Electroless deposition and Electroplating of Metals

The present paper summarizes the main results of the research on the electroless and electrochemical metal deposition from aqueous solutions, which has been carried out in the Research Institute of Physical-Chemical problems of the Belarussian State University and at the Department of Inorganic Chemistry of the BSU for the last three decades. The paper covers the following problems: the main peculiarities of electroless and electrochemical deposition of copper, nickel, Ni-B,Ni-P, gold films 0.1-30 mkm and more in thickness, their phase composition, morphology and properties; the characteristic features of of hydrometallurgic allowing (e.g. electroless and electrochemical deposition of a number of binary alloy coatings such as Cu-Ni, Cu-Cd, Cu-Sn, Cu-Zn, Ni-Sn, Ni-W, Ni-Mo), methods of their chemical and phase composition and microstructure regulation, together with correlation between these parameters and alloy properties; the methods for composite metal and alloy film plating from solutions with production of materials including metal oxides and thus possessing unusual and useful properties; the peculiarities of metal film plating onto dielectrics with production of continuous films and metal conductive patterns without the use of photoresists

АНАЛІЗ НЕСПРИЯТЛИВИХ ПОДІЙ ПІСЛЯ ІМУНІЗАЦІЇ ВАКЦИНАМИ ПРОТИ SARS CoV-2

Although the WHO-recommended coronavirus vaccines are safe and effective, vaccines provide new information to healthcare professionals about the extent and nature of adverse reactions to these drugs. The aim of the study is supplementing the available data on adverse reactions of vaccines on the example of the experience of vaccination of the teaching staff of the Cherkasy Medical Academy with vaccines COVISHIELD and COMIRNATY. Information for this study was collected retrospectively through a survey of 72 employees of the Cherkasy Medical Academy who were vaccinated with the COVISHIELD vaccine (first dose); 67 workers vaccinated with AstraZeneca (second dose); 54 workers who were vaccinated with COMIRNATY vaccine (first dose); 52 people vaccinated with this vaccine (second dose). The study confirmed that among the local side effects, the most common were pain at the injection site, among the systemic - fever, weakness, fatigue and drowsiness, headache, muscle pain, chills. Most of the side effects were most pronounced in young people, more often in women than in men.Although the WHO-recommended coronavirus vaccines are safe and effective, vaccines provide new information to healthcare professionals about the extent and nature of adverse reactions to these drugs. The aim of the study is supplementing the available data on adverse reactions of vaccines on the example of the experience of vaccination of the teaching staff of the Cherkasy Medical Academy with vaccines COVISHIELD and COMIRNATY. Information for this study was collected retrospectively through a survey of 72 employees of the Cherkasy Medical Academy who were vaccinated with the COVISHIELD vaccine (first dose); 67 workers vaccinated with AstraZeneca (second dose); 54 workers who were vaccinated with COMIRNATY vaccine (first dose); 52 people vaccinated with this vaccine (second dose). The study confirmed that among the local side effects, the most common were pain at the injection site, among the systemic - fever, weakness, fatigue and drowsiness, headache, muscle pain, chills. Most of the side effects were most pronounced in young people, more often in women than in men

Анализ инновационных технологий гидрогелей из уронатных полисахаридов и биодеградирующих пленок на их основе

