35 research outputs found
Life satisfaction and time-use among full-time and part-time working mothers in Brazil
BACKGROUND: Working part-time or full-time is a persistent dilemma for women, especially mothers, as they strive to manage their time across various roles. However, the existing literature remains unclear on whether part-time work contributes more to life satisfaction than full-time work. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe and compare time-use patterns in different occupational roles and levels of life satisfaction among 795 mothers in Brazil who are employed either part-time or full-time. METHODS: Data was collected through an online survey and the snowball technique. Regression and correlation analyses were performed on the data obtained from the following instruments: the Role Checklist for assessing time-use within occupational roles, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and demographic information. RESULTS: Our analysis revealed no significant differences in life satisfaction between mothers working full-time and those working part-time (t (793)=1.160, p = 0.24). However, life satisfaction scores were positively correlated with the number of occupational roles performed (r = 0.222, p <  0.01), higher family income (P <  0.001), and engagement in social roles such as Friend (r = 0.106, p = 0.003), Hobbyist/Amateur (r = 0.08, p = 0.018), and Caregiver (r = 0.07, p = 0.026). CONCLUSION: While our society places significant emphasis on time spent at work, our findings highlight that life satisfaction extends far beyond the dichotomy of working part-time or full-time. There are deeper dimensions to consider, including the number of occupational roles, family income, and engagement in social roles, which have a more substantial impact on overall life satisfaction
Head Position in Stroke Trial (HeadPoST)- sitting-up vs lying-flat positioning of patients with acute stroke: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial
Background
Positioning a patient lying-flat in the acute phase of ischaemic stroke may improve recovery and reduce disability, but such a possibility has not been formally tested in a randomised trial. We therefore initiated the Head Position in Stroke Trial (HeadPoST) to determine the effects of lying-flat (0°) compared with sitting-up (≥30°) head positioning in the first 24 hours of hospital admission for patients with acute stroke.
Methods/Design
We plan to conduct an international, cluster randomised, crossover, open, blinded outcome-assessed clinical trial involving 140 study hospitals (clusters) with established acute stroke care programs. Each hospital will be randomly assigned to sequential policies of lying-flat (0°) or sitting-up (≥30°) head position as a ‘business as usual’ stroke care policy during the first 24 hours of admittance. Each hospital is required to recruit 60 consecutive patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS), and all patients with acute intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) (an estimated average of 10), in the first randomised head position policy before crossing over to the second head position policy with a similar recruitment target. After collection of in-hospital clinical and management data and 7-day outcomes, central trained blinded assessors will conduct a telephone disability assessment with the modified Rankin Scale at 90 days. The primary outcome for analysis is a shift (defined as improvement) in death or disability on this scale. For a cluster size of 60 patients with AIS per intervention and with various assumptions including an intracluster correlation coefficient of 0.03, a sample size of 16,800 patients at 140 centres will provide 90 % power (α 0.05) to detect at least a 16 % relative improvement (shift) in an ordinal logistic regression analysis of the primary outcome. The treatment effect will also be assessed in all patients with ICH who are recruited during each treatment study period.
Discussion
HeadPoST is a large international clinical trial in which we will rigorously evaluate the effects of different head positioning in patients with acute stroke.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02162017 (date of registration: 27 April 2014); ANZCTR identifier: ACTRN12614000483651 (date of registration: 9 May 2014). Protocol version and date: version 2.2, 19 June 2014
The professionalization of Brazilian nursing in the written media of the end of the nineteenth century: a gender analysis
Plant ARGONAUTEs: Features, Functions and Unknowns
ARGONAUTEs (AGOs) are the effector proteins in eukaryotic small RNA(sRNA)–
based gene silencing pathways controlling gene expression and transposon activity. In
plants, AGOs regulate key biological processes such as development, response to
stress, genome structure and integrity, and pathogen defense. Canonical functions of
plant AGO–sRNA complexes include the endonucleolytic cleavage or translational
inhibition of target RNAs, and the methylation of target DNAs. Here, I provide a brief
update on the major features, molecular functions and biological roles of plant AGOs.
A special focus is given to the more recent discoveries related to emerging molecular
or biological functions of plant AGOs, as well as to the major unknowns in the plant
AGO field.This work
was supported by an Individual Fellowship from the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under
the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 655841 to A.C.Carbonell Olivares, A. (2017). Plant ARGONAUTEs: Features, Functions and Unknowns. En Plant Argonaute Proteins: Methods and Protocols. Springer Link. 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7165-7_1121Meister G (2013) Argonaute proteins: functional insights and emerging roles. Nat Rev Genet 14(7):447–459. doi: 10.1038/nrg3462Huntzinger E, Izaurralde E (2011) Gene silencing by microRNAs: contributions of translational repression and mRNA decay. Nat Rev Genet 12(2):99–110. doi: 10.1038/nrg2936Cerutti H, Casas-Mollano JA (2006) On the origin and functions of RNA-mediated silencing: from protists to man. Curr Genet 50(2):81–99. doi: 10.1007/s00294-006-0078-xFang X, Qi Y (2016) RNAi in plants: an argonaute-centered view. 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Processos de saúde e doença entre crianças institucionalizadas: uma visão ecológica Health and disease processes among institutionalized children: an ecological vision
Este artigo discute aspectos do processo de saúde e doença entre crianças assistidas em um abrigo infantil de Belém, entre 2004 a 2005. Os dados foram coletados em fontes documentais e por meio de entrevista com técnicos da instituição. De um total de 287 crianças, constatou-se que 49,47% apresentavam doenças, deficiências e lesões corporais quando do seu encaminhamento ao abrigo, que podem ser associadas à situação de pobreza e negligência familiar experimentadas desde o nascimento. Em relação ao perÃodo de permanência na instituição, verificou-se que as crianças contraÃram doenças infecto-contagiosas (42,5%) e manifestaram problemas de ordem emocional (18,83%), que podem estar relacionados à s caracterÃsticas ambientais da instituição proporção adulto/criança inadequada (1:8), superlotação do espaço (75/mês). Os resultados permitem concluir que a condição de saúde das crianças traduz as situações de privação material e emocional a que foram submetidas no convÃvio com a famÃlia e ao longo de sua permanência no abrigo. Nesses termos, os processos de saúde e doença são discutidos a partir de uma perspectiva ecológica, que reconhece fatores biológicos, sociais e culturais que constituem a famÃlia e o abrigo como contextos de desenvolvimento da criança institucionalizada.<br>This article discusses aspects of health and disease processes among children attended in a child shelter of the city of Belém between 2004 and 2005. The data were collected from documental sources and through interviews with technicians of the institution. From a total of 287 children, 49.47% presented diseases, deficiencies and injuries when being admitted to the shelter, probably associated to the situation of poverty and negligence they were exposed to since they were born. During their permanence in the shelter, it was verified that the children contracted infecto-contagious diseases (42.5%) and manifested problems of emotional nature (18.83%) that can be related to the environmental characteristic of the institution - inadequate proportion adult/children (1:8) and overcrowding (75/month). The results allow concluding that the children's health conditions reflect the situation of material and emotional privation to which they were exposed when living with the family and during their permanence in the shelter. In this sense, the health and disease processes are discussed from an ecological perspective that recognizes the biological, social and cultural factors that constitute the family and the shelter as developmental contexts of the institutionalized child