THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE STOCK PRICES OF MANUFACTURING COMPANIES ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE

The coronavirus, or COVID-19, is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, first discovered in China in late 2019 and as of June 2021. Since then, the virus has spread worldwide. Indonesia has reported more than 31,000 cases of COVID-19 (Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan COVID-19, 2020), making it the second-highest country in ASEAN, according to CNN Indonesia (2022). The global tally has surpassed 6.7 million cases, with over 395,000 fatalities. This pandemic has not only affected the health sector but has also impacted various other economic sectors, including the stock market. Developing countries like Indonesia have felt the repercussions, evident in the movements of the Composite Stock Price Index (IHSG). Studying the IHSG's trends before and during the COVID-19 pandemic is crucial as a guide for governments and companies in managing foreign fund flows, maintaining index stability, and preserving economic value (Nurmasari, 2020). In this context, the Indonesia Stock Exchange (PT. Bursa Efek Indonesia) and the Financial Services Authority (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan or OJK) have introduced new policies to prevent a decline in the capital market caused by Covid-19. The decision by the Indonesia Stock Exchange states that these measures are taken to reduce the spread of the virus

A STUDY OF COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGIES AND TACTICS IN MEDICAL COLLEGIAL DISCOURSE

The research deals with the study of communicative strategies and tactics in medical collegial discourse. The speech strategies of communicators have been studied based on audio recordings of dialogues between students/doctors and patients, and typical macro intentions of student-doctors ("support", "prohibition", "ignoring") were identified, according to this was suggested the classification of communication strategies and tactics: cognitive reframing, persuasive Communication strategy, motivational interviewing techniques, feedback tactics, information strategy. The analysis showed that the appropriateness of the selected approach depends on the context of the situation and affects the achievement of mutual understanding with the patient. The problem of studying communicative strategies and tactics of professional discourse is widely presented in the research of foreign authors such as J. Heritage, D.W. Maynard, S. Fleischman, N. Ainsworth-Vaughn, et al. Communication between a doctor and a patient is at the center of researchers' attention as a phenomenon that acts as a multifaceted construct and is considered in modern linguistics from pragmalinguistic, dialogic, culturological, and sociolinguistic positions. Reforms carried out in the healthcare system over the past years have led to the need to change the paradigm of doctor-patient communicative interaction models: the paternalistic model is replaced by a collegial model, which has led to the analysis of the effectiveness of the doctor-patient communication models, the study of the specifics of the linguistic implementation of their cognitive and speech strategies, comparing the results obtained and determining the reasons for the success or failure of specific speech strategies and tactics

DEVELOPMENT AND PRACTICAL TESTS OF A SOLAR DRYER WITH VARIOUS COATINGS FOR DRYING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS

A solar dryer for drying fruits, vegetables, medicinal plants, and other agricultural products is proposed. This solar dryer (s/d) is simple to construct, and its drying chamber can be covered with polyethylene, polycarbonate, glass, metal sheet, or other material, depending on the dried raw material. As the results of the experiments in the solar dryer showed, the drying speed is high; products obtained in a solar dryer are of high quality - without preservatives and dyes, with a high content of vitamins, with good taste properties. For example, when drying cornel in a solar dryer, vitamin C losses are almost 2 times less than with natural drying.The shelf life of dried products is also increased when the storage conditions are properly observed. The high drying speed is explained by the enhanced convective movement of air in the dryer. The proposed solar dryer can be used on farms, as well as by urban residents, depending on the size of the dryer

