication générique pour un système de bus du commerce électronique

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal

La transplantation de myoblastes protège le muscle MDX du dommage induit par les contractions excentriques

La dystrophie musculaire de Duchenne est une dystrophie héréditaire secondaire à l’absence de la dystrophine, ce qui induit une faiblesse et une dégénérescence des muscles. Bien que plusieurs études ont démontré que la greffe de myoblastes permet de rétablir l’expression de la dystrophine, aucune étude physiologique n’a été réalisée, jusqu’à présent, pour démontrer qu’elle peut améliorer les propriétés contractiles du muscle. Dans ce travail, j’ai étudié l’effet de la greffe de myoblastes normaux sur les propriétés contractiles du muscle de la souris mdx, un modèle animal de la maladie de Duchenne. Mes travaux ont permis de démontrer que cette greffe protège le muscle mdx durant les contractions excentriques et que cet effet n’est pas expliqué seulement par l’expression de la dystrophine. En effet, l’étude des propriétés contractiles des muscles mdx transplantés avec des myoblastes mdx, montre que les muscles greffés sont aussi moins vulnérables aux contractions excentriques que les muscles mdx non greffés.Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a hereditary dystrophy that results from a mutation of the dystrophin gene, which induces the weakness of muscles. Although several studies have already shown that the transplantation of normal myoblasts permit to restore the expression of dystrophin, no physiological study was made to verify whether myoblast transplantation is able to improve the muscle contractile properties. In this study, I have studied the effects of normal myoblast transplantation on the contractile properties of muscles of mdx mice, a model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. My studies have shown that the transplantation of normal myoblasts protects mdx muscle from damage induced by eccentric contractions, and that this effect can not be explained only by the expression of dystrophin. Indeed, the comparison of mdx muscles transplanted with mdx myoblasts with non-transplanted muscles indicated that the transplanted muscles are more resistant to eccentric contractions than the non-transplanted ones

Étude d'un problème de tournées de véhicules sur les arcs avec contraintes de capacité et coûts de service dépendants du temps

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

A trace formula and high energy spectral asymptotics for the perturbed Landau Hamiltonian

A two-dimensional Schr\"odinger operator with a constant magnetic field perturbed by a smooth compactly supported potential is considered. The spectrum of this operator consists of eigenvalues which accumulate to the Landau levels. We call the set of eigenvalues near the $n$'th Landau level an $n$'th eigenvalue cluster, and study the distribution of eigenvalues in the $n$'th cluster as $n\to\infty$. A complete asymptotic expansion for the eigenvalue moments in the $n$'th cluster is obtained and some coefficients of this expansion are computed. A trace formula involving the first eigenvalue moments is obtained.Comment: 23 page

Improvements in space radiation-tolerant FPGA implementation of land surface temperature-split window algorithm

The trend in satellite remote sensing assignments has continuously been concerning using hardware devices with more flexibility, smaller size, and higher computational power. Therefore, field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) technology is often used by the developers of the scientific community and equipment for carrying out different satellite remote sensing algorithms. This article explains hardware implementation of land surface temperature split window (LST-SW) algorithm based on the FPGA. To get a high-speed process and real-time application, VHSIC hardware description language (VHDL) was employed to design the LST-SW algorithm. The paper presents the benefits of the used Virtex-4QV of radiation tolerant series FPGA. The experimental results revealed that the suggested implementation of the algorithm using Virtex4QV achieved higher throughput of 435.392 Mbps, and faster processing time with value of 2.95 ms. Furthermore, a comparison between the proposed implementation and existing work demonstrated that the proposed implementation has better performance in terms of area utilization; 1.17% reduction in number of Slice used and 1.06% reduction in of LUTs. Moreover, the significant advantage of area utilization would be the none use of block RAMs comparing to existing work using three blocks RAMs. Finally, comparison results show improvements using the proposed implementation with rates of 2.28% higher frequency, 3.66 x higher throughput, and 1.19% faster processing time

Waste collection routing-limited multiple landfills and heterogeneous fleet

This article deals with a real-life waste collection routing problem. To efficiently plan waste collection, large municipalities may be partitioned into convenient sectors and only then can routing problems be solved in each sector. Three diverse situations are described, resulting in three different new models. In the first situation, there is a single point of waste disposal from where the vehicles depart and to where they return. The vehicle fleet comprises three types of collection vehicles. In the second, the garage does not match any of the points of disposal. The vehicle is unique and the points of disposal (landfills or transfer stations) may have limitations in terms of the number of visits per day. In the third situation, disposal points are multiple (they do not coincide with the garage), they are limited in the number of visits, and the fleet is composed of two types of vehicles. Computational results based not only on instances adapted from the literature but also on real cases are presented and analyzed. In particular, the results also show the effectiveness of combining sectorization and routing to solve waste collection problems

Dynamic vehicle routing problems: Three decades and counting

Since the late 70s, much research activity has taken place on the class of dynamic vehicle routing problems (DVRP), with the time period after year 2000 witnessing a real explosion in related papers. Our paper sheds more light into work in this area over more than 3 decades by developing a taxonomy of DVRP papers according to 11 criteria. These are (1) type of problem, (2) logistical context, (3) transportation mode, (4) objective function, (5) fleet size, (6) time constraints, (7) vehicle capacity constraints, (8) the ability to reject customers, (9) the nature of the dynamic element, (10) the nature of the stochasticity (if any), and (11) the solution method. We comment on technological vis-à-vis methodological advances for this class of problems and suggest directions for further research. The latter include alternative objective functions, vehicle speed as decision variable, more explicit linkages of methodology to technological advances and analysis of worst case or average case performance of heuristics.© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc