"I didn't have to look her in the eyes"-participants' experiences of the therapeutic relationship in internet-based psychodynamic therapy for adolescent depression

Objective: To explore young people’s perceptions of the relationship with the therapist in internet-based psychodynamic treatment for adolescent depression. Method: As a part of a randomized controlled trial, 18 adolescents aged 15–19 were interviewed after participating in treatment. Interviews followed a semi-structured interview schedule and were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The findings are reported around four main themes: “a meaningful and significant relationship with someone who cared”, “a helping relationship with someone who guided and motivated me through therapy”; “a relationship made safer and more open by the fact that we didn’t have to meet” and “a nonsignificant relationship with someone I didn’t really know and who didn’t know me”. Conclusion: Even when contact is entirely text-based, it is possible to form a close and significant relationship with a therapist in internet-based psychodynamic treatment. Clinicians need to monitor the relationship and seek to repair ruptures when they emerge. Trial registration:ISRCTN.org identifier: ISRCTN16206254

We `re lovin`it? : McDonald `s i Norge under perioden 1983 till juni 1991 och synen på företaget som en symbol för amerikansk kultur

Arbetet behandlar hur en representant för en påstådd amerikansk kultur, hamburgerkedjan McDonald’s, gjorde sitt intåg i Norge. McDonald’s etablerade sin första restaurang i landet på Nedre Slottsgate i Oslo den 18 november 1983. Norge kom att bli det sista landet i Skandinavien, och ett av de sista länderna i Västeuropa, där företaget etablerade sin verksamhet. Tanken är att undersöka om detta case kan representera en någorlunda allmän norsk uppfattning och närmande till amerikansk kultur. Utgångspunkten för arbetet är att undersöka reaktionerna mot företagets etablering. Vid tidigare etableringar i Europa hade företaget stött på kritik, både utifrån symboliken och utifrån associationen med amerikansk kultur, som kritik mot företagets faktiska verksamhet. Därmed blir det intressant att se om denna kritik kom upp till diskussion även vid etableringen i Norge. Norge och USA har haft ett omfattande förhållande, så väl nu som före och efter det andra världskriget. Detta har bidragit till att amerikansk kultur har påverkat den norska samhällsbilden. Vid tiden efter andra världskriget kan denna kulturella närvaro i hög grad ses som en effekt av starkare politiska band mellan länderna. Från 1980-talet fram till idag har man ändå enklare fått tillgång till den amerikanska kulturen, först genom TV och senare genom Internet, och det verkar som att det hög grad existerade en positiv inställning till amerikansk kultur i det norska samhället. Därmed kan det tänkas att denna påstådda positiva inställning till amerikansk kultur kan vara bidragande till företagets utveckling i landet

High-rise buildings; structural design, prefabrication and logistics

In the report we have investigated four high-rise buildings with the intentions to find out witch parts are prefabricated and what relation can be found between structural design, prefabrication and the logistics. After the investigation we noticed that the grad of prefabrication in each one of the projects is good in relation to what purpose the building have and the given background. During the report we found that layout – structural design – prefabrication – logistics is an order that we think can make the production of the building more effective if followed. We believe that the prefabrication of high-rise buildings have potential to grow and get more optimized in the future

The Potential Motivational Impact of 'Schoolifying' Extramural English Activities

This research paper aims to investigate if the incorporation of students’ extramural English (EE) activities, such as watching movies or playing computer games, into the English classroom affect their motivation. This research was inspired by The School Inspectorate’s (Skolinspektionen, 2011) conclusion that too many Swedish students find English lessons un-motivating as well as boring. Partly to blame for this problem is the lack of perceived authenticity in the English classroom when compared to the activities that the students are engaged in outside of school (EE). Since this gap between school English and out-of-school English is creating un-motivated students in the classroom, this paper aims to describe learner motivation towards the English language, and whether incorporating students EE activities can increase their motivation. This is done with the support of different theories of motivation as well as the current globalized landscape, with English being considered a global language. One teacher and 25 of her students were interviewed to hear their thoughts on whether the incorporation of extramural English activities into the classroom would increase motivation. The study came to the conclusion that students wanted to learn English in order to become participants in the globalized world. Also, both teacher and students wanted to incorporate extramural English activities into the classroom and stated that this would increase their motivation in school. However, they also explained that it had to be incorporated, or ‘schoolified’, in a way that increased the students’ knowledge and proficiency, and was in line with the curriculum and its knowledge requirements