WAYS OF INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF FOOD INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to provide food industry professionals, entrepreneurs, and stakeholders with valuable insights and actionable strategies to enhance the competitiveness of their enterprises. By exploring various approaches and methods, we aim to empower individuals and organizations within the food industry to thrive in a highly dynamic and competitive environment. Through this study, readers will gain a deeper understanding of the critical factors influencing competitiveness and learn practical ways to stay ahead, adapt to consumer trends, optimize operations, and foster innovation within their food businesses. Ultimately, our goal is to facilitate the growth and sustainability of food industry enterprises in an ever-evolving market landscape. Results. In the dynamic food industry, competitiveness is pivotal for survival and success. It goes beyond mere participation; it's about thriving amidst intense competition, meeting consumer expectations, and outperforming rivals. Competitiveness is defined as a food enterprise's ability to strategically position itself, surpass competitors, and consistently exceed consumer expectations. Key factors in competitiveness include maintaining stringent quality and safety standards, ensuring operational efficiency and cost management throughout the supply chain, continuous innovation and product development, understanding evolving consumer preferences through market research, and fostering efficient supply chain management through strong supplier relationships, inventory optimization, and logistics. To bolster competitiveness, companies invest in improving product quality and safety through Quality Assurance programs and adherence to regulatory requirements. They also prioritize cost efficiency strategies such as lean manufacturing, supply chain optimization, and sustainability initiatives. Additionally, innovation and product development efforts focus on consumer-centric design, R&D investments, and strategic new product launches. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the comprehensive synthesis and application of multidisciplinary strategies for increasing the competitiveness of food industry enterprises. While previous research has explored individual aspects of competitiveness, such as quality control, cost efficiency, or market analysis, this article uniquely integrates these facets into a holistic framework. By doing so, it offers a novel perspective on how food businesses can thrive in a complex and ever-changing environment. Practical value. The practical value of this study is twofold: it empowers food industry professionals with actionable strategies to enhance competitiveness, helping them stay ahead in a rapidly changing market. Additionally, it provides insights into risk mitigation and resource optimization, enabling businesses to navigate challenges effectively and maximize profitability

GREEN ROOFS AS AN ESSENTIAL ELEMENT OF MODERN URBAN ENVIRONMENT

The need for the realization of green roof spaces has grown significantly in the last few decades, due to increasingly compacted urban spaces, which deprives urbanized territories of green areas. The positive sanitary and hygienic effect, the retention of dust particles and the improvement of the microclimate of roof gardens is a fact. This report presents comparative analyzes with selected european examples in the construction of green roofs. Suitable plant species and their requirements for this type of environment are described. Possibilities for a more tendentious integration of this type of landscaping in Bulgaria are presented

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MANAGEMENT OF A COMORBID PATIENT. LOOKING AT THE PROBLEM FROM THE EYES OF A FAMILY DOCTOR

In the realities of today, family doctors are increasingly faced with comorbid patients. Moreover, with an increase in the life expectancy of people, this problem becomes large and infinitely diverse. Comorbidity can reduce patient adherence to treatment, including due to the use of multicomponent therapy regimens, which, in turn, leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of the treatment. In this regard, there is a need for individual selection of therapeutic regimens with minimal drug interactions. This imposes certain conditions on the family doctor in terms of continuous improvement in the study of the latest protocols and treatment regimens of all therapeutic specialties. This article presents a clinical case of a comorbid patient with pathology of the cardiovascular and digestive systems. The choice of a diagnostic and treatment algorithm was based on modern Ukrainian and foreign recommendations. Emphasis is placed on the stratification of both cardiac and gastroenterological risk factors, and the strategy for choosing proton pump inhibitors depending on the clinical dynamics. On a specific clinical example, an algorithm for choosing the diagnosis and treatment of a comorbid patient under different scenarios of pathology development, taking into account existing approaches and recommendations, is demonstrated. It has been shown that the problem of comorbidity leaves many questions for practitioners and often requires broad knowledge from the attending physician, and sometimes a multidisciplinary approach

UNIFICATION OF EDUCATIONAL AND PEDAGOGICAL FORECASTING IN THE UKRAINIAN SOCIALIST SOVIET REPUBLIC OF THE PERIOD 1930-1940

