209 research outputs found
Front Matter and Editors\u27 Notes
Cover page, table of contents, editors\u27 notes
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Conceptualising patterns of career commitment: the leaving process in hospitality
Purpose:
This paper aims to examine the interplay between self-efficacy and career inheritance and its influence on career commitment in the hospitality sector. High labour turnover, unclear career paths and the transient nature of the work available in hospitality render it a suitable industry context that allows us to explore career commitment patterns.
Design/methodology/approach:
Drawing on life history methodology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with hospitality professionals holding a relevant degree but no longer employed in the hospitality industry.
Findings:
The findings revealed the interplay between self-efficacy, career inheritance and career commitment, as well as the speed of decline of career commitment, visualised as patterns of the leaving process. Although an infinite number of variations are possible, data unveiled the three main patterns.
Research limitations/implications:
The schematic illustrations of the patterns of the leaving process are not representative. The purposive sample comprises only ex-hospitality professionals, and generalisations can be considered in future studies.
Practical implications:
This newly conceptualised understanding of career commitment enables researchers to reconsider the fundamental reasons why individuals leave the hospitality industry, whilst also offering hospitality managers deeper insights into how the three identified patterns could inform recruitment and selection.
Originality/value:
This paper contributes to the literature through its meaningful theoretical extension in the context of career development studies. The unique concept of the leaving process addresses the prevalent issue of turnover and generates important implications
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Towards a personology of a hospitality professional
This article provides new insights on what makes hospitality professionals by proposing a new framework: the personology of a hospitality professional. This framework is based on an in-depth analysis of the literature on self-efficacy, career inheritance and career commitment. Understanding the key characteristics of people who choose hospitality as their profession is of great importance to an industry that provides one in ten jobs worldwide, and in the United Kingdom alone employs 4.49 million people. The need for quality employees who consider hospitality a long-term career is of paramount importance. Stakeholders often perceive the hospitality industry as a hardworking and low-paying one. If employers wish to retain existing talent and also attract new talent, they need to have a better understanding of their employeesâ key characteristics. The proposed personology will enable hospitality stakeholders to identify key indicators that aid in a deeper understanding of what constitutes a hospitality professional. This can facilitate the interview process and yield better recruitment and selection outcomes whilst contributing to the scarcity of knowledge on what being a hospitality professional entails
A Systems Approach and Notional Response Model for Preserving the Health System during the COVID-19 Pandemic
During any pandemic, it has long been known that local jurisdictions would need to be self-sufficient with little or no outside assistance, particularly from the federal government. While all eyes have been on California, New York, and Massachusetts, the capacities of health systems in other states have yet to be put to the test. If there are subsequent waves of COVID-19 and other jurisdictions see significant increases in disease spread, the systems used to respond will become critical.Using a review and synthesis approach, this article explores our collective experience and knowledge as it pertains to use of alternate care sites for dealing with the patient surge created by a disease outbreak. Probing the concept of alternate care site (ACS) systems reveals various types of alternate care sites that may be employed during an outbreak. The historical value of ACS models used during outbreak response are discussed. This culminates in the development of a notional response model and list of actions that should be taken by all jurisdictions as we prepare for additional waves of disease
Bromotryptophans and their incorporation in cyclic and bicyclic privileged peptides
While revisiting biologically active natural peptides, the importance of the tryptophan residue became clear. In this article, the incorporation of this amino acid, brominated at different positions of the indole ring, into cyclic peptides was successfully achieved. These products demonstrated improved properties in terms of passive diffusion, permeability across membranes, biostability in human serum and cytotoxicity. Moreover, these brominated tryptophans at positions 5, 6, or 7 proved to be compatible as building blocks to prepare bicyclic stapled peptides by performing onâresin SuzukiâMiyaura crossâcoupling reactions
Is manganese-doped diamond a ferromagnetic semiconductor?
