Flow Visualization Tests of a 0.004-scale Space Shuttle Vehicle 2A Model (no. 13-OTS) in the MSFC 14-inch Trisonic Wind Tunnel (IS6A)

Documented are representative photographs of surface flow patterns, created by oil flow and shadowgraph techniques, obtained during wind tunnel tests of an 0.004-scale version of the 2A SSV orbiter. The purpose of this test series was to obtain flow visualization photographs to aid in interpretation of test IS1 aero-noise data. The test was conducted at nominal Mach numbers from 0.6 to 3.48. The orbiter was run in proximity to the external tank and solid rocket boosters at angles of attack from -5 deg to +9 deg at 0 deg angle of sideslip

An investigation to determine the static pressure distribution of the 0.00548 scale shuttle solid rocket booster (MSFC model number 468) during reentry in the NASA/MSFC 14 inch trisonic wind tunnel (SA28F)

The results of a pressure test of a .00548 scale 146 inch Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster (SRB) with and without protuberances, conducted in a 14 x 14 inch trisonic wind tunnel are presented. Static pressure distributions for the SRB at reentry attitudes and flight conditions were obtained. Local longitudinal and ring pressure distributions are presented in tabulated form. Integration of the pressure data was performed. The test was conducted at Mach numbers of 0.40 to 4.45 over an angle of attack range from 60 to 185 degrees. Roll angles of 0, 45, 90 and 315 degrees were investigated. Reynolds numbers per foot varied for selected Mach numbers

Comparative Analysis Of Factors Associated With First‐Year Survival In Two Species Of Migratory Songbirds

Our understanding of the full life cycle of most migratory birds remains limited. Estimates of survival rates, particularly for first‐year birds are notably lacking. This knowledge gap results in imprecise parameters in population models and limits our ability to fully understand life history trade‐offs. We used eleven years of field data to estimate first‐year apparent survival (φ1st) for two species of migratory grassland songbirds that breed in the same managed habitats but have substantially different migration distances. We used a suite of life‐history, habitat and individually‐based covariates to explore causes of variation in φ1st. The interaction between fledge date and body mass was the best supported model of apparent survival. We found differential effects of fledging date based on nestling body mass. Overall, lighter nestlings had greater apparent survival than heavier nestlings; average or heavy nestlings within‐brood had greater apparent survival when they fledged earlier in the summer. We hypothesize that heavier birds that fledge earlier in the season have a longer window of opportunity to evaluate potential breeding sites and are more likely to disperse greater distances from the natal region, thus confounding survival with permanent emigration. Lighter birds, particularly those fledged late in the breeding season may spend more time on self‐maintenance and consequently have less time to evaluate potential future breeding sites, showing greater fidelity to their natal region. We found no support for management treatment (timing of mowing), sex, brood size, or species as important covariates in explaining apparent survival. Our results suggest that differential migration distances may not have a strong effect on first‐year apparent survival

A phase 1, first-in-child, multicenter study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the oncolytic herpes virus talimogene laherparepvec in pediatric patients with advanced solid tumors

BACKGROUND The survival rates for pediatric patients with relapsed and refractory tumors are poor. Successful treatment strategies are currently lacking and there remains an unmet need for novel therapies for these patients. We report here the results of a phase 1 study of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) and explore the safety of this oncolytic immunotherapy for the treatment of pediatric patients with advanced non-central nervous system tumors. METHODS T-VEC was delivered by intralesional injection at 10$^{6}$ plaque-forming units (PFU)/ml on the first day, followed by 10$^{8}$ PFU/ml on the first day of week 4 and every 2 weeks thereafter. The primary objective was to evaluate the safety and tolerability as assessed by the incidence of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). Secondary objectives included efficacy indicated by response and survival per modified immune-related response criteria simulating the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (irRC-RECIST). RESULTS Fifteen patients were enrolled into two cohorts based on age: cohort A1 (n = 13) 12 to ≤21 years old (soft-tissue sarcoma, n = 7; bone sarcoma, n = 3; neuroblastoma, n = 1; nasopharyngeal carcinoma, n = 1; and melanoma, n = 1) and cohort B1 (n = 2) 2 to <12 years old (melanoma, n = 2). Overall, patients received treatment for a median (range) of 5.1 (0.1, 39.4) weeks. No DLTs were observed during the evaluation period. All patients experienced at least one treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE), and 53.3% of patients reported grade ≥3 TEAEs. Overall, 86.7% of patients reported treatment-related TEAEs. No complete or partial responses were observed, and three patients (20%) overall exhibited stable disease as the best response. CONCLUSIONS T-VEC was tolerable as assessed by the observation of no DLTs. The safety data were consistent with the patients' underlying cancer and the known safety profile of T-VEC from studies in the adult population. No objective responses were observed. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02756845. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02756845