Ustekinumab Is Associated with Real-World Long-Term Effectiveness and Improved Health-Related Quality of Life in Crohns Disease

Background Prospectively and systematically collected long-term real-world clinical data on ustekinumab (anti-interleukin-12/23) are still scarce. Aims To assess the long-term effectiveness of ustekinumab in patients with active Crohns disease (CD). Methods This is a prospective multicenter study of adult patients with CD initiating ustekinumab according to recommended doses at 20 Swedish hospitals. The primary outcome was clinical remission (Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI) &amp;lt;= 4 points) at weeks 52 and 104. Secondary outcomes included clinical response (&amp;gt;= 3-point-decrease in HBI among patients with initial HBI &amp;gt;= 5 points), treatment retention, and biomarkers (C-reactive protein (CRP), hemoglobin, fecal-calprotectin) at weeks 52 and 104 compared to baseline. We also reported Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) measures. Results Of 114 included patients, 107 (94%) had previously failed &amp;gt;= 1 and 58 (51%) &amp;gt;= 2 anti-tumor necrosis factor agents. Forty (35%) had failed anti-integrin agents. Ustekinumab retention rates at weeks 52 and 104 were 70% (n = 80/114) and 61% (n = 69/114), respectively. Clinical response was seen in 36% (n = 25/69) and 29% (n = 20/69) of the patients, and remission was achieved in 32% (n = 31/96) and 29% (n = 28/96) at weeks 52 and 104, respectively. Median HBI and CRP levels decreased significantly at both timepoints as compared to baseline. Significant improvements were also observed in HRQoL. Adverse events were reported in 11% (n = 13/114) of the patients, including five cases of severe adverse events. No malignancies were observed. Conclusions In this nationwide prospective real-world 104-week-follow-up study of adult patients with active CD, ustekinumab was associated with long-term clinical effectiveness and improvement in HRQoL measures when used in routine clinical care.Funding Agencies|Karolinska InstituteKarolinska Institutet; Janssen Cilag AB, Sweden</p

Prospective observational study on Stelara (ustekinumab) assessing effectiveness in Crohns disease (PROSE) : a 16-week follow-up

Background Prospectively and systematically collected real-world data on the effectiveness of ustekinumab (anti-interleukin-12/23) for treating Crohns disease (CD) are still limited. Aim To assess the short-term real-world effectiveness of ustekinumab in Swedish patients with active CD. Methods Prospective multicentre study of adult CD patients initiating ustekinumab according to recommended doses at 20 hospitals, between January 2017 and November 2018. Data were collected through an electronic case report form (eCRF) linked to the Swedish Inflammatory Bowel Disease Registry (SWIBREG). The primary outcomes were clinical response (&amp;gt;= 3-point-decrease of Harvey-Bradshaw index (HBI)) and remission (HBI &amp;lt;= 4 points) at week 16. Secondary outcomes included C-reactive protein (CRP) and haemoglobin (Hb) at baseline compared to week 16. Results Of 114 included patients, 107 (94%) had failed &amp;gt;= 1 and 58 (51%) &amp;gt;= 2 biological agents (anti-tumour necrosis factor [aTNF] agents or vedolizumab). The 16-week ustekinumab retention rate was 105 (92%). Data on HBI at baseline were available for 96 patients. At week 16, response or remission was achieved in 38/96 (40%) patients (25/96 (26%) achieving clinical remission and 23/96 (24%) showing a clinical response). The median CRP concentration (N = 65) decreased from 6 to 4 mg/l (p = .006). No significant changes in Hb were observed. No incident malignancies or infections, requiring antibiotic treatment, were reported. Conclusions In this nation-wide prospective real-world study of adult patients with CD, ustekinumab was associated with clinical effectiveness when administered according to clinical practice and seemed to represent a safe treatment option.Funding Agencies|Janssen Cilag AB, Sweden</p