Automating the refactoring process

To decrease software maintenance cost, software development companies use static source code analysis techniques. Static analysis tools are capable of finding potential bugs, anti-patterns, coding rule violations, and they can also enforce coding style standards. Although there are several available static analyzers to choose from, they only support issue detection. The elimination of the issues is still performed manually by developers. Here, we propose a process that supports the automatic elimination of coding issues in Java. We introduce a tool that uses a third-party static analyzer as input and enables developers to automatically fix the detected issues for them. Our tool uses a special technique, called reverse AST-search, to locate source code elements in a syntax tree, just based on location information. Our tool was evaluated and tested in a two-year project with six software development companies where thousands of code smells were identified and fixed in five systems that have altogether over five million lines of code

A case study of refactoring large-scale industrial systems to efficiently improve source code quality

Refactoring source code has many benefits (e.g. improving maintainability, robustness and source code quality), but it takes time away from other implementation tasks, resulting in developers neglecting refactoring steps during the development process. But what happens when they know that the quality of their source code needs to be improved and they can get the extra time and money to refactor the code? What will they do? What will they consider the most important for improving source code quality? What sort of issues will they address first or last and how will they solve them? In our paper, we look for answers to these questions in a case study of refactoring large-scale industrial systems where developers participated in a project to improve the quality of their software systems. We collected empirical data of over a thousand refactoring patches for 5 systems with over 5 million lines of code in total, and we found that developers really optimized the refactoring process to significantly improve the quality of these systems. © 2014 Springer International Publishing

Differenciálgeometriai kutatások = Research in Differential Geometry

Csikós Balázs eredményei közt szerepel a Schläfli-formula egy messzemenő általánosítása, a Kneser-Poulsen-sejtés és azzal rokon sejtések speciális eseteinek bizonyítása. Vizsgálta a sejtés kiterjeszthetőségének határait Riemann-sokaságokra. Moussong Gábor a Kneser-Poulsen-sejtés korlátainak (ellenpéldák és pozitív eredmény) felderítésével foglalkozott elliptikus terekben (Csikós Balázzsal közösen). Ezen kívül az euklideszi tér rácsnégyzeteivel és rácskockáival kapcsolatos osztályozási, kiterjesztési és leszámlálási tételeket bizonyított. Szenthe János a gömbszimmetrikus téridő globális elméletének a felépítésével és kidolgozásával foglalkozott. Szőke Róbert általánosította a komplex koronatér fogalmát affin szimmetrikus terekre és jellemezte azokat a tereket, melyekre a koronatér egyenlő az érintőnyalábbal. Bebizonyította, hogy két lokálisan nem hiperkähler, lokálisan irreducibilis Kähler-sokaság közötti izometria vagy holomorf, vagy antiholomorf Verhóczki és Csikós bebizonyították, hogy az F_4 kivételes Lie-csoporthoz tartozó kompakt szimmetrikus Riemann-terek jól-definiált csőszerű struktúrával rendelkeznek. Egy explicit formulát adtak meg kompakt szimmetrikus terekben az izotrópia-csoportok principális orbitjainak térfogatára vonatkozóan. Verhóczki 1-kohomogenitású izometrikus csoporthatásokat vizsgált E_6/K típusú szimmetrikus tereken, és ennek során meghatározta az orbitok és a befoglaló terek térfogatait. | Among the results of B. Csikós are a far-reaching generalization of the Schläfli formula, proofs of special cases of the Kneser-Poulsen conjecture and its relatives. He studied extendability of the conjecture to Riemannian manifolds. G. Moussong explored the limitations of the Kneser-Poulsen conjecture (counterexamples and positive results) in elliptic spaces (joint work with B. Csikós). He also proved classification, extension, and enumeration theorems on lattice squares and lattice cubes in Euclidean space. J. Szenthe worked on laying the foundations of the global theory of spherically symmetric space-time. R. Szőke generalized the notion of complex crown to affine symmetric spaces and characterized with the help of the curvature tensor those spaces for which the complex crown equals the tangent bundle. He proved that an isometry between two locally irreducible Kähler, locally not hyperkähler manifolds is either holomorphic or antiholomorphic. L. Verhóczki and B. Csikós proved that the compact Riemannian symmetric spaces associated to the exceptional Lie group F_4 have got well-defined tubular structures. They gave an explicit formula for volumes of principal orbits of isotropy subgroups in compact symmetric spaces. L. Verhóczki studied cohomogeneity one isometric actions on compact symmetric spaces of type E_6/K, and among others he determined the volumes of the orbits and the ambient spaces

Characteristics and regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in pepper - review

Pepper is an important horticultural crop due to its culinary as well as ornamental applications. Some Capsicum varieties build up anthocyanins in their different organs. The biosynthesis of these pigments – beside genetic determinism – depends on diverse factors such as the environment, developmental stage and type of tissue. Though anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway has been first described in the 1800s and from then on it has been well established even in species belonging to Solenaceae , information on the pathway is scarce in case of Capsicum spp. This review comprises the current knowledge on the biochemistry and molecular biology of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway

Digitalization against the shadow economy: evidence on the role of company size

Online cash registers (OCRs) are important tools for reducing the size of the shadow economy. This paper analyzes the impact on reported turnover and tax liability of introducing OCRs in Hungary using a fixed-effects panel and event study model. We identify strong size-related heterogeneity in the retail and the accommodation and food services sectors: smaller companies increased their reported turnover more than larger ones. Since large companies pay the dominant part of value-added tax, the effects on the payment of this tax were mitigated. We find significant spillover effects in both sectors, which are slightly stronger among larger companies