The article is devoted to the analysis of the state and dynamics of scientific developments in the field of creating products for life and health, based on hydrogels from uronate polysaccharides (HUP). The article is reflected the results of the global scientific research monitoring and their changes in the field of technologies for the creation and use of HUP. The results of a retrospective analysis of existing technologies based on poorly studied in the field of food technologies uronic acids, as glucuronic, idouronic, hyaluronic were presented. The study showed, that nowadays the industry of products with their content is acquiring market traits, although it has insufficient scientific substantiation. Development segments with widely used uronate polysaccharides – pectins and alginates – according to the types of hydrogels (swollen hydrogel, cross-linked hydrogel, xerogel) were developed. The article presents examples and identified the required properties of substances intended for immobilization or encapsulation in the hydrogel matrix of uronate polysaccharides. The basic principles of uronate polysaccharides crosslinking chains in the hydrogel phase are determined. Possible methods of biologically active substances (BAS) retention in the matrix of uronate polysaccharides to reduce the risk of premature oxidation, destruction, decomposition, decomposition, evaporation were described. The search for information allowed us to identify key technological areas for the development of scientific research on the creation and use of HUP to improve people's lives and health. The archives of the world's leading publications in the field of food chemistry, biotechnology, food engineering, chemistry of new materials, food polymers and hydrocolloids were analyzed. The authors used in their work the resources of the Science Direct search system, which made it possible to determine the most promising and modern lines of development of HUP technologies and products based on them. The analysis of technologies has shown that existing innovative technologies are formed on “basic” technologies for producing solutions of high-molecular compounds under various conditions. Active modernization is carried out in the direction of creating products with immobilized biologically active substances, as well as in attempts to compose a composition with other polysaccharides and/or peptide components. The article notes that existing technologies allow developing other technologies with the help of which it is possible to expand the field of HUP application.Статья посвящена анализу состояния и динамике научных разработок в области создания продуктов для жизни и здоровья на основе гидрогелей из уронатных полисахаридов (ГУП). В статье отражены результаты мониторинга мировых научных исследований и их изменений в области технологий создания и применения ГУП. Авторы представили результаты ретроспективного анализа существующих технологий на основе малоизученых в области пищевых технологий уроновых кислот: глюкуроновая, идоуроновая, гиалуроновая. Исследование показало, что на сегодня индустрия продуктов с их содержанием приобретает вполне рыночные черты, хотя и имеет недостаточно полное научное обоснование. Сформированы сегменты разработок с широко используемыми уронатными полисахаридами - пектинами и альгинатами – по видам гидрогелей (гидрогель набухший, гидрогель сшитый, ксерогель). В статье представлены примеры и выявлены требуемые свойства веществ, предназначенных для иммобилизации или инкапсуляции в матрицу гидрогеля из уронатных полисахаридов. Определены основные принципы сшивания цепочек уронатных полисахаридов в фазе гидрогеля. Описаны возможные способы удержания биологически активных веществ (БАВ) в матрице уронатных полисахаридов для снижения риска преждевременного окисления, деструкции, разложения, распада, испарения. Поиск информации позволил определить ключевые технологические области развития научных исследований по созданию и применению ГУП для улучшения жизни и здоровья людей. Проанализированы архивы ведущих мировых изданий в области пищевой химии, биотехнологии, пищевой инженерии, химии новых материалов, пищевых полимеров и гидроколлоидов. Авторы использовали в работе ресурсы поисковой системы Science Direct, что позволило определить наиболее перспективные и современные направления развития технологий ГУП и продуктов на их основе. Анализ технологий показал, что существующие инновационные технологии сформированы на “базисных” технологиях получения растворов высокомолекулярных соединений при различных условиях. Активная модернизация проводится в направлении создания продуктов с иммобилизированными БАВ, а также в попытках составить композицию с другими полисахаридами и/или пептидными составляющими. В работе отмечается, что существующие технологии позволяют развивать другие технологии, с помощью которых возможно расширить сферы применения ГУП

Comparative Characteristics of Quality of Life of the Population in Modern Russia: Problems and Solutions

Analyzing the main socio-economic indicators of the standard of living of the population, the authors come to the conclusion about their minor changes for the period 2000–2017. To address the problems of the low-income strata of the Russian population, concrete measures are proposed, including reassessing the consumer basket, imposing restrictions on income levels, etc

Rational use of forest as a renewable natural resource

This article is devoted to the formation of a mechanism for the rational use of forests as a renewable natural resource, including transfer of forest areas in rent taking into account market indicators, advantages and disadvantages in the process of timber sales. The total income received in the form of fees for the use of forest fund and for the use of forests in 2016 in the Russian Federation is amounted to 24.4 billion rubles, which is 0.9 billion rubles (by 3.8%) more compared with the previous year. According to the state report of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology, in the reporting 2016 year this payment was received in the amount of 27.8 billion rubles, which is 3.4 billion rubles (almost 14%) more than in 2015. Thus, due to the fact that Russia's natural forest resources constitute powerful strategic competitive advantage in the world economic system, the article, on the basis of the system approach, reveals correlation between the level of rent payments and profitability from the sale of round wood, taking into account harvested and considered assortments, which allows forming forest payments on the basis of domestic and export market prices and as a result increasing financial contribution from the use of forests to the national budget.peer-reviewe

Iconics in the training of engineers as an innovative component

The paper proposes the inclusion in the educational process of training engineers discipline «iconics» as a visual modeling courseВ статье предлагается включение в образовательные процессы подготовки инженеров дисциплины «Иконика» в качестве визуально-моделирующего курс