Prey Availability Affects Territory Size, but Not Territorial Display Behavior, in Green Anole Lizards

The availability of food resources can affect the size and shape of territories, as well as the behaviors used to defend territories, in a variety of animal taxa. However, individuals within a population may respond differently to variation in food availability if the benefits of territoriality vary among those individuals. For example, benefits to territoriality may differ for animals of differing sizes, because larger individuals may require greater territory size to acquire required resources, or territorial behavior may differ between the sexes if males and females defend different resources in their territories. In this study, we tested whether arthropod abundance and biomass were associated with natural variation in territory size and defense in insectivorous green anole lizards, Anolis carolinensis. Our results showed that both male and female lizards had smaller territories in a habitat with greater prey biomass than lizards in habitats with less available prey, but the rates of aggressive behaviors used to defend territories did not differ among these habitats. Further, we did not find a relationship between body size and territory size, and the sexes did not differ in their relationships between food availability and territory size or behavioral defense. Together, these results suggest that differences in food availability influenced male and female territorial strategies similarly, and that territory size may be more strongly associated with variation in food resources than social display behavior. Thus, anole investment in the behavioral defense of a territory may not vary with territory quality

Differences in information and valuation model usage by financial analysts between 1992 and 2011.

I modern tid, andra världskriget och framåt, har finansanalytikerns roll vuxit markant och dess inverkan på börsen diskuteras numera flitigt. Forskning har bedrivits flitigt utomlands om hur dem arbetar inom yrket men materialet I Sverige är dessvärre väldigt tunt. Det finns en studie från 1992 av Lars Olbert där han kartlägger svenska finansanalytikers informationsanvändning och vilka värderingsmodeller som används i praktiken och inte bara i teorin. Denna kartläggning skulle vara intressant, och releveant, att uppdatera. Därav denna studie. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilken information och värderingsmodeller som svenska finansanalytiker använder vid företagsvärdering 2011 samt att kartlägga om det finns skillnader i informationsanvändning mellan 1992 och 2011. Studien utgår ifrån en kvantitativ metod där empirin samlades in genom en webenkät. En pilot-intervju samt en pilot-enkät genomfördes innan den slutgilta enkäten skickades ut. Hypoteserna grundade sig i förändringar mot Olbert där även intressanta teoretiska samband testades av dessa förändringar. Studiens resultat visar att det skett förändringar i användandet av information och värderingsmodeller men vi finner även att visa modeller och viss information är oförändrad. Precis som tidigare är fundamental analys den vanligaste metod även 2011. Inom teknisk analys ser vi mindre förändringar medan i beta analysen ser vi en större förändring. Den enskilt största förändringen är en ökad användning av kassaflödesanalyser. P/E-talsvärdering däremot används marginellt mer idag än 1992.In modern times, the Second World War and onwards, the role of the financial analysts has grown significantly and it’s influence and impact on the stock exchange is now widely discussed. Research has been conducted extensively abroad in their profession and how they work but the material in Sweden is very thin. There is a study by Lars Olbert from 1992 in hich he indentifies information use and the valuation models used in practice by swedish analysts and not just in theory. This study would be interesting, and relevant, to update. Hence this study. The purpose of the study is to examine the information and valuation models that Swedish financial analysts use 2011 and to identify whether there are differences in information usage between 1992 and 2011. The study is based on a quantitative method where empirical data were gathered through a web-based survey. An interview and a test-survey was issued before the actual survey was sent out. The hypothesis’ were based on the changes from Olbert and also interesting theoretical relationships were tested. Our results demonstrate that there are changes in the usage of information and valuation models, but we also find that the usage of some models and information is unchanged. As before, the fundamental analysis, is the most common valuation method in 2011. In technical analysis, we find minor changes while in beta analysis, we find a major change. The single biggest change is the increased use of cash flow. P/E-valuation is also used more today than in 1992