We use density-functional theoretical methods to examine the recent
prediction, based on a mean-field solution of the Zener model, that diamond
doped by Mn (with spin S=5/2) would be a dilute magnetic semiconductor that
remains ferromagnetic well above room temperature. Our findings suggest this to
be unlikely, for four reasons: (1) substitutional Mn in diamond has a low-spin
S=1/2 ground state; (2) the substitutional site is energetically unfavorable
relative to the much larger "divacancy" site; 3) Mn in the divacancy site is an
acceptor, but with only hyperdeep levels, and hence the holes are likely to
remain localized; (4) the calculated Heisenberg couplings between Mn in nearby
divacancy sites are two orders of magnitude smaller than for substitutional Mn
in germanium.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
A Chandra Observation of the Obscured Star-Forming Complex W40
The young stellar cluster illuminating the W40 H II region, one of the
nearest massive star forming regions, has been observed with the ACIS detector
on board the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Due to its high obscuration, this is a
poorly-studied stellar cluster with only a handful of bright stars visible in
the optical band, including three OB stars identified as primary excitation
sources. We detect 225 X-ray sources, of which 85% are confidently identified
as young stellar members of the region. Two potential distances of the cluster,
260 pc and 600 pc, are used in the paper. Supposing the X-ray luminosity
function to be universal, it supports a 600 pc distance as a lower limit for
W40 and a total population of at least 600 stars down to 0.1 Mo under the
assumption of a coeval population with a uniform obscuration. In fact, there is
strong spatial variation in Ks-band-excess disk fraction and non-uniform
obscuration due to a dust lane that is identified in absorption in optical,
infrared and X-ray. The dust lane is likely part of a ring of material which
includes the molecular core within W40. In contrast to the likely ongoing star
formation in the dust lane, the molecular core is inactive. The star cluster
has a spherical morphology, an isothermal sphere density profile, and mass
segregation down to 1.5 Mo. However, other cluster properties, including a
\leq{1} Myr age estimate and ongoing star formation, indicate that the cluster
is not dynamically relaxed. X-ray diffuse emission and a powerful flare from a
young stellar object are also reported.Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. 60 pages, 16
figure
Safety and efficacy of mass drug administration with a single-dose triple-drug regimen of albendazole + diethylcarbamazine + ivermectin for lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea: An open-label, cluster-randomised trial
Background Papua New Guinea (PNG) has a high burden of lymphatic filariasis (LF) caused by Wucher-eria bancrofti, with an estimated 4.2 million people at risk of infection. A single co-adminis-tered dose of ivermectin, diethylcarbamazine and albendazole (IDA) has been shown to have superior efficacy in sustained clearance of microfilariae compared to diethylcarbama-zine and albendazole (DA) in small clinical trials. A community-based cluster-randomised trial of DA versus IDA was conducted to compare the safety and efficacy of IDA and DA for LF in a moderately endemic, treatment-naive area in PNG.
Methodology All consenting, eligible residents of 24 villages in Bogia district, Madang Province, PNG were enrolled, screened for W. bancrofti antigenemia and microfilaria (Mf) and randomised to receive IDA (N = 2382) or DA (N = 2181) according to their village of residence. Adverse events (AE) were assessed by active follow-up for 2 days and passive follow-up for an addi-tional 5 days. Antigen-positive participants were re-tested one year after MDA to assess treatment efficacy.
Principal findings Of the 4,563 participants enrolled, 96% were assessed for AEs within 2 days after treat-ment. The overall frequency of AEs were similar after either DA (18%) or IDA (20%) treat-ment. For those individuals with AEs, 87% were mild (Grade 1), 13% were moderate (Grade 2) and there were no Grade 3, Grade 4, or serious AEs (SAEs). The frequency of AEs was greater in Mf-positive than Mf-negative individuals receiving IDA (39% vs 20% p<0.001) and in Mf-positive participants treated with IDA (39%), compared to those treated with DA (24%, p = 0.023). One year after treatment, 64% (645/1013) of participants who were antigen-positive at baseline were re-screened and 74% of these participants (475/ 645) remained antigen positive. Clearance of Mf was achieved in 96% (52/54) of infected individuals in the IDA arm versus 84% (56/67) of infected individuals in the DA arm (rela-tive risk (RR) 1.15; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.30; p = 0.019). Participants receiving DA treatment had a 4-fold higher likelihood of failing to clear Mf (RR 4.67 (95% CI: 1.05 to 20.67; p = 0.043). In the DA arm, a significant predictor of failure to clear was baseline Mf density (RR 1.54; 95% CI, 1.09 to 2.88; p = 0.007).
Conclusion IDA was well tolerated and more effective than DA for clearing Mf. Widespread use of this regimen could accelerate LF elimination in PNG
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