Ecologically based sediment quality criteria of the oil content for freshwater ecosystems on example of Kuibishev water reservoir

This article presents the criteria of sediment quality assessment for oil content according the integrated approach which based on chemical, ecological and toxicological data derived from a TRIAD monitoring network. The ecological criteria (the lowest effect level and the severe effect level) were calculated for oil content in sediments of Kuibyshev water reservoir on the base of benthos taxa occurrence. For the toxicological data, the threshold effect level and probable effect level were calculated, based on the results of the toxicological acute pore water and solid phase tests. The sediment quality guideline (49 mg/kg) is as a consensus value of the lowest effect level and threshold effect level. Presented criteria can be used for ecological risk assessment for benthic community in condition of cruel oil contamination

Clinical case of chemoresistant tuberculosis in the patient with tuberous sclerosis: difficulties of diagnosis, features of the course and treatment.

In the practical activities of a modern doctor, significant difficulties are noted in the diagnostics and proper management of patients with hereditary diseases due to the limited coverage of the population by genetic researches. For a long time, the patients with a variety of complaints are observed by doctors of various specialties, and the therapy often has little effect due to a lack of understanding of the true causes of pathological changes. The situation is complicated by case of a combined course of a hereditarily caused disease and some other disease of an infectious, non-infectious or tumor nature. The aim of the research was to study the characteristics of clinical manifestations, course of tuberculosis with resistance to anti-TB drugs in a patient with a rare hereditary disease from the group of phacomotoses - Bourneville-Pringle disease or tuberous sclerosis. This disease has a wide range of clinical manifestations, accompanied with the development of benign neoplasms in various organs and systems, damages to the skin, brain, organs of vision, lungs, kidneys, heart, as well as the musculoskeletal and endocrine system. It leads to development of various infectious and non-infectious pathologies in these organs. The article covers a 4-year period of observation of a young patient with late diagnosed tuberous sclerosis, suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculosis of urinary system, includes the initial diagnosis of a specific disease, the course, the dynamics against received treatment and the development of relapse with the formation of resistance to anti-TB drugs. The difficulties in the management of tuberculosis in this patient were in the detection of numerous neoplasms and changes in the internal organs, in particular in the kidneys and lungs, which characterized tuberous sclerosis, on the one hand this contributed to untimely diagnosis of tuberculosis, and on the other hand – worsening the course and the progression of a specific process, as well as an unfavourable prognosis for recovery

On general representation of the meromorphic solutions of higher analogues of the second painleve equation

„On general representation of the meromorphic solutions of higher analogues of the second painleve equation" Mathematical Modelling Analysis, 2(1), p.61-65 First Published Online: 14 Oct 201

Продовольственная безопасность, продовольственные потери и фудшеринг: концептуальный анализ

Authors emphasize that food in the modern world is becoming less accessible due to the present global economic, geopolitical and climatic situation. At the same time a large share of food produced in the world goes to waste. It means that there is a need to implement tools that could provide people with access to food and reduce amount of food waste. Food sharing, a novel tool of collaborative food consumption, can be used to solve this problem. The paper introduces the concept of distributive food sharing and describes its different types. A description of the present state of distributive food sharing in Russia. We state that the environment for development of distributive food sharing in Russia is not favorable. The main conclusion of the article is the need to create conditions for the development of the concept of food sharing to provide those in need with food and minimize waste.Авторы подчеркивают, что в современном мире продукты питания становятся все менее доступными в связи со сложившейся глобальной экономической, геополитической и климатической ситуацией. В то же время значительная часть производимого в мире продовольствия используется нерационально и попадает в отходы. Это означает, что существует необходимость внедрения инструментов, которые могли бы обеспечить людям доступ к продуктам питания и сократить количество пищевых отходов. Для решения этой проблемы может быть использована раздача продовольствия как новый инструмент коллаборативного потребления еды. В статье представлено понятие распределительного способа раздачи продуктов питания и описаны его различные виды. Описано современное состояние распределительного способа раздачи продуктов питания в России. Мы констатируем, что условия для развития распределительного способа раздачи продовольствия в России неблагоприятны. Основной вывод статьи —  необходимо создать условий для развития концепции раздачи продовольствия для обеспечения нуждающихся слоев населения продуктами питания и для минимизации количества выбрасываемого продовольствия