The article is devoted to the problem of the unification of educational and pedagogical forecasting in the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic of the period 1930-1940. The author emphasizes that the unification of educational and pedagogical forecasting in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic of the period 1930-1940 hid the threat of a social explosion, led to the strengthening of the national course to build a communist society. All this affected the invariant component of the content of educational and pedagogical forecasting in the context of dominant socio-economic (industrialization, collectivization) and political (monopolization, curtailment of Ukrainization) factors. During the studied period, we focus on the spread of state institutions of higher pedagogical education, in particular, industrial-pedagogical institutes, institutes of social education, pedagogical technical schools, which determined new conditions for staffing higher schools. We also emphasize the search for the optimal model of the functioning of the education system and the development of numerous teacher training projects

EMPOWERING ACCOUNTING EDUCATION: A STUDY ON MICROSOFT EXCEL KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

Purpose- The aim of this research is to know the level of Microsoft (MS) excel knowledge and skills in the broad field of accounting education.        Design/methodology/approach- The survey questionnaire is designed as a research instrument and distributed to graduate students enrolled in an accounting course from Oman universities. 142 questionnaires were gathered using Google Forms and analyzed using the partial least-squares structural equations modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. Findings- The findings show that both MS Excel knowledge and skills are most important and developing MS excel skills in accounting education suggest that the Omani accounting education system might do more to give opportunity for students to thrive in their future careers. Research limitations/implications- The findings provide MS knowledge and skills of accounting graduates in Oman's higher educational institutions (HEIs). In particular, this study sheds light on the skills that accounting students want and how relevant these skills for Omani graduates. Practical Implications- Some modifications to accounting education are proposed to enhance accounting students' MS skills. Originality/value- Because there is a lack of specific research on MS excel knowledge and skills in accounting education in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, this study contributes to the body of expertise on MS skills in GCC countries, especially in Oman. &nbsp

SHOPPING TOURISM IS A MANIFESTATION OF THE COMMERCIAL DYNAMICS IN THE ALGERIAN CITY – A CASE STUDY: SOUK AHRAS CITY

The aim of this research is to study the reality of shopping tourism and its impact on the growth, organization, and dynamics in an Algerian city: Souk Ahras city as a case study. It highlights the various forms and aspects of shopping tourism and its influence on the commercial, economic, social, and cultural sectors. The research also examines the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with shopping tourism in the city of Souk Ahras, and formulates the general strategy for the city using SWOT analysis. The results derived from the strategy and field investigation indicate that shopping tourism in the city of Souk Ahras is influenced by several factors. These factors include the commercial weight of the city, its strategic geographic location, its openness to the border area, and the significant influx of tourists, especially from Tunisia. The city has experienced substantial commercial development through markets and shopping centers, contributing to increased inputs and resources. The availability of goods and products at competitive prices can be attributed to the social support policy on raw materials in Algeria. Additionally, the growth of the informal sector has provided a wide variety of products. All of these factors have positioned the city of Souk Ahras as an attraction for tourist flows, making shopping tourism a significant urban phenomenon that influences the organization and economy of the city

DEVELOPMENT OF ANIMATION-BASED LEARNING MEDIA ON HYDROLOGY LEARNING OUTCOMES

Quality human resources will quickly acquire knowledge about digital technology, in this case, it is necessary to improve the quality of human resources in the development of learning in the future. The use of interactive learning media in the form of animation can convey information with sound, video, and motion animation that can improve the hydrology learning process. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using animation media in hydrology learning for D-3 civil engineering students, this study uses the ADDIE method in the control and experimental classes where the pretest and posttest are treated. The results of the animation media are then validated by design experts, materials, media, and also the product trial process, this is done to improve the quality of the animation media. the results of the expert validation assessment obtained an average value of 89.91%, and the average test results were 90%. the results obtained from validation and testing, the animation media is feasible to use and can be continued for data analysis in the development of animation media in hydrology learning, where the results of data analysis show an increase in learning outcomes by 34.45% after using learning media